Abstract:
Processes of preparing freeze-dried co-catalyst compositions are provided. In an exemplary embodiment, the process includes mixing an organoaluminum compound with a modifier at low temperature to provide a modified co-catalyst composition. The process further includes further cooling the modified co-catalyst composition under reduced pressure, to provide a freeze-dried co-catalyst composition. Processes of preparing freeze-dried catalyst compositions, processes of preparing catalyst compositions, freeze-dried co-catalyst compositions, freeze-dried catalyst compositions, catalyst compositions, and processes of preparing α-olefins are also provided.
Abstract:
A method of producing butadiene includes: (1) dimerizing ethylene to butene followed by (2) oxidatively dehydrogenating the butene to butadiene and (3) recovering the butadiene by (i) absorbing the product with a hydrocarbon absorber oil and (ii) stripping a crude product stream from the absorber oil. The absorber oil is selected so as to be effective to sequester ethylene dimerization-derived impurities from the system.
Abstract:
This disclosure relates generally to low temperature steam stripping methods for byproduct polymer and solvent separation from an ethylene oligomerization process. The methods disclosed have been found to separate byproduct polymer from solvent without fouling process equipment or causing other process problems. The byproduct polymer ends up as flowable solid particles in a water stream that may be easily discharged from the process, while solvent is recovered for recycle to the process. In embodiments of the invention, over 90 wt% of the solvent used is recovered and the discharged byproduct polymer is less than 20 wt% solvent.
Abstract:
Disclosed herein are methods and apparatus for deactivating a catalyst composition in an reaction product stream. One such method and apparatus contact the catalyst composition with a catalyst-deactivating composition and a diluent in a vapor phase of a product-receiving vessel, wherein the boiling point of the diluent is at least 5.0°C greater than the boiling point of the catalyst-deactivating composition. Also disclosed are oligomerization systems for producing oligomers.
Abstract:
This invention enables the "bulk" oligomerization of ethylene (i.e. the oligomerization of ethylene in the presence of the oligomer product) using a catalyst system comprising 1) a very low concentration of a chromium catalyst and 2) a three part activator. The chromium catalyst contains a diphosphine ligand, preferably a so called P-N-P ligand. The activator includes an aluminoxane, trimethyl aluminum, and triethyl aluminum.
Abstract:
This disclosure relates to a liquid syndiotactic polyalphaolef?n, sPAO, comprising one or more C4 to C24 monomers, said sPAO having: a) an rr triad content of 5 to 50 % as measured by 13C NMR; b) an mr triad content of 25 to 60 % as measured by 13C NMR, where the mr to mm triad ratio is at least 1.0; c) a pour point of Z °C or less, where Z = 0.0648X-51.2, where X = kinematic viscosity at 100 °C as reported in centistokes (cSt); d) a kinematic viscosity at 100 °C of 100 cSt or more (alternatively 200 cSt or more); e) a ratio of mr triads to rr triad (as determined by 13C NMR) of less than 9; f) a ratio of vinylidene to 1,2-disubstituted olefins (as determined by 1H NMR) of less than 8; g) a viscosity index of 120 or more; and h) an Mn of 40,000 or less. This disclosure further relates to processes to make and use sPAOs, including those having any combination of characterics a) to h).
Abstract translation:本公开涉及包含一种或多种C 4至C 24单体的液体间同立构聚α-烯烃sPAO,所述sPAO具有:a)通过13 C NMR测量的rr三单元组含量为5-50%; b)通过13 C NMR测量的mr三元组含量为25至60%,其中mr至mm三单元组比为至少1.0; c)Z℃或更低的倾点,其中Z = 0.0648X-51.2,其中X =以厘沲(cSt)报告的100℃下的运动粘度; d)100℃下的运动粘度为100cSt以上(或者200cSt以上); e)mr三单元组与三元组的比率(通过13 C NMR测定)小于9; f)亚乙烯基与1,2-二取代烯烃的比例(通过1 H NMR确定)小于8; g)粘度指数为120以上; 和h)40,000以下的Mn。 本公开还涉及制备和使用sPAO的方法,包括具有特征a)至h)的任何组合的方法。
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a method for preparing linear alpha-olefins (LAO) by oligomerization of ethylene in the presence of a solvent and homogeneous catalyst, comprising the steps of: (i) feeding ethylene, solvent and catalyst into an oligomerization reactor, (ii) oligomerizing the ethylene in the reactor, (iii) removing a reactor outlet stream comprising solvent, linear alpha-olefins, optionally unreacted ethylene and catalyst from the reactor via a reactor outlet piping system, (iv) dosing at least one additive selected from the group consisting of alcohols, polyethylene glycols, polyethylene glycol monoethers, polyethylene glycol diethers, polyamines, amines, amino alcohols and surfactants, (v) transferring the reactor outlet stream containing the additive to a catalyst deactivation and removal section, and (vi) deactivating the catalyst with caustic and removing the deactivated catalyst from the reactor outlet stream, wherein the residence time of the additive in the reactor outlet stream prior to mixing with caustic is at least 1 second preferably at least 5 seconds, more preferably at least 10 seconds.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a process for oligomerization/polymerization of ethylen and/or alpha-olefins, comprising the Steps of oligomerizing/polymerizing ethylene and/or al pha-olefins, separating the product obtained into at least one marketable product and one o more non-marketable fractions and routing one or more of the non-marketable fractions to steam cracking furnace for steam Cracking thereof.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of linear low molecular weight alpha-olefins having 4 to 24 carbon atoms, comprising oligomerizing ethylene in an inert solvent in the presence of a catalyst system comprising: (i) zirconium car-boxylate of the formula (R 1 COO) m ZrCl 4-m , wherein R 1 is saturated or unsaturated ali-phatic C 1 -C 10 hydrocarbon or aromatic C 6 -C 14 hydrocarbon and m fulfills 1 ≤ m ≤ 4, (ii) at least one aluminum compound selected from organoaluminum compounds of the formula R 2 n A1X 3-n , wherein R2 is C 1 -C 20 alkyl, X is chlorine, bromine or iodine, and n fulfills 1 ≤ n ≤ 2, and/or aluminoxanes, and (iii) at least two different additives selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, esters, ketones, ethers, amines, anhydrides, phosphines and sulfur compounds; as well as to a catalyst used therein.
Abstract translation:本发明涉及一种制备具有4至24个碳原子的线型低分子量α-烯烃的方法,包括在惰性溶剂中,在催化剂体系存在下使乙烯低聚,包括:(i)锆 - 式(R 1)COO),其中R 1是饱和或不饱和的脂肪族 C 1 -C 10烃基或芳族C 6 -C 14烃,m满足1 = m = 4 ,(ii)至少一种铝化合物,其选自式R 2的有机铝化合物。