THERMALLY STABLE COCURRENT GASIFICATION SYSTEM AND ASSOCIATED METHODS
    91.
    发明申请
    THERMALLY STABLE COCURRENT GASIFICATION SYSTEM AND ASSOCIATED METHODS 审中-公开
    热稳定气化系统及相关方法

    公开(公告)号:WO2008103831A1

    公开(公告)日:2008-08-28

    申请号:PCT/US2008/054588

    申请日:2008-02-21

    Abstract: A method and apparatus, in one example, relates to a system and method for the generation of very low-tar, high-energy synthesis gas from a large variety of carbonaceous feedstock, including those with higher moisture levels than conventional gasifiers. The system comprises a gasification reactor (12) wherein a portion of the energy of the output syngas of the reactor is used to heat the gasification zone of the reactor (12) via an annular space (18) surrounding the gasification zone of the gasifier (12), to maintain a temperature condition above 800°C. The maintenance of a long, quasi-uniform high-temperature gasification zone reduces the amount of input air or oxygen, reduces bridging within the gasifier, cracks pyrolysis oils, increases the conversion of char, minimizes heat losses from the bed, and converts moisture within the packed bed (14) into a gasification medium. This results in a very low tar synthesis gas with less nitrogen dilution and higher energy content than conventional gasifiers. The reduction in bridging reduces operating costs.

    Abstract translation: 在一个实例中,一种方法和装置涉及用于从各种含碳原料生成非常低焦度,高能量的合成气的系统和方法,包括具有比常规气化器更高的水分含量的那些。 该系统包括气化反应器(12),其中反应器的输出合成气的一部分能量用于通过围绕气化器气化区的环形空间(18)来加热反应器(12)的气化区 12),以保持高于800℃的温度条件。 保持长期,准均匀的高温气化区减少输入空气或氧气的量,减少气化炉内的桥接,裂解裂解油,增加炭的转化率,最大限度地减少床上的热损失,并将水分转化为 填充床(14)进入气化介质。 这导致非常低的焦油合成气,比常规气化器具有更少的氮稀释和更高的能量含量。 桥接的减少降低了运营成本。

    VERFAHREN ZUM BETRIEB EINER GASTURBINE
    93.
    发明申请
    VERFAHREN ZUM BETRIEB EINER GASTURBINE 审中-公开
    方法操作燃气轮机

    公开(公告)号:WO2008065156A1

    公开(公告)日:2008-06-05

    申请号:PCT/EP2007/062986

    申请日:2007-11-29

    Abstract: Es wird ein Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Gasturbine (11) vorgestellt, welche insbesondere in einem Kombikraftwerk (30) eingesetzt ist, bei welchem Verfahren durch die Gasturbine (11) Luft angesaugt und verdichtet wird, die verdichtete Luft zur Verbrennung eines aus Kohle gewonnenen Syngases einer Brennkammer (18, 19) zugeführt wird, und die bei der Verbrennung entstehenden heissen Gase in einer nachfolgenden Turbine (16, 17) unter Verrichtung von Arbeit entspannt werden, wobei ein Teil der verdichteten Luft in Sauerstoff und Stickstoff zerlegt wird, und der Sauerstoff in einer Kohlevergasungsanlage (34) zur Erzeugung des Syngases eingesetzt wird. Bei einem solchen Verfahren wird eine Verringerung der NOx-Emission ohne merklichen Verlust an Leistung und Flexibilität des Betriebes dadurch erreicht, dass eine Gasturbine (11) mit Zwischenüberhitzung verwendet wird, welche zwei Brennkammern (18, 19) und zwei Turbinen (16, 17) umfasst, wobei in der ersten Brennkammer (18) Syngas unter Einsatz der verdichteten Luft verbrannt und die entstehenden heissen Gase in der ersten Turbine (16) entspannt werden, und wobei in der zweiten Brennkammer Syngas unter Einsatz der aus der ersten Turbine (16) kommenden Gase verbrannt und die entstehenden heissen Gase in der zweiten Turbine (17) entspannt werden, die beiden Brennkammern (18, 19) mit unverdünntem Syngas betrieben werden, und die Flammentemperatur (T F ) in der ersten Brennkammer (18) der Gasturbine (11) gegenüber dem Betrieb mit Erdgas (T NG ) abgesenkt wird, während die zweite Brennkammer (19) weitgehend im für Erdgas ausgelegten Normalbetrieb (T NG ) gefahren wird.

