公开(公告)号：US20050059901A1

公开(公告)日：2005-03-17

申请号：US10882050

申请日：2004-06-30

申请人： Yvo Garber ,  Markus Steeger ,  Jianhua Li ,  Steffen Leonhardt ,  Jan Ruterbories ,  Rainer Goldau

发明人： Yvo Garber ,  Markus Steeger ,  Jianhua Li ,  Steffen Leonhardt ,  Jan Ruterbories ,  Rainer Goldau

IPC分类号： A61B5/053 ,  G01N27/02 ,  A61B5/05

CPC分类号： A61B5/0536 ,  Y10S128/908

摘要： An electroimpedance tomograph is provided with a plurality of electrodes placed on a body, measuring circuits that process the voltage signals recorded by the electrodes, and a control unit that supplies two, preferably adjacent electrodes each with an alternating current. The control unit has a preset feed frequency performed in different states and different preset feed frequencies performed at different frequencies. The control unit processes the processed voltage signals of all other electrodes to reconstruct the impedance distribution of the body in the electrode plane. To make the EIT more insensitive to electromagnetic interferences, the control unit provides for an automatic setting of the current feed frequency/frequencies to record a background frequency spectrum by detecting the electrode voltage signals over a preset period of time and record them as a voltage time series and transform them into a frequency spectrum. The control unit searches in the background frequency spectrum for a frequency (different states) or frequencies (different frequencies) that leads to a useful signal to background ratio above a preset threshold value when used as a feed frequency.

摘要翻译： 电阻断层摄影机设置有放置在人体上的多个电极，处理由电极记录的电压信号的测量电路，以及提供两个优选相邻电极各自具有交流电流的控制单元。 控制单元具有在不同状态下执行的预设馈送频率和在不同频率执行的不同预设馈送频率。 控制单元处理所有其他电极的经处理的电压信号，以重建电极平面中的主体的阻抗分布。 为了使EIT对电磁干扰更加不敏感，控制单元通过在预设时间段内检测电极电压信号来自动设置当前馈送频率/频率以记录背景频谱，并将其记录为电压时间 并将其转换为频谱。 当用作馈送频率时，控制单元在背景频谱中搜索频率（不同状态）或频率（不同频率），导致有用信号到背景比高于预设阈值。

公开(公告)号：US07711418B2

公开(公告)日：2010-05-04

申请号：US10882050

申请日：2004-06-30

申请人： Yvo Gärber ,  Markus Steeger ,  Jianhua Li ,  Steffen Leonhardt ,  Jan Rüterbories ,  Rainer Goldau

发明人： Yvo Gärber ,  Markus Steeger ,  Jianhua Li ,  Steffen Leonhardt ,  Jan Rüterbories ,  Rainer Goldau

IPC分类号： A61B5/05

CPC分类号： A61B5/0536 ,  Y10S128/908

摘要： An electroimpedance tomograph including a plurality of electrodes placed on a body, measuring circuits processing voltage signals recorded by the electrodes, and a control unit supplying two electrodes each with an alternating current. The control unit has a preset feed frequency. The control unit processes the processed voltage signals of all other electrodes to reconstruct the impedance distribution of the body in the electrode plane. The control unit provides for an automatic setting of the current feed frequency/frequencies to record a background frequency spectrum by detecting the electrode voltage signals over a preset period of time and record them as a voltage time series and transform them into a frequency spectrum. The control unit searches in the background frequency spectrum for a frequency (different states) or frequencies (different frequencies) that leads to a useful signal to background ratio above a preset threshold value when used as a feed frequency.

