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1.发明授权Persistent current switch including electrodes forming parallel conductive and superconductive paths 失效持续电流开关包括形成平行导电和超导路径的电极
公开(公告)号：US4021633A
公开(公告)日：1977-05-03
申请号：US576372
申请日：1975-05-12
CPC分类号： H01H33/004 , Y10S505/882
摘要： A persistent current switch adapted to connect the ends of a superconducting coil together and to disconnect the ends thereof includes a vacuum casing and at least a pair of electrodes disposed in the vacuum casing in opposing relationship to each other. Each of the electrodes is provided with a highly conductive contact portion of high-purity metal having a very small resistivity at extremely low temperatures and with at least one superconducting contact portion of superconducting material in alignment with one another in the respective electrodes so that parallel current paths of the highly conductive contact portion and the superconducting contact portion may be simultaneously established when the electrodes are brought into contact with each other. The persistent current flows through the superconducting contact portion in the normal state, but the current is swiftly diverted to the highly conductive contact portion when the S-N transition takes place owing to the deterioration of the critical current value of the superconductor due to the sudden change in conduction current or the application of external magnetic field so that the rapid attenuation of the persistent current can be prevented.
摘要翻译： 一种持续电流开关，其适于将超导线圈的端部连接在一起并使其端部断开，其包括真空壳体和设置在真空壳体中的彼此相对关系的至少一对电极。 每个电极设置有高纯度金属的高导电性接触部分，其在极低温度下具有非常小的电阻率，并且至少一个超导材料的超导接触部分在各个电极中彼此对准，使得并联电流 当电极彼此接触时，可以同时建立高导电性接触部分和超导接触部分的路径。 持续电流在正常状态下流过超导接触部分，但是当由于超导体的临界电流值由于突然变化而导致的SN转变发生时，电流迅速转移到高导电性接触部分 传导电流或外部磁场的应用，从而可以防止持续电流的快速衰减。
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公开(公告)号：US3440376A
公开(公告)日：1969-04-22
申请号：US3440376D
申请日：1966-03-14
发明人： RABINOWITZ MARIO
CPC分类号： H01H33/004 , H01H33/66 , Y10S505/882
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公开(公告)号：US3381175A
公开(公告)日：1968-04-30
申请号：US39467664
申请日：1964-09-08
CPC分类号： H02H3/021 , H01H33/004 , H01L39/20 , H02H9/023 , H03K3/38 , Y02E40/69 , Y10S505/86
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公开(公告)号：US5153804A
公开(公告)日：1992-10-06
申请号：US690422
申请日：1991-04-24
CPC分类号： H02H9/023 , H01H33/004 , H01F2006/001 , Y02E40/69 , Y10S505/85 , Y10S505/891
摘要： A hybrid current limiter comprising a first winding of non-superconducting conductive material having a large number of turns and electrically connected in series with a superconductoring coil of low self-inductance and placed in a cryostat, and a second winding of non-superconducting conductive material having a small number of turns, said second winding being closely coupled with said first winding in such a manner as to obtain low overall inductance, the second winding being connected in parallel with the series circuit constituted by the first winding and the superconducting coil.
摘要翻译： 一种混合电流限制器，包括具有大量匝数的非超导导电材料的第一绕组，并且与低自感的超导体线圈串联并置于低温恒温器中，并且将非超导导电材料的第二绕组 所述第二绕组与所述第一绕组紧密耦合，以便获得低整体电感，所述第二绕组与由所述第一绕组和所述超导线圈构成的串联电路并联连接。
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5.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4635015A
公开(公告)日：1987-01-06
申请号：US694775
申请日：1985-01-25
申请人： Holger Franksen
发明人： Holger Franksen
CPC分类号： H01L39/20 , H01H33/004 , Y10S336/01 , Y10S505/882
摘要： A switching device for shorting at least one superconducting magnet winding contains at least two contacts which can be cooled by a cryogenic medium and joined together by means of an actuator in such a manner that a superconducting current path and a normally conducting current path which completely stabilizes the superconducting current path are developed. The switching device exhibits a relatively large ohmic resistance in its open switch state. To this end, a current path with at least one partially stabilized superconductor with a resistance of at least 200 ohms in the normally conducting state of the superconductor and which is always closed is provided. A predetermined number of turns of the partially stabilized superconductor is connected to a switchable heating device in thermal contact therewith and electrically insulated therefrom. In addition, at least two contacts of normally conducting material are provided, each of which can be connected to the magnet winding via an electric conductor. The normally conducting contacts are joined to the partially stabilized superconductor in such a manner that the sections of the superconductor extending between these contacts are connected in parallel, at least partially, by the contacts when the switch is closed.
摘要翻译： 用于使至少一个超导磁体绕组短路的开关装置包含至少两个触点，其可以由低温介质冷却并通过致动器以这样的方式连接在一起，使得完全稳定的超导电流通路和正常导通的电流通路 开发了超导电流路径。 开关器件在其开路状态下表现出相当大的欧姆电阻。 为此，提供了在超导体的正常导通状态下始终关闭的具有至少一个部分稳定的超导体的电流通路，其电阻至少为200欧姆。 部分稳定的超导体的预定匝数连接到与其热接触并与其电绝缘的可切换加热装置。 此外，提供了常规导电材料的至少两个触头，每个触点可经由导电体连接到磁体绕组。 正常导电触头以这样的方式接合到部分稳定的超导体，使得当开关闭合时，在这些触点之间延伸的超导体的部分至少部分地由触头并联连接。
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公开(公告)号：US3736439A
公开(公告)日：1973-05-29
申请号：US16531071
申请日：1971-07-22
申请人： SIEMENS AG
发明人： KESSELRING F
CPC分类号： H02H3/021 , H01H33/004 , H01H33/161 , H01H33/285 , H01H2033/163 , H02H9/02 , Y10T307/918
摘要： A circuit interrupter is provided with a parallel-connected resistor which is cooled to a temperature of from 4* K to 80* K, but higher than the critical temperature of the resistance material. The resistor is connected in parallel with the circuit interrupter contacts at either an arbitrary time or just prior to a current zero value. The heating of the resistor during currentlimiting operation increases its resistivity by about 100 times.