    Abstract translation: 它提出了一种方法,用于操作燃气涡轮机(11),其特别地用于在联合循环发电设备(30),在该方法中通过气体涡轮机(11),空气被吸入和压缩,被压缩的空气从煤中得到的合成气的燃烧 燃烧室(18,19)在随后的涡轮机被提供,并且在燃烧过程中所产生的热气体(16,17)与工作的性能,其特征在于,所述压缩空气的一部分被分离成氧和氮和氧在膨胀 煤气化装置(34)被用于产生合成气。 在这样的方法中的NOx排放的减少,而不在该性能和操作的灵活性显著损耗实现的燃气涡轮机(11)用于再加热该两个燃烧室(18,19)和两个涡轮(16,17) ,其中,在所述第一燃烧室使用压缩空气燃烧(18)的合成气和将所得的热气体在第一涡轮机(16)在所述第二燃烧室的合成气来使用膨胀,并且其中所述从所述第一涡轮机(16) 燃烧后气体和将所得的热的气体在第二涡轮机(17)放松,两个燃烧室(18,19)与未稀释的合成气操作,并且火焰温度(T ˚F)在第一燃烧室( 18)的燃气涡轮机(11)相对于所述操作(利用气体Ť的NG )被降低,而第二燃烧室(19),主要(如设计用于天然气正常操作,T NG ) 发现 Ahren是。

    PROCESS AND SYSTEM FOR GASIFICATION WITH IN-SITU TAR REMOVAL
    94.
    发明申请
    PROCESS AND SYSTEM FOR GASIFICATION WITH IN-SITU TAR REMOVAL 审中-公开
    用于清除地面气体的过程和系统

    公开(公告)号:WO2007048058A2

    公开(公告)日:2007-04-26

    申请号:PCT/US2006/041435

    申请日:2006-10-23

    Abstract: The present invention relates to a process and system for gasifying biomass or other carbonaceous feedstocks in an indirectly heated gasifÊer and provides a method for the elimination of condensable organic materials (tars) from the resulting product gas with an integrated tar removal step. More specifically, this tar removal step utilizes the circulating heat carrier to crack the organics and produce additional product gas. As a benefit of the above process, and because the heat carrier circulates through alternating steam and oxidizing zones in the process, deactivation of the cracking reactions is eliminated.

    Abstract translation: 本发明涉及用于在间接加热的气化器中气化生物质或其它含碳原料的方法和系统,并且提供了一种用于从所得产物气体中消除具有一体焦油去除步骤的可冷凝有机材料(焦油)的方法。 更具体地,该焦油去除步骤利用循环热载体来裂开有机物并产生另外的产物气体。 作为上述方法的益处,并且由于热载体在该过程中通过交替的蒸汽和氧化区循环,消除了裂化反应的失活。

    METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR PRODUCING FUEL FROM A HEAVY HYDROCARBON FEEDSTOCK
    97.
    发明申请
    METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR PRODUCING FUEL FROM A HEAVY HYDROCARBON FEEDSTOCK 审中-公开
    从重型油料生产燃料的方法和系统

