摘要:
Supply circuit SC for a Hall sensor multiplication circuit HSC makes it possible to produce both circuits in monolithic technology on a common substrate and yet accomplish the polarity reversal of the output voltage U.sub.H of the multiplication circuit HSC with such accuracy that at said reversal the absolute value of the voltage U.sub.H is preserved with an accuracy of 0.01%.
摘要:
A mixer includes a magnetoresistive effect element, a magnetic field applying unit, and an impedance circuit. The magnetoresistive effect element includes a fixed magnetic layer, a free magnetic layer, and a nonmagnetic spacer layer disposed between the fixed magnetic layer and the free magnetic layer, is operable when a first high-frequency signal and a second high-frequency signal as a local signal are inputted, to multiply the first high-frequency signal and the second high-frequency signal according to a magnetoresistive effect to generate a multiplication signal. The magnetic field applying unit applies a magnetic field to the free magnetic layer. The impedance circuit has a higher impedance for the multiplication signal than an impedance for the first high-frequency signal and the second high-frequency signal and is disposed between an input transfer line, which transfers the first high-frequency signal and the second high-frequency signal, and the magnetoresistive effect element.
摘要:
Hard magnetic bubble domains are propagated in displaced orbits in response to the product of two cyclically varying propagation control fields. The control fields modulate the hard bubble domain diameter and a driving field gradient. Repulsive boundaries establish a restricted propagating channel in a layer of bubble domain material to maintain the net displacement of orbital movements of the bubble domain along a predetermined axis. The axis of the bubble domain net displacement is perpendicular to the direction of the driving field gradient and preferably along a neutral axis of the driving field gradient. The net displacement of the hard bubble domains provide an improved analog multiplication of two alternating current computational input signals controlling the propagation control fields.
摘要:
In accordance with the Hall effect, a magnetic field applied perpendicular to the direction of current flow through a conductor causes an electric field perpendicular to both the direction of the current flow and the direction of the magnetic field established in the conductor. This effect has been used to produce magnetic field and current detectors, modulators and frequency doublers. In accordance with the present disclosure a portion of the magnetic field is reversed to produce squaring of or obtaining the square root of the amplitude of the voltage used to produce the conductor current.
摘要:
A mass spectrometer in which a magnetic analyzer may be used for scanning ions during operation. A means is provided to measure the magnetic flux density in the magnetic analyzer and utilize such measurement in the determination of the mass/charge ratios of ions.