Abstract:
A braking system for vehicles (4) comprising a pilot pump (8) provided with a manual actuation means (12), lever and/or pedal, which is fluidically connected, by means of a first hydraulic duct (16), to an absorber device (20) which simulates the driving resistance offered by at least one braking device (24', 24'') associated with a wheel of said vehicle, wherein a first shut-off valve (28) is arranged along said first hydraulic duct (16), at least one actuator device (32', 32''), electromechanical and/or electrohydraulic, operatively connected to at least one electricity storage device (36', 36'') and said at least one braking device (24', 24'') for actuating the latter, at least one sensor (40, 42, 44), belonging to a group comprising position sensors (40), force sensors (42), pressure sensors (44), adapted to detect the onset and the magnitude of a request for braking action exerted by the user through said lever or pedal (12). The system (4) comprises at least one control unit (30', 30'') operatively connected to said at least one sensor (40, 42, 44) and to the at least one actuator device (32', 32'') and being programmed so as to actuate the braking device (24', 24'') by means of the actuator device (32', 32'') when it receives from said sensors (40, 42, 44) a braking action request signal. The control unit (30', 30'') is programmed so as to correct the braking action requested by the user, actuating the actuator device (32', 32' ') so as to avoid blocking of one or more wheels or the occurrence of instability of the vehicle during braking, wherein the control unit (30', 30' ') is programmed to induce on the manual actuation means (12) at least one vibration when it corrects the braking action requested by the user.
Abstract:
An electric motor assembly for a motor vehicle and brake (1) comprising: - an engine cartridge (2) comprising a stator (3) connected to an engine casing (4); - said engine cartridge (2) further comprising a rotor (5) connected to a wheel shaft (6); - said assembly (1) further comprising a disc of a disc brake (7) connected to said wheel shaft (6); in which - said assembly (1) further comprises a disc brake caliper (8) arranged astride said disc (7) and connected to said engine casing (4).
Abstract:
Braking system for vehicles (4) comprising - a first brake group (8) and a second brake group (12) intended to be installed on the same axle of a vehicle or on separate axles of a vehicle, - the first brake group (8) comprising a first braking device (16), first electro-hydraulic actuator means (20) operatively connected to the first braking device (16) by means of a first hydraulic actuation duct (24), - the second brake group (12) comprising a second braking device (28), second electro-hydraulic actuator means (32) operatively connected to the second braking device (28) by means of a second hydraulic actuation duct (36), - an interconnection branch (52) between the first and the second hydraulic actuation ducts (24,36), provided with a control valve (56), - at least one control unit (60) for the brake groups (8, 12), operatively connected to the electro-hydraulic actuator means (20,32) and to the control valve (56), - the control unit (60) being programmed to actuate the control valve (56) so as to: - disconnect the first and second hydraulic actuation ducts (24, 36) from each other in the event of standard operation or absence of malfunctions in the brake groups (8, 12), fluidically connect the first and second hydraulic actuation ducts (24,36) to each other in the event of an electrical fault in a brake group (8,12).
Abstract:
A wheel assembly (1) for a vehicle, uncommonly capable of a compact construction and ease of maintenance, comprises: - A wheel rim (2) suitable to rotate around an axis of rotation (a- a), defining an axial direction (A-A) parallel or coincident with said axis of rotation (a-a), an orthogonal radial direction (R-R), and a circumferential direction locally coincident with a tangential direction (T-T) orthogonal to the axial direction (A-A) and the radial direction (R-R), said wheel rim (2) having a radially outer side, or outer side (3), opposite the axis of rotation (a-a), and a radially inner side, or inner side (4), facing the axis of rotation (a-a), said rim being suitable to receive externally a tyre (5), and wherein said wheel rim forms internally a cylindrical chamber of the rim (54) delimited radially from said inner side (4); - a motor (306) comprising a rotor (307) and a stator (308); said rotor (307) being supported, free to rotate, on said stator (308); said stator being fixed to a stator support (120); said motor (306) being housed in the said cylindrical wheel rim chamber (54) of said wheel rim (2 ); - said rotor (307) is selectively, removably and rigidly connected to the inner side (4) of said wheel rim (2), avoiding the interposition of elastic members or damping members; - said assembly (1) also comprising a braking device (10), said device comprising a disc brake disc (11) having a radially outer edge (12) and a radially inner edge (13), said braking device (10) further comprising a disc brake caliper (14) selectively, removably and rigidly connected, directly or indirectly, to said stator support (120), said disk brake caliper (14) being placed with its active part (21) astride the inner edge (13) of said disc brake disc (ID; in which - said wheel rim (2) is made in two parts (15, 16) selectively and removably connected with each other to form a wheel rim body (17); and wherein - one of the two parts of said wheel rim (15) forms in a single piece at least one spoke (18) that protrudes radially towards the axis of rotation (a-a); and wherein - said disc (11) is connected with its outer edge (12) to said at least one spoke (18).