    公开(公告)号:WO1998000477A1

    公开(公告)日:1998-01-08

    申请号:PCT/US1997010964

    申请日:1997-06-25

    Abstract: A method of providing fuel suitable for the generation of electrical power, which comprises: (i) subjecting a heavy hydrocarbon feedstock to delayed coking to yield coke and liquid hydrocarbon output; (ii) gasifying coke, produced in step (i), to yield synthesis gas; (iii) removing hydrogen sulfide from synthesis gas produced in step (ii); (iv) recovering hydrogen from synthesis gas subjected to the hydrogen-sulfide-removal of step (iii); (v) hydrotreating liquid hydrocarbon output produced in step (i), a substantial amount of the hydrogen used in said hydrotreatment being hydrogen recovered in step (iv); and (vi) transporting liquid hydrocarbon output subjected to step (v), and synthesis gas subjected to step (iii) and/or both steps (iii) and (iv), for use as fuel in a combustion turbine adapted for the generation of electrical power; and further a method of generating electrical power, and systems for producing said fuel and generating electrical power.

    Abstract translation: 一种提供适合于产生电力的燃料的方法,其包括:(i)使重质烃原料经受延迟焦化以产生焦炭和液态烃输出; (ii)在步骤(i)中生产的气化焦炭以产生合成气; (iii)从步骤(ii)中生产的合成气中除去硫化氢; (iv)从进行步骤(iii)的除去硫化氢的合成气中回收氢气; (v)步骤(i)中产生的加氢处理液体烃输出,所述加氢处理中使用的大量氢气是在步骤(iv)中回收的氢; 输送经过步骤(v)的液体烃输出和经过步骤(iii)和/或两个步骤(iii)和(iv)的合成气,用作在适于生成 电力; 还有一种产生电力的方法,以及用于产生所述燃料并产生电力的系统。

    METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR UTILIZING BIOFUEL OR WASTE MATERIAL IN ENERGY PRODUCTION
    98.
    发明申请
    METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR UTILIZING BIOFUEL OR WASTE MATERIAL IN ENERGY PRODUCTION 审中-公开
    在生产能源中利用生物燃料或废物的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号:WO1997020017A1

    公开(公告)日:1997-06-05

    申请号:PCT/FI1996000636

    申请日:1996-11-25

    Abstract: Method and apparatus for using biofuel or waste material or both for energy production. The biofuel or waste material is gasified in a fluidized bed gasifier (10), preferably a circulating fluidized bed gasifier. The gas produced in the gasifier is introduced into a boiler (12) equipped with fossil fuel burners (28, 28', 28''), typically burners for pulverized coal. The gas is introduced at a level above the burners. Ash from the boiler may be used to form the bed of the gasifier. For control of NOx, the gas is burnt in the upper part of the boiler at a low temperature level of 800 - 1050 DEG C (1472 - 1922F), preferably 850 - 900 DEG C (1562 - 1652F), and with a small excess air content of about 5 - 10 %. In a second embodiment, the raw gas may be cleaned of harmful or noxious components, and cooled if desired, between the gasifier and the boiler in an additional circulating fluidized bed reactor (152) having a bed of coal ash.

    Abstract translation: 使用生物燃料或废料或二者用于能源生产的方法和设备。 生物燃料或废料在流化床气化器(10)中气化,优选循环流化床气化器。 在气化器中产生的气体被引入装配有化石燃料燃烧器(28,28',28“)的锅炉(12),通常是用于粉煤的燃烧器。 气体在燃烧器上方的水平上被引入。 来自锅炉的灰可以用于形成气化炉的床。 为了控制NOx,在800-1050℃(1472-1922°F),优选850-900℃(1562-1652°F)的低温水平下,锅炉上部燃烧气体,并且以小的过量 空气含量约5 - 10%。 在第二个实施方案中,可以在具有煤灰床的附加的循环流化床反应器(152)中清洁原料气体的有害或有害成分,并且如果需要在气化器和锅炉之间冷却。

    FEEDING SYSTEMS FOR A CONTINUOUS PYROLYSIS AND GASIFICATION PROCESS AND APPARATUS
    99.
    发明申请
    FEEDING SYSTEMS FOR A CONTINUOUS PYROLYSIS AND GASIFICATION PROCESS AND APPARATUS 审中-公开
    连续热解和气化过程和装置的进料系统

