Abstract:
A cell culture apparatus includes a substrate having formed therein a micro-pillared well array. The micro-pillared well array includes a plurality of micro-pillared wells. Each micro-pillared structure includes a plurality of spaced-apart micro-pillars having distal ends shaped to form a well. The well is suitable for cell culture.
Abstract:
A cell culture apparatus includes a substrate having formed therein a micro-well array, the micro-well array comprising a plurality of micro-wells. Each micro-well is defined by a curved surface which is concave. At least two of the micro-wells have different topgraphy.
Abstract:
Methods for replicating a nanopillared surface include applying a nanopillar-forming material to a surface of a replica substrate to form a precursor layer on the replica-substrate surface. A template surface of a nanomask may be contacted to the precursor layer. The nanomask may include a self-assembled polymer layer on a nanomask-substrate surface, the template surface being defined in the self-assembled polymer layer. The self-assembled polymer layer may have nano-sized pores with openings at the template surface. The precursor layer may be cured while the template surface remains in contact with the precursor layer. The nanomask is removed to expose a nanopillared surface having a plurality of nanopillars on the replica-substrate surface. The nanopillars on the replica-substrate surface may correspond to the pores in the template surface. Nanopillared surfaces may be replicated on one side of the replica substrate or on two opposing sides of the replica substrate.
Abstract:
Methods for fabricating a nanopillared substrate surface include applying a polymer solution containing an amphiphilic block copolymer and a hydrophilic homopolymer to a substrate surface. The amphiphilic block copolymer and the hydrophilic homopolymer in the polymer solution self-assemble on the substrate surface to form a self-assembled polymer layer having hydrophobic domains adjacent to the substrate surface and hydrophilic domains extending into the self-assembled polymer layer. At least a portion of the hydrophilic domains may be removed to form a plurality of pores in the exposed surface of the self-assembled polymer layer. A protective layer may be deposited on the exposed surface as a mask for etching through the plurality of pores to form through-holes. A nanopillar-forming material may be deposited onto the substrate surface via the through-holes. Then, the remaining portion of the self-assembled polymer layer may be removed to expose a nanopillared substrate surface.
Abstract:
Thermoplastic polymeric sheets are rendered microporous and remain substantially flat by contacting the sheet with a first fluid composition that contains or more solvents for the polymeric sheet to render the sheet microporous and then contacting the microporous sheet with a second fluid composition that is substantially free of solvents for the polymer and that contains a non-solvent that is miscible with the one or more solvents of the first composition. Contacting the microporous sheet with the second fluid composition preferably occurs prior to substantial evaporation of the first fluid compositions, or solvents thereof, from the microporous sheet.
Abstract:
Films for display device covers and display device covers comprising the same are disclosed. In one embodiment, a display cover for coupling to a display device includes a perimeter portion comprising a first surface and a second surface. A film of polymeric material may be attached to at least one of the first surface or the second surface of the perimeter portion. The film may include a first array of prisms extending from an edge of the perimeter portion to a distance L. The first array of prisms may be offset from and positioned below a surface of the film by an offset spacing dz.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a process for increasing xylose percentage of hydrolysate of a cellulosic or hemicellulosic material, comprising: (1) hydrolyzing the cellulosic or hemicellulosic material, optionally by a first enzyme composition comprising one or more enzymes having cellulase or hemicellulase activity; and (2) purifying the material of step (1) by adding a second enzyme composition comprising one or more oxidases.
Abstract:
Anti-programmed death-ligand l (PD-L1) antibodies, methods of using the same, therapeutic compositions thereof, and uses thereof in upregulating cell-mediated immune responses and treating T cell dysfunctional disorders are provided. The use of the anti-PD-L1 antibody as a diagnostic agent in vitro is also provided.
Abstract:
A medical device including an array of microneedles and a coating disposed on or within the microneedles and a method of making such a device are disclosed. The coating includes a peptide therapeutic agent and an amino acid. A method of stabilizing a peptide therapeutic agent with an amino acid on an array of microneedles is also disclosed. In some cases, the peptide therapeutic agent and the amino acid either both have a net positive charge or both have a net negative charge. In some cases, the peptide therapeutic agent is histidine.
Abstract:
Flow monitoring tasks are assigned to a set of switches in a split architecture network to optimize network-wide flow monitoring. The assignment maximizes the number of monitored flows and reduces overhead of the flow monitoring. A controller receives an estimated traffic volume for each path in the network. The controller calculates, for all of the switches and all of the paths, sampling fractions that maximize the number of the flows sampled by the switches. In response to a request for setting up a new flow to traverse one of the paths in the network, the controller assigns the new flow to one of the switches that are located on the one of the paths, based on the sampling fraction for the assigned switch and the one of the paths, the bandwidth constraint and the memory constraint.