Abstract:
The present invention relates to a micro-channel water-gas shift (WGS) reaction device for WGS for generating hydrogen and pre-combustion carbon capture and storage (CCS) from coal gassification, the device using a micro-channel heater and a through-type metal catalyst capable of rapidly dissipating heat generated during a first treatment (single-stage WGS reactor) of high concentration CO in a high temperature space.
Abstract:
There is herein described a Fischer-Tropsch reactor. More particularly, there is described a Fischer-Tropsch reactor that incorporates forced flow through a small pore, thick layer, monolith supported catalyst and high levels of heat transfer that is able to operate with high levels of catalyst effectiveness. The catalyst bed (103) is supported on a distinct porous structure (101) through which the syngas flow is forced and the catalyst layer has a thickness of more than 200 microns.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a reactor system, comprising a heat-exchange unit and a reaction unit that are assembled together into a structure. The heat-exchange unit has a plurality of plate or corrugated-plate heat exchangers, and is formed so as to attachable/detachable to/from the reaction unit and insertable into the latter. Accordingly, a catalyst may be attached to a heat-transfer surface of a heat exchanger by a washcoat method or the like, thus maximizing heat-transfer efficiency and enabling the easy removal or reattachment of the catalyst when the enabling the easy removal or reattachment of the catalyst at the end of the lifespan of the catalyst.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a heat generating unit (1) or heater, comprising a reactor (2), in which hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is split into water and oxygen by means of catalytic dissociation and heat is produced in the process. Embodiment examples concern, among other things: operation of the reactor (2) using the liquid and vapor phases (41, 42) of the catalyst fluid; operation of the reactor (2) using recirculating means (8, 15; 15'; 410) for the catalyst fluid (40, 41); an integrated catalyst heat exchanger module (11'); a preliminary heat exchanger (171) for transferring heat from a residual fluid (170) to the catalyst fluid (40, 41); and combination with a fuel cell or oxygen/hydrogen combustion. Advantages include heat production free of exhaust gas and optional electricity generation.
Abstract:
Surface-active solid-phase catalyst activity may be substantially improved by creating deliberate repetitive surface-to-surface contact between portions of the active surfaces of catalyst objects. While they are immersed in reactant material such contact between portions of the active surfaces of catalyst objects can substantially activate the surfaces of many heterogeneous catalysts. Examples are given of such action employing a multitude of predetermined shapes, supported catalyst structures, etc. agitated or otherwise brought into contact to produce numerous surface collisions. One embodiment employs a gear pump mechanism with catalytically active-surfaced gear teeth to create the repetitive transient contacting action during pumping of a flow of reactant. The invention is applicable to many other forms for creating transient catalytic surface contacting action. Optionally catalytic output of such systems may be significantly further improved by employing radiant energy or vibration.
Abstract:
Fluid disinfection apparatus (10) comprising a reservoir (12) for holding fluid (20) to be disinfected, a cylindrical roller member (14) and an array of (12) ultra violet lamps (16). The roller member (14) is partly received within the reservoir (12) and is thus partly submerged in the fluid (20). As the roller member (14) rotates (as indicated by the arrows), fluid (20) is picked up by the surface of the roller member (14) from the reservoir (12). The fluid (20) is dispersed into a film of fluid (20) across the surface (34a). The ultra violet (UV) lamps (16) are mercury arc discharge lamps which output UV light (10) including germicidal wavelengths: 220nm to 280nm. Exposure of the fluid film to the UV light kills or inactivates any micro-organisms within the fluid (20).
Abstract:
A device for stirring at least one liquid (90) includes a fluidics module (10) rotatable about an axis of rotation (110), a liquid chamber (100) for the liquid (90) within the fluidics module (10), means for introducing mutually separate phase volumes (136) of a phase different from the liquid (90), said phase volumes (136) comprising a different density than the liquid (90), into the liquid (90) within the liquid chamber (100), and a driving device (22) for subjecting the fluidics module (10) to such a rotation that the phase volumes (136) are moved radially inward or outward in relation to the axis of rotation (110) through the liquid (90) due to the different density of the phase volumes (136) and of the liquid (90) and due to the centrifugal forces caused by the rotation.
Abstract:
The invention is directed to a bimetallic catalyst system adapted for the manufacture of xylenes, a process for making said catalyst system, and to the process of manufacture of xylenes using said catalyst system, providing, in embodiments, improved selectivity by at least one of higher ethylene saturation and low xylene loss, decreased susceptibility to poisoning from feedstream impurities, and ability to operate at less severe conditions.
Abstract:
A novel catalytic reactor is provided for controlling the contact of a limiting reactant with a catalyst surface. A first flow vessel defines an interior surface and an exterior surface, and the interior surface has a catalyst deposited on at least a portion thereof. A second flow vessel is positioned within the first flow vessel and the second flow vessel defines a porous surface designed to deliver a fluid uniformly to at least a portion of the interior surface of the first flow vessel.