摘要:
A cartridge device (10) for collecting and analysing a breath condensate is disclosed. The device (10) comprises a condensation zone (12) to condense exhaled breath from a subject and cooling means operably connected to the condensation zone (12). The device includes further discrete regions (13) for detection of analyte and measurement of analyte. The condensation zone (12) has a fluid exit connecting the condensation zone (12) to the discrete regions (13).
摘要:
An analyser for collecting and analysing a breath condensate is disclosed. The analyser comprises a housing and a cartridge device (10). The device comprises a condensation zone (12) to condense exhaled breath from a subject and cooling means operably connected to the condensation zone (12). The device includes further discrete regions (13) for detection of analyte and measurement of analyte. The condensation zone (12) has a fluid exit connecting the condensation zone (12) to the discrete regions (13). The analyser includes a mouthpiece which is provided with a plurality of chambers configured to cause a change of 90° in the direction of the exhaled breath in order to trap saliva aerosols.
摘要:
An apparatus and a method for determining a moisture ingress in an insulating layer surrounding a pipe, the insulating layer being surrounded by a tubular jacket. The apparatus includes an acoustic transducer in communication with an exciter adapted to provide a brief and broad banded acoustic signal which includes frequencies which by their propagation in the material of the jacket has a wavelength which corresponds to twice the thickness of the jacket or an odd multiple of twice the thickness of the jacket, and to process a reverberation signal emitted from the jacket in response to sending into the jacket the brief and broad banded output signal from the transducer. The signal processor is adapted to make a frequency analysis of the received reverberation signal for producing a frequency response curve, to establish features of the frequency response curve which are characteristic of a moisture content in the insulation material on the inside of the jacket, and to output an indication being specific for the moisture ingress.
摘要:
There is a need for miniature, low power, and remotely powered sensors that can measure moisture and reactive gas content in the environment. Examples of devices that already exist include dew-point sensors, moisture sensors, and oxygen sensors. This disclosure describes the use of high-frequency ultrasonic pulses to interrogate thin films on the imaging surface of a CMOS integrated GHz Ultrasonic imager substrate. In one embodiment the device uses a Peltier cooler and heater chip to detect the dew point by the act of moisture condensing on the surface. Integrated temperature measurement is enabled by using some of the pixels, isolated from the environment, to be reflectors that measure the phase change in the reflected signal due to the change in the speed of sound in the silicon substrate. In another embodiment a thin film is exposed to gases, changing its ultrasonic impedance, which can be used to extract the film thickness and its ultrasonic properties.
摘要:
A sensor senses an environmental condition. The sensor includes a film bulk acoustic resonator that includes a layer of material that causes resonant frequency and/or quality factor shifts of the film bulk acoustic resonator in response to changes in the environmental condition. The environmental condition may be relative humidity and the layer of material may be a moisture absorptive material.
摘要:
A method is disclosed for determining the composition of a two-phase fluid, such as saturated steam. In that method, the transit times of sound are measured within the two-phase fluid, the speed of sound of the two-phase fluid is calculated from the measured transit times, and the composition of the two-phase fluid is calculated from the calculated speed of sound. From the calculated linear velocity and the calculated composition, one can calculate at least one fluid property of the two-phase fluid, such as mass flow rate or energy flow rate. All of these calculations can be performed by a microprocessor.
摘要:
An apparatus and a method for determining a moisture ingress in an insulating layer surrounding a pipe, the insulating layer being surrounded by a tubular jacket. The apparatus includes an acoustic transducer in communication with an exciter adapted to provide a brief and broad banded acoustic signal which includes frequencies which by their propagation in the material of the jacket has a wavelength which corresponds to twice the thickness of the jacket or an odd multiple of twice the thickness of the jacket, and to process a reverberation signal emitted from the jacket in response to sending into the jacket the brief and broad banded output signal from the transducer. The signal processor is adapted to make a frequency analysis of the received reverberation signal for producing a frequency response curve, to establish features of the frequency response curve which are characteristic of a moisture content in the insulation material on the inside of the jacket, and to output an indication being specific for the moisture ingress.
摘要:
An ionic liquid piezoelectric gas sensor for the detection of polar and nonpolar organic vapors. The gas sensor can operate at high temperatures with a fast linear response which is also reversible. At high temperatures, the frequency change (Δf) versus concentration (C) curve mirrors the Henry's gas law, such that the concentration of a gas sample in liquid solvent is proportional to the concentration or partial pressure of the sample in gas phase. The gas sensor can be used for quantitative analysis of gas vapors and determination of Henry constants.
摘要:
An ionic liquid piezoelectric gas sensor for the detection of polar and nonpolar organic vapors. The gas sensor can operate at high temperatures with a fast linear response which is also reversible. At high temperatures, the frequency change (Δf) versus concentration (C) curve mirrors the Henry's gas law, such that the concentration of a gas sample in liquid solvent is proportional to the concentration or partial pressure of the sample in gas phase. The gas sensor can be used for quantitative analysis of gas vapors and determination of Henry constants.
摘要:
Fluid sensor methods and systems adapted for monitoring and/or controlling distillation operations in fluidic systems, such as batch distillation operations or continuous distillation operations, are disclosed. Preferred embodiments are directed to process monitoring and/or process control for unit operations involving endpoint determination of a distillation, for example, as applied to a liquid-component-switching operation (e.g., a solvent switching operation), a liquid-liquid separation operation, a solute concentration operation, a dispersed-phase concentration operation, among others.