    公开(公告)号:WO1997015640A1

    公开(公告)日:1997-05-01

    申请号:PCT/GB1996002618

    申请日:1996-10-25

    Abstract: A method of charging a pyrolytic gas-producing reactor with waste fuel wherein the waste fuel is forced into the reactor by a ram and wherein air is prevented from entering the reactor and pyrolysis gases are prevented from escaping from the reactor by means of an ablative seal which is positioned between the fuel and the ram and which is forced by the action of the ram on the fuel charge into the reactor whilst in sealing engagement with the internal walls of the reactor; the seal being made of a material which will resist the high temperature and chemical conditions in the reactor for at least as long a period as is required for the seal to perform its sealing function and which is thereafter thermally decomposed into products which are not detrimental to the pyrolytic process or to the pyrolytic gases produced by the reactor. Also described is a method of feeding particulate materials into or through a tubular vessel which method comprises urging the material through the vessel, for example by ram means, and preventing or overcoming jamming of the packed particulate material by applying a neutral or negative force to the material at a position on the upstream side of the position at which jamming would otherwise occur.

    Abstract translation: 一种利用废燃料装载热解气生产反应器的方法,其中废物被冲压器压入反应器,并且其中防止空气进入反应器并且通过烧蚀密封件防止裂解气体从反应器逸出 其位于燃料和冲头之间,并且在与反应器的内壁密封接合的同时通过冲头的作用迫使燃料进入反应器; 该密封件由抵抗反应器中的高温和化学条件的材料制成至少长达一段时间,以至于密封件执行其密封功能所需的时间,然后将其热分解成不会对 热解过程或由反应器产生的热解气体。 还描述了一种将颗粒材料进入管状容器或通过管状容器的方法,该方法包括通过例如通过柱塞装置将材料推动通过容器,并通过向中空或负压力施加中性或负力来防止或克服包装的颗粒材料的堵塞 材料位于其他地方发生卡住的位置的上游侧的位置。

    APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR MUNICIPAL WASTE GASIFICATION
    100.
    发明申请
    APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR MUNICIPAL WASTE GASIFICATION 审中-公开
    市政废气排放装置与方法

    公开(公告)号:WO1997014767A1

    公开(公告)日:1997-04-24

    申请号:PCT/US1995014200

    申请日:1995-10-16

    Abstract: Apparatus and method for gasification of waste are disclosed. Waste material is fed to the top of a first combustion chamber, and a burning, rotating annular column of waste is supported in the combustion chamber (12). Combustion air is introduced to the first combustion chamber (12) at or below the support (16) for the burning annular column of waste so that the combustion air moves upwardly through the burning column. Combustion gases (B) are withdrawn from the top portion of the first combustion chamber. Particulates are removed and recirculated to the first combustion chamber. The combustion gases are then fed to the top portion of a second combustion chamber (14). Secondary combustion air (104) and optional fuel (106) are fed to the second combustion chamber to complete the gasification process. A relatively clean producer gas (108) is withdrawn from the bottom portion of the secondary combustion chamber.

    Abstract translation: 公开了废气气化装置和方法。 废料被供给到第一燃烧室的顶部,并且燃烧的旋转环形废物列被支撑在燃烧室(12)中。 燃烧空气被引入到用于燃烧环形废物列的支撑件(16)处或下方的第一燃烧室(12),使得燃烧空气向上移动通过燃烧塔。 燃烧气体(B)从第一燃烧室的顶部排出。 颗粒被去除并再循环到第一燃烧室。 然后将燃烧气体送入第二燃烧室(14)的顶部。 二次燃烧空气(104)和任选的燃料(106)被供给到第二燃烧室以完成气化过程。 相对清洁的发生器气体(108)从二次燃烧室的底部排出。

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