摘要:
A composition for retarding water loss and/or heat loss from a body of water comprises a polyoxyethylene ether having the general structure of R—(OCH2CH2)nOH where R is an alkyl group or mixture of alkyl groups, and n is the average number of ethylene oxide units in the polyethylene glycol segment, wherein R is lauryl alcohol and n is 2. The composition can be delivered as a neat liquid, solution, or dispersion in a solvent or carrier, without additional dispersants or spreading agents, and without hazardous or flammable solvents. Embodiments may include a thickening agent to stabilize the dispersion until use. Preservatives, colorants and fragrance can be added. The range for delivery of the composition in dilution is from about 0.1% to about 90% by weight in one embodiment, and from about 0.5% to about 50% by weight, and from about 1% to about 20% by weight in other embodiments.
摘要:
Open systems for performing submicroliter reactions are provided. The systems can include a support for performing the reaction; a liquid dispensing system for dispensing a submicroliter amount of a liquid to a site on or in the support; a temperature controlling device for regulating the temperature of the support; and an interface for controlling the amount of liquid dispensed from the liquid dispensing system are provided. Methods using the systems are also provided.
摘要:
The present invention provides a liquid evaporation inhibitor which is suitable for use in high temperature applications; e.g., above 70.degree. C. The evaporation inhibitor liquid comprises a mixture of an alkane, a non-volatile oil, preferably a vegetable oil and a surfactant. The alkane is present in the mixture in an amount sufficient to provide a density which promotes floating on an aqueous medium and to cover an aqueous medium. The non-volatile oil is present in the mixture in an amount sufficient to inhibit evaporation of the mixture at temperatures above 70.degree. C. The surfactant is present in the mixture in an amount sufficient to maximize the contact surface area between the evaporation inhibitor liquid and the aqueous medium.
摘要:
A composition for protection of the liquid surface from heat- and mass-trfer, for example from evaporation, contains a polymer limitedly swelling in the protected liquid or a mixture of said polymer with a neutral filler having a density lower than the density of the protected liquid.A method for protection of the liquid surface from heat- and mass-transfer comprising application of said composition on the surface of a liquid, for example petroleum, in an amount of from 0.1 to 2 kg per m.sup.2. Upon contacting of the polymer with the liquid the polymer rapidly swells and forms a continuous gel-like covering which hinders the heat- and mass-transfer on the liquid surface.
摘要:
Solidifiable petroleum wax is placed in liquid form to solidify on the surface of a pond, such as a degradant lagoon for deterring emanation of malodorous gases or collecting malodorous or energy latent gases, or a reservoir to deter evaporation. The entire cover can be of liquid solidified in situ on the surface of the pond or a sheet cover can be formed by placing solidifiable buoyant material in liquid form between premolded solid cover sections or cakes to which the liquid can bond in solidifying to join adjacent premolded sections. The premolded cakes and/or the buoyant material solidified in situ can include reinforcement, such as net, which preferably also is buoyant. A suitable solidifiable buoyant material is petroleum wax which can include woody material such as sawdust or shavings, serving as an adsorbent, filler and/or vehicle for treating materials, and/or other additives such as oxidizer material, deodorant material, catalysts, enzymes and/or nutrients for anaerobic bacteria.
摘要:
A laminate structure consisting essentially of (A) a substantially moisture impervious polyethylene foam underlayer in combination with (B) a covering layer of a suspension chlorinated substantially linear polyethylene said covering layer being characterized by inherent flexibility, solvent weldability and excellent resistance to weathering; said laminate structure being particularly useful as a floating cover for liquid storage reservoirs.