Abstract:
Systems and methods for storing energy in gaseous form in submerged thin-walled tanks (1, 7, 61, 62, 63, 67, 101) are secured to the ocean or lake floor but are open to the water at the tank bottoms (1a, 64) and are configured to be filled with gas while submerged. A conduit (2, 2a, 11) operatively connected to the tanks (1, 7, 61, 62, 63, 67, 101) provides flow from a surface source of an energy-containing gas to the tank interiors (1d, 101a). Surface or subsurface pumping apparatus (3, 37, 42, 46, 48, 53) which may include piston-less pressure cylinders (37) or have leveraged pistons (48, 53) provide a preselected flow rate of the energy-containing gas into the tank interiors (1d, 101a) against a back pressure essentially equal to the static pressure of the body of water at the location of the tank (1, 7, 61, 62, 63, 67, 101) to displace an equivalent volume of water through the open bottom (1a, 64). The conduit (2, 2a, 11) can be configured to allow heat transfer to vaporize liquefied gas prior to storage. Hydrogen gas can be generated and stored within the tank (1, 7, 61, 62, 63, 67, 101) using Aluminum activated with Galinstan.
Abstract:
Apparatus for heat exchange in a high pressure gas storage tank wherein a heat absorbent gas media circulates within the tank and absorbs or radiates the heat resulting from compression and expansion of gas stored in the on board tank depending upon the mode of operation of the vehicle, the gas media is circulated through a heat exchange unit external to the tank whereby heat is radiated to or absorbed from an environment external to the tank, and an in situ heat exchange device installed within the tank absorbs or radiates the heat from or to the gas stored in the tank as a result of heat exchange through a unit external to the tank.
Abstract:
A system for vaporizing a fluid comprises a cryogenic source of a fluid, the fluid from the cryogenic source being at a temperature no greater than -90 degrees C and a first pump receiving the fluid from the cryogenic source and discharging the fluid into a mixing chamber in combination with a warmed source of the fluid and an outlet from the warmed source of the fluid into the mixing chamber, wherein a temperature of a mixture of the fluid from the warmed and cryogenic sources in the mixing chamber is no less than -80 degrees C.
Abstract:
Fluid storage and dispensing systems, and processes for supplying fluids for use thereof. Various arrangements of fluid storage and dispensing systems are described, involving permutations of the physical sorbent-containing fluid storage and dispensing vessels and internal regulator-equipped fluid storage and dispensing vessels. The systems and processes are applicable to a wide variety of end-use applications, including storage and dispensing of hazardous fluids with enhanced safety. In a specific end-use application, reagent gas is dispensed to a semiconductor manufacturing facility from a large-scale, fixedly positioned fluid storage and dispensing vessel containing physical sorbent holding gas at subatmospheric pressure, with such vessel being refillable from a safe gas source of refill gas, as disclosed herein.
Abstract:
A switchover device for providing a continuous supply of a gas such as chlorine to a water system. The switchover device includes an outlet in communication with a chamber as well as with a vacuum source and two inlets also in communication with the chamber. The switchover device further contains a shuttle that may be positioned to isolate the first inlet, the second inlet, or neither inlet.
Abstract:
An apparatus for providing a conditioned airflow inside a microenvironment using a portion of the breathing gas supply diverted to an ejector from a breathing respirator gas stream, is described. The respirator, such as a liquified-gas type respirator, includes an endothermic heat exchanger, and the microenvironment air or ambient air or both is flowed over and contacted with the heat exchanger to condition the air by cooling and dehumidifying it. The conditioned airflow is set up by the ejector which expels a portion of the breathing gas stream into a venturi to create a low pressure zone for entraining the microenvironment air or ambient air. The conditioned airflow is then directed to the user's body to reduce user heat stress. Broadly, the air conditioning apparatus is useful with any housing for a controlled physical environment in which a person or group of people can endure surrounding inhospitable conditions.
Abstract:
Systems and methods for storing energy in gaseous form in submerged thin-wailed tanks (1, 7, 61, 82, 63, 67, 101) are secured to the ocean or lake floor but are open to the water at the tank bottoms (1a, 64) and are configured to be filled with gas while submerged. A conduit (2, 2a, 11) operatively connected to the tanks (1, 7, 61, 62, 63, 67, 101) provides flow from a surface source of an energy-containing gas to the tank interiors (1d, 101 a). Surface or subsurface pumping apparatus (3, 37, 42, 46, 48, 53) which may include piston-less pressure cylinders (37) or have leveraged pistons (48, 53) provide a preselected flow rate of the energy-containing gas into the tank interiors (1d, 101 a) against a back pressure essentially equal to the static pressure of the body of water at the location of the tank (1, 7, 61, 62, 63, 67, 101) to displace an equivalent volume of water through the open bottom (1 a, 64). The conduit (2, 2a, 11) can be configured to allow heat transfer to vaporize liquefied gas prior to storage. Hydrogen gas can be generated and stored within the tank (1, 7, 61, 62, 63, 67, 101) using Aluminum activated with Galinstan.
Abstract:
A method for removing gas from a storage vessel and returning it along with a liquid feed to the vessel. The gas such as natural gas is withdrawn from the storage vessel and fed to a venturi device where it is combined with a feed of liquid to the venturi device. The gas will combine with the liquid feed in the venturi device while the pressure in the storage vessel will be decreased thereby reducing the need for venting and increasing efficiency of the storage vessel.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a storage bag for temporarily accommodating the liquefied petroleum gas, to a liquefied petroleum gas storage, to a fuel supply system, and to an assembly for buffering a liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) in a liquefied petroleum gas storage. The storage bag is arranged for temporarily accommodating the liquefied petroleum gas, having a fuel collection volume and a supply unit for allowing liquefied petroleum gas from the storage to enter into the fuel collection volume. The assembly can comprise a fuel pump having a pump housing and an inlet connected to the fuel collection volume. According to the invention a fuel pump and storage bag connection is arranged to allow feeding of the assembly the one after the other through an opening of the liquefied petroleum gas storage. According to the invention the storage bag comprises a jet pump.
Abstract:
Apparatus wherein the compression heat of refueling of a high pressure storage tank is evacuated from the interior of the tank in which a gas circulating within the tank passes through an ejector pump powered by the mechanical energy of the refueling gas as the gas traverses from the high pressure refuel depot to the storage tank and the circulating gas absorbs the refueling heat and carries the heat to a cooling system before the gas is introduced into the tank for storage.