摘要翻译： 一种电阻断层摄影机，包括放置在人体上的多个电极，测量电路处理由电极记录的电压信号，以及控制单元，每个电极提供两个交流电。 控制单元具有预设的进给频率。 控制单元处理所有其他电极的经处理的电压信号，以重建电极平面中的主体的阻抗分布。 控制单元通过在预设的时间段内检测电极电压信号来提供当前馈送频率/频率的自动设置以记录背景频谱，并将其记录为电压时间序列并将其转换成频谱。 当用作馈送频率时，控制单元在背景频谱中搜索频率（不同状态）或频率（不同频率），导致有用信号到背景比高于预设阈值。

公开(公告)号：US20140160220A1

公开(公告)日：2014-06-12

申请号：US13988930

申请日：2012-09-12

申请人： Rainer Goldau ,  Klaus Schafer ,  Ulrich Ritter

发明人： Rainer Goldau ,  Klaus Schafer ,  Ulrich Ritter

IPC分类号： B41J2/435

CPC分类号： B41J2/435 ,  B41M3/14 ,  B41M5/287 ,  B41M5/34 ,  B42D25/00 ,  B42D25/41 ,  B42D2035/06 ,  B42D2035/34

摘要： What is described is a method for producing a sign, pattern, symbol and/or image (8) on a substrate (2) with colour bodies arranged on said substrate, said colour bodies losing the colour effect under the influence of a laser (23) and consisting of dyes or pigments contained in capsules (1), wherein different colour bodies (1) having at least three different colour effects are arranged on or in the substrate (2). The invention is characterised by the following method steps: (a) producing a colour chart (14), in which the individual colour effect of individual colour bodies (1) formed from dyes or pigment particles is contained as a function of the spatial coordinates thereof on or in the substrate (2); (b) spatially resolved radiation, which open the colour effect of colour bodies (1) just of individual capsules and release these dyes, by means of an excitation beam of a laser (23) at a single frequency on the basis of the colour chart (14) in order to produce a resultant colour effect. The present invention also relates to substrates, in particular security documents, produced with use of a method of this type, and also to devices for carrying out methods of this type.

摘要翻译： 描述的是一种用于在衬底（2）上产生符号，图案，符号和/或图像（8）的方法，其具有布置在所述衬底上的彩色体，所述颜色体在激光器的影响下（23 ）并且由胶囊（1）中包含的染料或颜料组成，其中具有至少三种不同颜色效果的不同颜色体（1）布置在基底（2）上或基底（2）中。 本发明的特征在于以下方法步骤：（a）制备其中包含由染料或颜料颗粒形成的各个色体（1）作为其空间坐标的函数的单独色彩效果的色彩图（14） 在衬底（2）上或衬底（2）中; （b）空间分辨的辐射，其通过基于彩色图的单个频率的激光束（23）的激发光束来打开单个胶囊的颜色体（1）的颜色效果并释放这些染料， （14），以产生所得的颜色效果。 本发明还涉及使用这种方法制造的基板，特别是安全文件，以及用于执行这种方法的装置。

公开(公告)号：US6077443A

公开(公告)日：2000-06-20

申请号：US129646

申请日：1998-08-05

申请人： Rainer Goldau

发明人： Rainer Goldau

IPC分类号： A61M1/14 ,  A61M1/16 ,  A61M1/36 ,  A61M5/168 ,  B01D61/28 ,  B01D61/30 ,  B01D61/32 ,  B01D65/10

CPC分类号： A61M1/3639 ,  A61M1/16 ,  A61M1/3656 ,  A61M2205/18 ,  A61M5/16859

摘要： In a method and device for monitoring a vascular access during a dialysis treatment, pressure pulses generated by a balancing device connected in a dialysis fluid inlet line and drain line are monitored in the extracorporeal blood circulation path. The pressure pulses are detected with a pressure sensor in the venous blood line and are analyzed in an analyzer unit. When there is a characteristic change in pressure pulses in the extracorporeal blood circulation path, a faulty venous access is deduced, i.e., the needle has slipped out. Upon a faulty venous access condition, an alarm generator generates an acoustic and/or optical alarm, and the blood flow in the extracorporeal circulation is interrupted.

