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    Method for hydrotreating and upgrading heavy crude oil during production
    1.
    发明授权
    Method for hydrotreating and upgrading heavy crude oil during production 失效
    生产过程中重质原油的加氢处理和升级方法

    公开(公告)号：US5824214A

    公开(公告)日：1998-10-20

    申请号：US504052

    申请日：1995-07-11

    申请人： James M. Paul ,  R. Michael Davis

    发明人： James M. Paul ,  R. Michael Davis

    IPC分类号： C10G15/08 ,  C10G45/24 ,  C10G45/26 ,  E21B43/00 ,  E21B43/16 ,  C01G47/00 ,  C09K7/00 ,  C01B53/00

    CPC分类号： C10G15/08 ,  C10G45/24 ,  C10G45/26 ,  E21B43/003 ,  E21B43/162

    摘要： Heavy crude oil containing at least 1% by weight water is hydrotreated and upgraded while being produced downhole in a production well. During production the heavy crude oil containing water is subjected to sonic energy at a low frequency of 400 Hz to 10 kHz downhole in the presence of a metal hydrogenation catalyst that causes the water in the crude oil to react and form hydrogen which then hydrotreats and upgrades the heavy crude oil during production. In another embodiment, if the heavy crude oil does not contain water, the hydrogen may be formed in-situ by contacting the heavy crude oil downhole with a chemical compound comprising ammonia, hydrazine and formic acid that in the presence of a metal hydrogenation catalyst and sonic energy causes the chemical compound to react and form hydrogen which then hydrotreats the heavy crude oil during production. Suitable catalysts include nickel on zinc dust, platinum on carbon and palladium on carbon, preferably nickel on zinc dust. The hydrotreated and upgraded heavy crude oil has improved properties making it easier to refine and transport by pipeline. The upgrading includes reducing the amount of asphaltenes and resins in the heavy crude oil and increasing the amount of aromatics and saturates.

    摘要翻译： 含有至少1重量％水的重质原油在生产井中生产井下时进行加氢处理和升级。 在生产过程中，在金属加氢催化剂存在下，含水的重质原油在400Hz至10kHz的低频率下经受声能，其导致原油中的水反应并形成氢气，然后进行加氢处理和升级 生产中的重质原油。 在另一个实施方案中，如果重质原油不含水，则可以通过使井下的重质原油与包含氨，肼和甲酸的化合物接触来原位形成氢，所述化合物在金属氢化催化剂存在下和 声能导致化合物反应并形成氢气，然后在生产过程中对重质原油进行加氢处理。 合适的催化剂包括锌粉上的镍，碳上的铂和碳上的钯，优选在锌粉上的镍。 加氢处理和升级的重质原油具有改进的性质，使其更容易通过管道精炼和运输。 升级包括减少重质原油中沥青质和树脂的数量，增加芳烃和饱和物的用量。

    Hydrodesulfurization over catalysts comprising chalcogenides of group VIII prepared by low temperature precipitation from nonaqueous solution
    4.
    发明授权
    Hydrodesulfurization over catalysts comprising chalcogenides of group VIII prepared by low temperature precipitation from nonaqueous solution 失效
    包括通过从非水溶液中低温沉淀制备的第Ⅷ族硫族化物的催化剂的加氢脱硫

    公开(公告)号：US4279737A

    公开(公告)日：1981-07-21

    申请号：US124956

    申请日：1980-02-26

    申请人： Russell R. Chianelli ,  Theresa Pecoraro

    发明人： Russell R. Chianelli ,  Theresa Pecoraro

    IPC分类号： B01J27/045 ,  B01J37/02 ,  C10G45/10 ,  C10G45/16 ,  C10G45/24 ,  C10G45/52

    CPC分类号： C10G45/10 ,  B01J27/045 ,  B01J37/0201 ,  C10G45/16 ,  C10G45/24

    摘要： A method is described for the preparation of chalcogenides of ruthenium, rhodium, osmium and iridium transition metals of the Periodic Table of the Elements which comprises mixing in the absence of an aqueous solvent a Group VIII transition metal salt with a source of chalcogenide, said chalcogenide being selected from the group consisting of sulfur, selenium, tellurium and mixtures thereof, yielding a precipitate of the formula MX.sub.y wherein M is selected from the group consisting of ruthenium, rhodium, osmium and iridium, X is sulfur, selenium, tellurium and mixtures thereof and y is a number ranging from about 0.1 to about 3, preferably 0.1 to about 2.5. By the practice of the nonaqueous synthesis technique, Group VIII chalcogenides are prepared which are finely divided, have a high surface area, small particle size and small crystallite size which are also free of excess sulfur, water and/or hydrolysis products. This technique also permits the preparation of a heretofore unobtainable composition, layered stoichiometric osmium disulfide. The precipitates which result as a consequence of the instant process may be cleansed of any anion salt coproduct by any technique common to the art, pumping under vacuum being one such technique, washing with a suitable solvent being another.Compounds of the formula MX.sub.y wherein M, X and y are as defined above, prepared by the low temperature, nonaqueous precipitation technique herein disclosed are superior sulfur-tolerant catalysts in catalytic processes, for example, hydrodesulfurization, hydrodenitrogenation, hydroconversion, hydrogenation.

