摘要:
A hydrophilizing agent for a hydrophobic porous membrane, wherein the agent contains a surfactant, and the surfactant has a frothability such that the bubble height immediately after frothing, as measured according to the Ross-Miles method (JIS K 3362), using a 0.1 wt % aqueous solution of the surfactant at 25° C., is 40 mm or less, and preferably has a frothability such that the bubble height five minutes after frothing is 20 mm or less; a method for hydrophilizing a hydrophobic porous membrane using this hydrophilizing agent; and a method for testing and hydrophilizing a membrane module using this hydrophilizing agent.
摘要翻译:用于疏水性多孔膜的亲水剂,其中所述试剂含有表面活性剂,并且所述表面活性剂具有可发泡性,使得根据Ross-Miles法(JIS K 3362)测量的起泡后的气泡高度使用0.1重量% 25℃下表面活性剂的%%水溶液为40mm以下,优选具有使发泡后5分钟以上的气泡高度为20mm以下的起泡性; 使用该亲水化剂使疏水性多孔膜亲水化的方法; 以及使用该亲水化剂对膜组件进行测试和亲水化的方法。
摘要:
A process for preparing at least one unsaturated alcohol (B) comprises the steps (I) to (III) below: (I) reaction of at least one alkali metal hydroxide or alkaline earth metal hydroxide with at least one alcohol (A) in at least one organic solvent (L) to give a mixture (G-I) comprising at least the alcohol (A), the solvent (L) and an alkoxide (AL); (II) reaction of at least one carbonyl compound of the formula R—CO—R′ with at least one alkyne of the formula R″—C≡C—H and the mixture (G-I) obtained in step (I) to give a mixture (G-II) comprising at least the alcohol (A), the solvent (L) and an unsaturated alcohol (B); (III) distillation of the mixture (G-II) obtained in step (II) to give the alcohol or alcohols (B) and a mixture (G-III) comprising the solvent (L) and the alcohol (A), wherein the solvent (L) obtained in step (III) and the alcohol (A) obtained in step (III) are recycled as a mixture to step (I).
摘要:
A process for manufacturing an alkynediol is disclosed. In this process, a C.sub.3-12 ketone is reacted with acetylene in the presence of potassium hydroxide in an C.sub.1-4 alkyl-tert-butyl ether solvent. The potassium hydroxide is used in a molar ratio, relative to the amount of ketone used, of from 1.0:1.0 to 1.6:1.0.
摘要:
Water-soluble polyacetylenic alkali metal salts from monomers and polymers of carboxymethyl urethanes of di-, tetra-, and hexayne diols, or from the corresponding diacids; useful in thermal and irradiation exposure indicators and/or in detection and/or removal of nonalkali metal ions dissolved in aqueous media.
摘要:
Water-soluble polyacetylenic alkali metal salts from monomers and polymers of carboxymethyl urethanes of di-, tetra-, and hexayne diols, or from the corresponding diacids; useful in thermal and irradiation exposure indicators and/or in detection and/or removal of nonalkali metal ions dissolved in aqueous media.
摘要:
An alkyne-10,15-diol is synthesized by coupling a 3-alkynol containing methyl groups by using as a catalyst a complex comprised of a halide of a metal of Group VII of the Periodic Table coordinated with an organic phosphorus compound.The so-obtained diol can be formed into squalane [2,6,10,15,19,23-hexamethyl tetracosane] by hydrogenolysis, a combination of hydrogenation and hydrogenolysis or a combination of hydrogenation, dehydration and hydrogenation.
摘要:
A process for performing, a coupling reaction between acetaldehyde and a terminal alkyne to yield a hydroxyalkyne is described comprising the steps of; (i) reacting without solvent, a terminal alkyne with a Lewis acidic metal salt in the presence of a alkanolamine ligand and a cyclic amine base to form a metal-alkyne complex, and (ii) adding a solution of acetaldehyde to the metal-alkyne complex.
摘要:
A process for the manufacture of an acetylenically unsaturated alcohol comprising reacting formaldehyde, an aldehyde or a ketone (a carbonyl compound) with acetylene in the presence of ammonia and a strongly basic macroporous anion exchange resin, the latter preferably featuring a polystyrene matrix and quaternary ammonium groups, preferably of type I or Type II. The reaction products, which depending on the starting carbonyl compound are propargyl alcohol or 1-monosubstituted or 1,1-disubstituted derivatives thereof, are of use as intermediates in the synthesis of many useful end products, inter alia in the field of vitamins and carotenoids.