摘要:
Process for writing on a material, in which said material is irradiated by means of a beam of light ions, such as for example Henull ions, said beam of light ions having an energy of the order of or less than a hundred keV, wherein this material comprises a plurality of superposed thin-layers, at least one of said thin layers being magnetic and in that one or more regions having sizes of the order of 1 micrometer or less are irradiated, the irradiation dose being controlled so as to be a few 1016 ions/cm2 or less, the irradiation modifying the composition of atomic planes in the material at one or more interfaces between two layers of the latter.
摘要翻译:在材料上书写的方法,其中所述材料通过光离子束例如He +离子照射,所述光束离子具有等于或小于百keV的能量 其中,所述材料包括多个重叠的薄层,所述薄层中的至少一个是磁性的,并且照射一个或多个尺寸为1微米或更小的尺寸的一个或多个区域,照射剂量被控制为 为几十个离子/ cm 2以下,照射改变材料中原子平面的组成在两层之间的一个或多个界面处。
摘要:
In order to improve a responsiveness of the radiation cooling and to switch a cooling position, an exposure apparatus for exposing an object includes a cooling mechanism for radiation-cooling the object, and a regulator for regulating a radiant heat transfer amount between said cooling mechanism and the object.
摘要:
Microfabrication methods and devices in which microscale structural elements are provided in an intermediate polymer layer between two planar substrates. Preferred aspects utilize photoimagable or ablatable polymer layers as the intermediate polymer layer.
摘要:
There is provided a method of forming, on a substrate, a fine resist pattern comprising a step for forming a photosensitive layer by using a photo-sensitive composition comprising at least a compound generating an acid by irradiation of light and a fluorine-containing polymer, in which the fluorine-containing polymer is represented by the formula (1): -(M1)-(M2)-(A1)- nullnull(1) wherein the structural unit M1 is a structural unit derived from a fluorine-containing monomer, in which at least one fluorine atom is bonded to any of carbon atoms forming the polymer trunk chain, the structural unit M2 is a structural unit having an aliphatic ring structure in the polymer trunk chain, the structural unit A1 is a structural unit derived from a monomer copolymerizable with the monomers to introduce the structural units M1 and M2, provided that at least any one of the structural units M1, M2 and A1 has an acid-reactive functional group Y, and contents of the structural units M1, M2 and A1 are from 1 to 99% by mole, from 1 to 99% by mole and from 0 to 98% by mole, respectively, and the polymer satisfies Equation (X): NT/(NCnullNOnull4NF2)null2.0, wherein NT is a compositional average number of whole atoms constituting the fluorine-containing polymer, NC is a compositional average number of carbon atoms, NO is a compositional average number of oxygen atoms and NF is a compositional average number of fluorine atoms bonded to carbon atoms of the polymer trunk chain and bonded to carbon atoms forming an aliphatic ring structure among fluorine atoms which constitute the fluorine-containing polymer. In the method of forming a fine pattern, the photosensitive composition having high practicality and prepared using a material having high transparency against exposure light having a short wavelength such as F2 laser beam is used as a resist.
摘要:
A platesetter may have an optical imaging head which includes a diffractive modulator having individually controlled ribbons associated with individual pixels imaged onto a printing plate. One method for reducing artifacts transferred to a medium includes the steps of: determining values of intensity versus pulse width variations for each ribbon of the modulator based upon empirical data; weighting the determined values according to a predetermined weighting factor dependent upon physical, optical, chemical and structural characteristics of a printing plate to yield an image on the printing plate having minimum visible artifacts; and applying the weighted values to ribbon drivers of the modulator.
摘要:
A phase shift mask includes a first non-phase shift region, a first phase shift region adjacent the first non-phase shift region, a second non-phase shift region, a second phase shift region adjacent the second non-phase shift region, and an opaque region interposed between said second phase shift and non-phase shift regions. The first and second non-phase shift regions transmit an exposure light at its original phase, whereas the first and second phase shift regions invert the phase of the exposure light. The phase shift mask is manufactured by first forming a layer of opaque material on a transparent mask substrate. The first phase shift region and the second phase and non-phase shift regions are formed by selectively etching the opaque material and underlying portions of the mask substrate to form recesses in the substrate. On the other hand, only the opaque layer is etched from the mask substrate to form the first non-phase shift region, and is left on the substrate between the second phase shift and non-phase shift regions.
摘要:
Systems devices and methods in accordance with the invention impart high strength index of refraction patterns to photosensitive optical devices, such as Bragg gratings written in optical fibers. A length of small diameter fiber retaining photosensitivity is fabricated by flame elongation of an optical fiber precursor having dopant containing cladding, using a diffuse, low velocity inverted flame that does not introduce water, OH or H2 into the fiber. By varying the flame velocity during each scan the fiber is diminished to a small, uniform diameter, waist region. Photosensitivity is preserved and enhanced by exposure of the prepared waist region to scanning actinic illumination within an in-diffusing environment of pressurizing hydrogen or deuterium, and controlling the exposure to optimize the photo-induced index change.
摘要:
A method of dividing a non-metal substrate having a first surface and a second surface formed parallel to the first surface, comprising: a deteriorated layer forming step for forming a deteriorated layer in the inside of the non-metal substrate along dividing lines by applying a laser beam capable of passing through the non-metal substrate from the first surface side with its converging point on the inside thereof; and a deteriorated layer exposing step for exposing the deteriorated layer to the first surface by grinding the first surface side of the non-metal substrate having the deteriorated layer formed therein.
摘要:
A photomask pattern on a substrate is provided. The photomask pattern comprises a main pattern and a sub-resolution assistant feature. The sub-resolution assistant feature is located on the sides of the main pattern. Furthermore, the sub-resolution assistant feature comprises a first assistant feature and a second assistant feature. The first assistant feature is formed close to the main pattern and the second assistant feature is formed further away from the main pattern but adjacent to the first assistant feature. There is a phase difference of 180null between the first assistant feature and the main pattern. Similarly, there is a phase difference of 180null between the second assistant feature and the first assistant feature. Since the main pattern is bordered by reverse-phase assistant feature, exposure resolution of the photomask is increased.
摘要:
A reticle set, includes a first photomask having a circuit pattern provided with first and second openings provided adjacent to each other sandwiching a first opaque portion, and a monitor mark provided adjacent to the circuit pattern; and a second photomask having a trim pattern provided with a second opaque portion covering the first opaque portion in an area occupied by the circuit pattern and an extending portion connected to one end of the first opaque portion and extending outside the area when the second photomask is aligned with a pattern delineated on a substrate by the first photomask.