Abstract:
In the conventional incineration of solid waste materials, flyash present in the combustion products gas stream catalyzes the formation of toxic dioxins from chlorinated organic materials. By providing a catalyst poison, such as carbon disulphide, in association with the flyash, typically by spraying onto the solid wastes prior to incineration, the catalytic effect is decreased, resulting in decreased dioxin formation.
Abstract:
System and method for enabling continuous thermal decontamination of mixed waste plastic feedstock. The system (1000) includes a first apparatus (100a), zero or more of intermediate apparatus (100b) and a last apparatus (100c), wherein each of the apparatuses comprises a vertical furnace vessel (102). The vertical furnace vessel (102) of at least one of the apparatuses is configured to heat the mixed waste plastic feedstock to a temperature, which does not exceed 400 °C and provide the feedstock with a predetermined residence period in the furnace vessel (102), which does not exceed 10 hours. The system (1000) is configured to provide a collective residence time, which is not less than 1 hour, wherein the system (1000) is configured such that the feedstock is heated to temperature chosen between 250 °C and 400 °C before the feedstock exits the system (1000).
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a method for refining biomass. More precisely the method according to the present invention comprises homogenization milling of the biomass and optionally modifying with minerals and then combusting of the homogeneous mass to obtain valuable ash products. In case of clean and well defined biomass raw materials containing material from which valuable fractions can be produced, these fractions can be removed by screening after fraction milling.
Abstract:
A Carbon Conversion System having four functional units, each unit comprising one or more zones, wherein the units are integrated to optimize the overall conversion of carbonaceous feedstock into syngas and slag. The processes that occur within each zone of the system can be optimized, for example, by the configuration of each of the units and by managing the conditions that occur within each zone using an integrated control system.
Abstract:
A combustion process wherein a comburent, a fuel and the following components are fed: i) component B) sulphur or compounds containing sulphur in an amount to have a molar ratio B 1 / C 1 ≥0.5, wherein B 1 is the sum by moles between the total amount of sulphur present in component B) + the total amount of sulphur (component B 11 )) contained in the fuel, C 1 is the sum by moles between the total amount of alkaline and/or alkaline-earth metals contained in the fuel (component C 11 ) ) + the amount (component C) ) of alkaline and/or alkaline-earth metals in the form of salts and/or oxides contained in component B), ii) component A), comprising low-melting salts and/or oxides or their mixtures, having a melting temperature
Abstract:
A method is described for the production of refuse-derived fuel, in particular from urban solid waste, which is subjected to rough grinding, aerobic digestion in a closed space and in a flow of air, possible screening to separate the fine screened product and possible removal of metals, final grinding to a medium (approximately 1 decimetre) or fine size (a few centimetres), and compacting for transport and possible storage, before incineration. According to the invention, preferably during the phase of fine grinding, the addition of soda to the waste is foreseen, in at least a sufficient quantity for neutralising the acidity present in the same. The object of the invention is also the refuse-derived fuel obtained in this way, which can be used in incinerators, possibly in co-combustion with waste not neutralised at the outset.
Abstract:
Plume is mitigated by targeting treatment chemicals to locations in a furnace, which are connected with plume opacity. The effectiveness of targeted in furnace injection, in fuel introduction and in furnace introduction of slag and/or corrosion and/or plume control chemicals are determined, as are the effectiveness of targeted in furnace injection, in fuel introduction and in furnace introduction of combustion catalysts. Then, the effectiveness of various combinations of the above treatments are determined, and a treatment regimen employing one or more of the above treatments is selected. Preferred treatment regimens will contain at least two and preferably three of the treatments. Chemical utilization and boiler maintenance can improved as LOI carbon, slagging and/or corrosion are also controlled.