摘要:
The invention relates to a gas diffusion electrode (1) comprising a hydrophobic gas diffusion layer (3b), a reaction layer (3a), and a hydrophilic layer (5) arranged in the mentioned order wherein the reaction layer (3a) is arranged to a barrier layer (4), which barrier layer (4), on its opposite side, is arranged to the hydrophilic layer (5). The invention also relates to a method for manufacturing such a gas diffusion electrode (1), and to an electrolytic cell, and use thereof.
摘要:
An anode for the electrolysis of aluminium made from an outer dense layer of a ceramic material on a dense core made from a composite of the ceramic material of the outer layer and an electronic conductor.
摘要:
There is disclosed a method for cooper electrowinning and a modified lead electrode for use in such method. The modified electrode is suitable for use as an oxygen anode in low current density, oxygen-evolving applications.
摘要:
A locally distributed electrode is made by placing a conducting metallic oxide layer and a counter electrode in contact with a noble metal electroplating solution and applying a negative potential to the metallic oxide layer relative to the counter electrode, such that the noble metal is electrodeposited from the solution preferentially at defect sites on a surface of the metallic oxide layer. The noble metal nuclei are selectively electrodeposited at the defect sites to form a locally distributed electrode made up of a dot matrix of metallic islands. For reversible electrochemical mirror (REM) devices, the presence of the noble metal renders mirror metal electrodeposition at the defect sites reversible so that the defects become part of the dot matrix electrode and extraneous deposition of the mirror metal on the conducting metallic oxide is avoided. This method avoids the use of expensive photolithography, is readily scalable to large areas, and produces electrodes that offer the optimum compromise between high current carrying capability and high light transmission.
摘要:
An anode assembly for insertion in a gap between a section of reinforced concrete and another solid structure, which may be another section of concrete, comprises an anode attached to a body of deformable material which is preferably resiliently deformable, whereby, when the assembly is inserted into the gap, the anode is pressed into electrical contact with the concrete surface. Preferably means are provided to expand the body of deformable material to press the anode into contact with the concrete which may comprise a slot in the body of deformable material and a strip of size greater than the slot for insertion into the slot, the strip preferably being coated with a friction reducing material or a cavity in the body which cavity can be inflated by the admission of a fluid thereto or a deformed resilient member under a constraint expandable in the direction of the gap on removal of the constraint or a hydrophilic member expandable on contact with water.
摘要:
Preferred electrode devices (10) including a substrate (11) and cathode (13) and anode material (12) coated thereon in discreet locations are described. The cathode materials desirably include multiple layers of thin metal films (14). Preferred cell devices including conductive elements and a solid state source of charged ions for migration into and through the conductive elements are also described.
摘要:
The invention concerns a microporous diaphragm obtainable by filtering through a porous support, an aqueous dispersion free of asbestos fibres and titanate fibres, comprising organic fibres, at least a binding agent selected among halogenated polymers, at least a pore-forming agent and mineral particles with non-fibrous structure. The invention also concerns a combination comprising said diaphragm and a fibrous mat obtainable by filtration deposit through a porous support of a dispersion comprising fibres whereof part is electrically conductive, at least a binding agent selected among halogenated polymers, at least an electrolytic agent, at least a pore-forming agent. The invention further concerns the preparation of the diaphragm and the combination, and the use thereof to obtain an alkali metal hydroxide solution by electrolysis of aqueous alkali metal halide solutions.
摘要:
Carbon-containing components of cells for the production of aluminium by the electrolysis of alumina dissolved in a cryolite-based molten electrolyte are protected from attack by liquid and/or gaseous components of the electrolyte in the form of elements, ions or compounds, by a refractory boride coating applied from a slurry composed of pre-formed particulate refractory boride in a colloidal carrier which is dried and heated to consolidate the coating.