摘要翻译： 电路断续器设有并联电阻器，其被冷却至4℃至80℃的温度，但高于电阻材料的临界温度。 电阻器与电路断续器触点并联连接在任意时间或恰好在当前零值之前。 限流运行期间电阻的加热使其电阻率提高约100倍。
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公开(公告)号：US3349209A
公开(公告)日：1967-10-24
申请号：US54542566
申请日：1966-04-26
申请人： AVCO CORP
发明人： ZAR JACOB L
CPC分类号： H01R35/00 , H01H1/02 , H01H33/004 , Y10S505/882
摘要： 1,138,829. Switch contacts; mechanical switches; superconductors. AVCO CORP. 28 Feb., 1967 [26 April, 1966], No. 9564/67. Headings H1K and H1N. An electrical switch for use at cryogenic temperatures has two contacts each of which comprises a surface of non-superconductive metal and a superconductor electrically connected to the surface, and switch-closing means for placing the surfaces in contact with one another under such pressure that substantially minimum contact resistance is provided between the surfaces. Switch blade 21 comprises two conductors 34, 35 each consisting of copper coated wires (36) of superconductive material such as niobium-zirconium embedded in a copper ribbon (37) with its outer face 34b, 35b plated with silver, gold, indium or tin, the two conductors 34, 35 placed together with the plated surfaces 34b, 35b outwardly and with a metal strengthener 45 between them for the operative part of their length. Switch block 22 comprises conductors 51, 52 substantially identical with conductors 34, 35, mounted in insulating blocks 53, 54 for sliding movement on rods 55, 56. Switch blade 21 is fixed to base 42 at 41 by blocks 43 and one end is raised or lowered by plunger 23. To close the switch, plunger 23 is pushed down to bring conductors 34, 35 into register with conductors 51, 52, then shaft 25 is rotated to actuate cams 27 and through pressure plates 28 force blocks 53 and 54 towards blade 21 and lock them in position. Blocks 53, 54 may be spring loaded to urge them away from blade 21 when in the unlocked position to eliminate or reduce sliding contact between the conductors when blade 21 is being raised or lowered. A graph is given of surface resistivity over contact pressure for the different surface materials at 4À2‹ K. In a modification only one conductor 34 or 35 and one conductor 51 or 52 may be provided, plunger 23 and shaft 25 may be actuated by a single operation and one or more conductors may be arranged to move in a direction normal to their surfaces. The switch is intended for use suspended with a superconducting coil (1) in liquid helium (10) to act as a shunt across the coil.
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公开(公告)号：US09741480B2
公开(公告)日：2017-08-22
申请号：US14375566
申请日：2013-01-18
申请人： SIEMENS PLC
CPC分类号： H01F6/06 , F25D19/006 , H01F6/008 , H01F6/04 , H01H33/004
摘要： A mechanically operating superconducting switch has two superconducting wires, a respective end of each superconducting wire being embedded in a respective block of superconducting material. A mechanical arrangement is provided for driving respective contact surfaces of the blocks into physical contact with each other, and for separating those services.
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公开(公告)号：US06870452B2
公开(公告)日：2005-03-22
申请号：US10057819
申请日：2002-01-25
申请人： Masaru Tomita , Masato Murakami , Koichiro Sawa
发明人： Masaru Tomita , Masato Murakami , Koichiro Sawa
CPC分类号： H01L39/2474 , H01H33/004
摘要： In order to provide an inexpensive mechanical persistent current switch with a short operation time and a large capacity without causing energy loss, a mechanical persistent current switch comprises a bulk member which is made of RE—Ba—Cu—O superconductor (RE is a rare earth element), connector material, and the bulk member made of RE—Ba—Cu—O superconductor is made by a melt process in which resin is impregnated, and an current terminal and a voltage terminal pasted onto the bulk member.
摘要翻译： 为了提供具有短的操作时间和大容量而不会造成能量损失的廉价的机械持续电流开关，机械持续电流开关包括由RE-Ba-Cu-O超导体制成的体部件（RE是罕见的 接地元件），连接器材料和由RE-Ba-Cu-O超导体制成的块体通过浸渍树脂的熔融法制成，并且将电流端子和电压端子粘贴到散装件上。
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公开(公告)号：US3596349A
公开(公告)日：1971-08-03
申请号：US3596349D
申请日：1968-05-02
CPC分类号： H01B12/08 , H01F6/06 , H01H33/004 , H01L39/2406 , Y02E40/641 , Y10S505/928 , Y10T29/49014 , Y10T29/49801
摘要： A method of fabricating a unitary superconducting multistrand conductor. The method includes coating a plurality of fine superconducting wires with a normal metal having ductility characteristics similar with those of the superconducting metal, assembling the coated wires in a close-packed array, and swagging the array so that the metal coatings of the wires form a conductive continuous matrix in which the wires are solidly embedded.
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