摘要:
A cement kiln burner device includes a powdered-solid-fuel flow channel having means for swirling a powdered-solid-fuel flow; a first air flow channel placed inside the powdered-solid-fuel flow channel to be adjacent to the powdered-solid-fuel flow channel having means for swirling an air flow; a second air flow channel placed in an outermost side outside the powdered-solid-fuel flow channel having means for straightly forwarding an air flow; and a combustible-solid-waste flow channel placed inside the first air flow channel. The second air flow channel is divided in a circumferential direction into four or more opening portions adapted to form ports for injecting air flows, and is configured to control flow rates of the air flows ejected from the opening portions, independently for each opening portion.
摘要:
There is provided a combustible waste injection device and a method for operating the same which can suppress a landing combustion of a combustible waste and suppress excessive change of a flame state from a cement kiln burner even if a rate of using the combustible waste fluctuates. A combustible waste injection device according to the present invention has a combustible waste flow channel which is arranged in an inner side of the air flow channel in an innermost shell, is installed in parallel to an axial direction of the cement kiln burner device and is provided for flow feeding a combustible waste flow, and the combustible waste flow channel has an inclined surface having a rising slope toward the injection port near the injection port in such a manner that a flow channel width in a vertical direction is narrowed toward the injection port.
摘要:
Method of operating a long direct-fired inclined counterflow rotary kiln for the thermal treatment of material and counterflow rotary kiln adapted for same, whereby material to be treated is introduced into the kiln at the inlet end and treated material is evacuated from the kiln at the outlet end, whereby a main combustion zone extends inside the kiln over a distance of ¼ to ⅓ of the internal length Lint of the kiln, whereby a supplementary combustion zone in which supplementary combustion takes place with an oxygen-rich oxidant extends inside the kiln over a distance from the inlet end of at most ¼ of the internal length Lint, and whereby no combustion takes place in a heat exchange zone located between the main combustion zone and the supplementary combustion zone.
摘要:
A material heating device comprises a rotary kiln, a plurality of heat exchange tubes, a hot air hood, a high-temperature gas input mechanism, an exhaust-gas collecting chamber, and an exhaust-gas output pipeline. The rotary kiln is provided with a material feed end and a material discharge end. The heat exchange tubes are in the rotary kiln. The hot air hood is outside the rotary kiln. The air inlet ends of the heat exchange tubes communicate with the hot air hood, and the air outlet ends of the heat exchange tubes communicate with the exhaust-gas collecting chamber. The exhaust-gas collecting chamber communicates with the exhaust-gas output pipeline. The hot air hood communicates with the high-temperature gas input mechanism, and the cavity between the heat exchange tubes and the heat insulation layer of the rotary kiln is a material channel. The heat exchange tubes are directly in contact with the material.
摘要:
A gas inerting system and method is provided. This system includes a rotary melting furnace with a furnace barrel, a burner, and a charge of metal to be melted; and an injection manifold with a plurality of injection orifices. The burner is configured to produce a flame directed into the furnace barrel, and the plurality of injection orifices are configured to disperse inert gas streams into the furnace barrel, into an inerting region between the burner flame and the charge of aluminum. The metal to be melted may be aluminum. The method of inerting includes rotating the rotary furnace and introducing heat into the furnace barrel by generating the flame, thereby beginning a melt cycle, then introducing the inert gas streams into an inlet to the injection manifold, thereby directing the inert gas streams through the injection orifices and into the inerting region, after a predetermined condition has been met.
摘要:
A selective oxy-fuel burner for mounting in a charge door of a rotary furnace, including at least two burner elements each oriented to fire into different portions of the furnace, each burner element including a selective distribution nozzle configured to flow a first reactant; and a proportional distribution nozzle configured to flow a second reactant; at least one sensor to detect one or more process parameters related to furnace operation; and a controller programmed to independently control the first reactant flow to each selective distribution nozzle based on the detected process parameters such that at least one burner element is active and at least one burner element is passive; wherein the second reactant is substantially proportionally distributed to the proportional distribution nozzles; and wherein the first reactant is one of a fuel and an oxidant and wherein the second reactant is the other of a fuel and an oxidant.
摘要:
A method and system for thermal processing of a material conveyed in a rotary kiln with a rotatable kiln drum, the drum wall of which delimits a heatable drum chamber, from a drum inlet to a drum outlet of the kiln drum. The drum chamber is heated directly by conducting a heating gas into the drum chamber. The drum chamber is also heated indirectly by warming the drum wall at least in areas.
摘要:
A shallow p-n junction diffusion layer having a high activation rate of implanted ions, low resistivity, and a controlled leakage current is formed through annealing. Annealing after impurities have been doped is carried out through light irradiation. Those impurities are activated by annealing at least twice through light irradiation after doping impurities to a semiconductor substrate 11. The light radiations are characterized by usage of a W halogen lamp RTA or a flash lamp FLA except for the final light irradiation using a flash lamp FLA. Impurity diffusion maybe controlled to a minimum, and crystal defects, which have developed in an impurity doping process, may be sufficiently reduced when forming ion implanted layers in a source and a drain extension region of the MOSFET or ion implanted layers in a source and a drain region.
摘要:
A method and apparatus is described for environmentally sound usage of combustible hazardous waste as supplemental fuel in operating rotary cement kilns. The apparatus comprises an open port in the rotary vessel at a point where during cement kiln operation the in-process mineral material is in a calcining state and where kiln gas temperatures are sufficient to decompose volatile components of the waste fuel. A drop tube extending from the port into the kiln is provided to prevent in-process mineral from escaping through the port during rotation of the rotary vessel. Combustible solids are delivered through the port under the force of gravity and air is continuously drawn into the rotary vessel through the open port during kiln operation. The apparatus and method allow efficient usage of combustible solid waste as a supplemental fuel for cement kiln operation.
摘要:
Waste tires are disposed of in a cement-manufacturing or other mineral-burning process by introducing the tires into the hot gas stream at at least one point between the mineral-inlet end of a rotary kiln and the lowermost cyclone of an associated preheater system, e.g. into the gas stream within a precalciner vessel or riser duct, the tires being maintained in contact with the hot gas for a sufficient period to effect at least partial combustion of the tires. As an alternative, the tires may be introduced into a Lepol grate preheater.