摘要翻译： 在用于在透析治疗期间监测血管通路的方法和装置中，在体外血液循环路径中监测由连接在透析流体入口管线和排出管线中的平衡装置产生的压力脉冲。 压力脉冲用静脉血管中的压力传感器检测，并在分析器单元中进行分析。 当体外血液循环路径中存在压力脉冲的特征变化时，推断出静脉通路有故障，即针已经滑出。 在有故障的静脉通路的情况下，报警发生器产生声和/或光警报，并且体外循环中的血流被中断。

公开(公告)号：US08953008B2

公开(公告)日：2015-02-10

申请号：US13988930

申请日：2012-09-12

申请人： Rainer Goldau ,  Klaus Schafer ,  Ulrich Ritter

发明人： Rainer Goldau ,  Klaus Schafer ,  Ulrich Ritter

IPC分类号： B41J2/47 ,  B41J2/325 ,  G01D15/06 ,  B41J2/435 ,  B41M3/14 ,  B41M5/28 ,  B41M5/34 ,  B42D25/00

CPC分类号： B41J2/435 ,  B41M3/14 ,  B41M5/287 ,  B41M5/34 ,  B42D25/00 ,  B42D25/41 ,  B42D2035/06 ,  B42D2035/34

摘要： A method for producing images (8) on a substrate (2) with colour bodies thereon, the colour bodies losing a colour effect due to a laser (23) and consisting of dyes or pigments contained in capsules (1). Different colour bodies having at least three different colour effects are on or in the substrate (2). The method includes: (a) producing a colour chart (14), with individual colour effect of individual colour bodies contained as a function of the spatial coordinates thereof on or in the substrate; and (b) spatially resolving radiation, which opens the colour effect of colour bodies of individual capsules and releases dyes by a laser (23) at a single frequency on the basis of the colour chart (14) in order to produce a resultant colour effect. Substrates, like security documents, can be produced this method.

摘要翻译： 一种用于在其上具有颜色体的基板（2）上产生图像（8）的方法，由于激光（23），由于包含在胶囊（1）中的染料或颜料组成，着色体失去色彩效果。 具有至少三种不同颜色效果的不同颜色体位于基板（2）上或基板（2）中。 该方法包括：（a）产生一个色彩图（14），其中包含各个颜色体的单独颜色效应作为其在基底上或其中的空间坐标的函数; 和（b）空间分辨辐射，其打开单个胶囊的着色体的颜色效应，并且基于颜色图（14）以单个频率通过激光（23）释放染料，以产生所得的颜色效果 。 基板，如安全文件，可以制作这种方法。

公开(公告)号：US06217539B1

公开(公告)日：2001-04-17

申请号：US08979401

申请日：1997-11-26

申请人： Rainer Goldau

发明人： Rainer Goldau

IPC分类号： A61M3700

CPC分类号： A61M1/16 ,  A61M1/1607 ,  A61M1/1609 ,  A61M1/1615 ,  A61M1/36 ,  A61M1/3607 ,  A61M2205/3306 ,  A61M2205/3317 ,  A61M2205/3324 ,  A61M2205/3334 ,  A61M2205/3368 ,  A61M2205/50 ,  A61M2230/65

摘要： To be able to optimize the hemodialysis treatment process, in-vivo determination of important parameters, such as the exchange efficiency of the dialyzer, represented by the dialysance or clearance, is desirable. Mathematical quantification of the blood purification processes on the basis of measurement technology is especially important. Important measured quantities and operands for the determination of the desired parameter are usually the dialysate flow and the blood flow (Qd, Qb), the inlet and outlet concentrations (cdi, cdo) of the dialysis fluid and the electrolyte transfer rate derived from it as well as the formulation of the mass balance in the dialyzer. This invention provides that at least one of the two flow rates (Qb, Qd) is set at a minimum of two different values in the measurement interval, and corresponding measured quantities are derived, from which the parameter to be determined is obtained together with the above-mentioned conventional measured quantities and operands as well as on the basis of equations between the dialyzer characteristics that describe the mass exchange and a conditional equation. At a known effective blood flow (Qb), this may be, for example, the blood concentration at the inlet (cbi), from which the dialysance can then be determined. When the cbi value is known, the effective blood flow and thus the hematocrit can be determined.