    摘要翻译： 描述了用于制备元素周期表的钌，铑，锇和铱过渡金属的硫族化物的方法，该方法包括在不存在含水溶剂的情况下混合第VIII族过渡金属盐与硫族化物源，所述硫族化物 选自硫，硒，碲及其混合物，得到式MXy的沉淀物，其中M选自钌，铑，锇和铱，X是硫，硒，碲及其混合物 y为约0.1至约3，优选为0.1至约2.5的数。 通过非水合成技术的实践，制备了细分的，具有高表面积，小颗粒尺寸和小微晶尺寸的第VIII族硫属化物，其也不含过量的硫，水和/或水解产物。 这种技术还允许制备迄今无法获得的组合物，层状化学计量的二硫化锇。 作为本发明的结果而导致的沉淀物可以通过本领域普通技术的任何技术清洗任何阴离子盐副产物，在真空下抽真空是一种这样的技术，用合适的溶剂洗涤另一种。 通过本文公开的低温非水沉淀技术制备的其中M，X和y如上所定义的式MXy的化合物是催化方法中的优异的耐硫催化剂，例如加氢脱硫，加氢脱氮，加氢转化，氢化。

    TREATMENT OF CRUDE OIL FRACTIONS, FOSSIL FUELS, AND PRODUCTS THEREOF
    9.
    发明申请
    TREATMENT OF CRUDE OIL FRACTIONS, FOSSIL FUELS, AND PRODUCTS THEREOF 有权
    原油油馏分处理，石油燃料及其制品

    公开(公告)号：US20110108465A1

    公开(公告)日：2011-05-12

    申请号：US13008608

    申请日：2011-01-18

    申请人： MARK CULLEN

    发明人： MARK CULLEN

    IPC分类号： C10G45/24

    CPC分类号： C10G27/04 ,  C10G27/12 ,  C10G31/00 ,  C10G45/02 ,  C10G45/58 ,  C10G2300/1033 ,  C10G2300/202

    摘要： In crude oil fractions, fossil fuels, and organic liquids in general in which it is desirable to reduce the levels of sulfur-containing and nitrogen-containing components, the process reduces the level of these compounds via the application of heat, an oxidizing agent and, preferably, sonic energy. The invention is performed either as a continuous process or a batch process, and may further include optional steps of centrifugation or hydrodesulfurization.

    摘要翻译： 在原油馏分，化石燃料和有机液体中，通常希望降低含硫和含氮组分的含量，该方法通过加热，氧化剂和 ，最好是声能。 本发明作为连续方法或分批方法进行，还可以包括任选的离心或加氢脱硫步骤。

    Dehydroxylation and/or demercaptolation of heavy petroleum oils
    10.
    发明授权
    Dehydroxylation and/or demercaptolation of heavy petroleum oils 失效
    重质石油的脱羟基化和/或去除二氧化碳

    公开(公告)号：US4293404A

    公开(公告)日：1981-10-06

    申请号：US170406

    申请日：1980-07-21

    申请人： Malvina Farcasiu ,  Darrell D. Whitehurst

    发明人： Malvina Farcasiu ,  Darrell D. Whitehurst

    IPC分类号： C10G45/50 ,  C10G45/24 ,  C10G45/28

    CPC分类号： C10G45/50

    摘要： The phenolic oxygen and/or the thiol sulfur present in the polycyclic aromatic compounds in a heavy oil, such as vacuum pipestill bottoms, crude oil, reduced crude, residual oil or tar sands oil, can be removed as H.sub.2 O and/or H.sub.2 S by contacting the heavy oil with a hydrogen donor at an elevated temperature in the presence of a specified catalyst.

    摘要翻译： 存在于重油中的多环芳族化合物中的酚氧和/或硫醇硫，例如真空管道塔底物，原油，还原的粗油，残油或焦油砂油，可以通过接触作为H 2 O和/或H 2 S除去 在特定的催化剂存在下，在升高的温度下，使用氢供体的重油。