摘要翻译： 为了能够优化血液透析治疗过程，期望以透析或间隙为代表的重要参数（例如透析器的交换效率）的体内测定。 基于测量技术的血液净化过程的数学量化特别重要。 用于确定所需参数的重要测量量和操作数通常是透析液流量和血液流量（Qd，Qb），透析液的入口和出口浓度（cdi，cdo）和从其衍生的电解质转移率 以及透析器中的质量平衡的配方。本发明提供了两个流量（Qb，Qd）中的至少一个在测量间隔中被设置为两个不同值的最小值，并且导出相应的测量量， 与上述常规测量量和操作数一起以及基于描述质量交换的透析器特性与条件方程之间的方程式获得要确定的参数。 在已知的有效血流量（Qb）下，这可以是例如入口处的血液浓度（cbi），然后可以确定透析度。 当cbi值已知时，可以确定有效血流量，从而确定血细胞比容。

公开(公告)号：US6126831A

公开(公告)日：2000-10-03

申请号：US133252

申请日：1998-08-13

申请人： Rainer Goldau ,  Matthias Kramer

发明人： Rainer Goldau ,  Matthias Kramer

IPC分类号： A61M1/14 ,  A61M1/16 ,  G01N33/487 ,  B01D61/34

CPC分类号： A61M1/16 ,  A61M1/1607 ,  A61M1/1609 ,  A61M1/1615 ,  A61M1/165 ,  Y10S210/929

摘要： A device and method are described to determine the concentration of a substance in blood flowing through a blood chamber of a dialyzer during extra corporeal blood treatment. The flow rate of dialysate flowing through the dialysate chamber of the dialyzer is reduced to a value at which the concentration of the substance at the outlet of the dialysate chamber is essentially the same as the concentration of that same substance in the blood at the inlet of the blood chamber. The concentration measurement can be carried out without interrupting the flow of dialysate.

摘要翻译： 描述了一种装置和方法，以确定在额外体外血液处理期间流过透析器的血液室的血液中物质的浓度。 流过透析器的透析液室的透析液的流量减少到透析液出口处的物质的浓度基本上与在血液入口处的血液中相同物质的浓度相同的值 血液室。 可以在不中断透析液流动的情况下进行浓度测量。

公开(公告)号：US08896647B2

公开(公告)日：2014-11-25

申请号：US13883591

申请日：2011-09-20

申请人： Rainer Goldau ,  Klaus Schafer

发明人： Rainer Goldau ,  Klaus Schafer

IPC分类号： B41J2/47 ,  B41J2/44 ,  B41M3/14 ,  B41J2/435 ,  B42D15/00 ,  B41M5/20 ,  B41M5/24

CPC分类号： B41J2/442 ,  B41M3/14 ,  B41M5/28 ,  B41M5/34 ,  B42D15/00 ,  Y10S462/903

摘要： A method is described for producing a character, pattern, symbol and/or image (8) on a substrate (2) by way of pigment particles (1) which are arranged thereon and lose their color effect under the action of a laser (23), wherein different pigment particles (1) with at least three different color effects are arranged on and/or in the substrate (2). The invention is distinguished by the following method steps: (a) production of a color chart (14), in which the individual color effect of individual pigment particles (1) or individual clusters of pigment particles is contained as a function of their spatial coordinate on and/or in the substrate (2); (b) spatially resolved irradiation, which changes the color effect of only individual pigment particles (1) or individual clusters of pigment particles, by way of a laser (23) at a single frequency on the basis of the color chart (14) in order to produce a resulting color effect. Furthermore, the present invention relates to substrates, in particular security documents, produced using a method of this type, and devices for carrying out methods of this type.

摘要翻译： 描述了一种用于通过颜料颗粒（1）在衬底（2）上产生字符，图案，符号和/或图像（8）的方法，颜料颗粒（1）布置在其上并在激光作用下失去其颜色效果（23 ），其中具有至少三种不同颜色效应的不同颜料颗粒（1）布置在基材（2）和/或基材（2）上。 本发明的区别在于以下方法步骤：（a）生产颜色图（14），其中包含单个颜料颗粒（1）或单个颜料颗粒簇的单独颜色效应作为其空间坐标的函数 在基底（2）上和/或基底（2）中; （b）空间分辨照射，其通过激光器（23）以单个频率基于颜色图表（14）在单个频率上改变仅单独的颜料颗粒（1）或单个颜料颗粒簇的颜色效应 以产生所产生的色彩效果。 此外，本发明涉及使用这种方法制造的基板，特别是安全文件，以及用于执行这种方法的装置。

公开(公告)号：US06187199B1

公开(公告)日：2001-02-13

申请号：US09155276

申请日：1999-04-26

申请人： Rainer Goldau

发明人： Rainer Goldau

IPC分类号： B01D6130

CPC分类号： A61M1/16 ,  A61M1/1607 ,  A61M1/1609 ,  A61M1/1617 ,  A61M2205/3317 ,  A61M2205/3324 ,  A61M2205/3368 ,  A61M2205/52

摘要： A method is described for determining hemodialysis parameters during an extracorporeal blood treatment according to which the blood to be treated in an extracorporeal circulation flows through the blood chamber of a dialyzer divided by a semipermeable membrane into the blood chamber and a dialysate chamber, and dialysate in a dialysate path flows through the dialysate chamber of the dialyzer. According to the method pursuant to the invention, the hemodialysis parameter can also be determined when no balanced state has yet been established. The method according to the invention is based on the response of the dialyzer to a pulse function as inlet signal (pulse response) from the course over time of the physical or chemical characteristic quantity of the dialysate upstream and downstream of the dialyzer. The hemodynamic parameter is then determined from the pulse response of the dialyzer.

摘要翻译： 描述了一种用于在体外血液处理期间确定血液透析参数的方法，根据该方法，体外循环中待处理的血液将通过透析器的血液腔分成半透膜分成血液室和透析液室，并且透析液在 透析液通过透析器的透析液室。 根据本发明的方法，当尚未建立平衡状态时也可以确定血液透析参数。 根据本发明的方法是基于透析器对脉冲功能的响应，作为从透析器上游和下游的透析液的物理或化学特征量随时间推移的入口信号（脉冲响应）。 然后从透析器的脉搏响应确定血液动力学参数。

公开(公告)号：US20130314486A1

公开(公告)日：2013-11-28

申请号：US13883591

申请日：2011-09-20

申请人： Rainer Goldau ,  Klaus Schafer

发明人： Rainer Goldau ,  Klaus Schafer

IPC分类号： B41J2/44 ,  B42D15/00

CPC分类号： B41J2/442 ,  B41M3/14 ,  B41M5/28 ,  B41M5/34 ,  B42D15/00 ,  Y10S462/903

摘要： A method is described for producing a character, pattern, symbol and/or image (8) on a substrate (2) by way of pigment particles (1) which are arranged thereon and lose their colour effect under the action of a laser (23), wherein different pigment particles (1) with at least three different colour effects are arranged on and/or in the substrate (2). The invention is distinguished by the following method steps: (a) production of a colour chart (14), in which the individual colour effect of individual pigment particles (1) or individual clusters of pigment particles is contained as a function of their spatial coordinate on and/or in the substrate (2); (b) spatially resolved irradiation, which changes the colour effect of only individual pigment particles (1) or individual clusters of pigment particles, by way of a laser (23) at a single frequency on the basis of the colour chart (14) in order to produce a resulting colour effect. Furthermore, the present invention relates to substrates, in particular security documents, produced using a method of this type, and devices for carrying out methods of this type.

摘要翻译： 描述了一种用于通过颜料颗粒（1）在衬底（2）上产生字符，图案，符号和/或图像（8）的方法，颜料颗粒（1）布置在其上并在激光作用下失去其颜色效果（23 ），其中具有至少三种不同颜色效应的不同颜料颗粒（1）布置在基材（2）和/或基材（2）上。 本发明的区别在于以下方法步骤：（a）生产颜色图（14），其中包含单个颜料颗粒（1）或单个颜料颗粒簇的单独颜色效应作为其空间坐标的函数 在基底（2）上和/或基底（2）中; （b）空间分辨照射，其通过激光器（23）以单个频率基于颜色图表（14）在单个频率上改变仅单独的颜料颗粒（1）或单个颜料颗粒簇的颜色效应 以产生所产生的色彩效果。 此外，本发明涉及使用这种方法制造的基板，特别是安全文件，以及用于执行这种方法的装置。