Abstract:
A braking device (10) of a vehicle comprises a disc caused to rotate with a wheel of the vehicle, a caliper (12) provided with pads (14) and associated with a fixed part of the vehicle and at least one piston (16) housed in the caliper (12) and operationally connected to an electric motor (18) to interact with at least one of the pads (14) and to press it against a surface of the disc. An apparatus for controlling the braking device comprises means for detecting the relative position between the piston (16) and the pad (14) with which the piston (16) interacts and means for adjusting the position of the piston (16) relative to that of the corresponding pad (14). The detecting means comprise a sensor (40, 52, 72, 74) capable of being fitted to a head component (34) of the piston (16), coaxially with it. A method for controlling a braking device (10) in a vehicle comprises the steps of detecting the relative position between the piston (16) and the pad (14) with which the piston (16) interacts and adjusting the position of the piston (16) relative to that of the corresponding pad (14).
Abstract:
A brake system (4) for vehicles comprising • a manual actuator device (8), operable by means of a lever and / or a pedal (12), selectively connectable to at least one braking device (16, 16') placed on a first axle (20) of the vehicle, and at least one braking device (16, 16") placed on a second axle (24) of the vehicle, each braking device (16, 16', 16") acting on a respective brake disc or drum (18), • at least one front automatic actuator device (28), operatively connected to said manual actuator device (8) by means of a first control unit (32), and to the at least one braking device (16, 16') of the first axle (20) of the vehicle, • at least one rear automatic actuator device (36), operatively connected to the manual actuator device (8) by means of a second control unit (40), and to the at least one braking device (16, 16") of the second axle (24) of the vehicle, • wherein said control units (32,40) are programmed so as to actuate the respective automatic front and rear actuator devices (28,36) as a function of the position or configuration of the manual actuator device (8), • wherein at least the front automatic actuator device (28) is of the electric-hydraulic type and is connected to a first hydraulic delivery circuit (52) of the manual actuator device (8), by means of a first shut-off valve (56) positionable in an operating position, in which it hydraulically disconnects the front automatic actuator device (28) from the manual actuator device (8), and in a safety position in which it hydraulically connects the front electric-hydraulic automatic actuator device (28) with the manual actuator device (8).
Abstract:
A braking system for vehicles (4) comprising - a pilot pump (8) equipped with a manual actuation means (12), a lever and/or pedal, which is fluidically connected, through a first hydraulic conduit (16), to a sorbing device (20) that simulates the actuation resistance offered by a hydraulically operated braking device (24), wherein along said first hydraulic conduit (16) is arranged a first shut-off valve (28), - a second hydraulic conduit (32) operatively connected to at least one braking device (24) associated with a wheel of said vehicle, said second hydraulic conduit (32) being connected to the first hydraulic conduit (16) through a second shut-off valve (36), - the system (4) comprising a processing and control unit (40) operatively connected to the pilot pump (8) and motor means (44) for actuating said at least one braking device (24), the processing and control unit (40) being programmed so as to actuate the braking device (24) via the motor means (44) as a function of the actuation of the pilot pump (8) through the manual actuation means (12), in a "by-wire" operating condition, - in said "by-wire" operating condition, the first shut- off valve (28) being selectively opened and the second shut-off valve (36) being closed. Advantageously, the processing and control unit (40) is programmed to oversee the operation of the braking system (4) so as to correct the braking action requested by the user via the manual actuation means (12), by actuating the motors means (44) so as to avoid the locking of one or more wheels or the onset of instability of the vehicle during braking, said processing and control unit (40) being programmed to induce on the manual actuation means (12) at least a vibration when it corrects the braking action requested by the user.
Abstract:
A simulation device (1) for an electrically controlled braking apparatus (BBW) of a vehicle comprises an electric motor (90) having a motorised axis (Z) slant in relation to the translation axis (X) of the strut (14) of the pedal group (12), a contrast body (60) connected to the strut (14), a main abutment wall (52) and an elastic contrast element (70), disposed between the main abutment wall (52) and the contrast body (60). The method of applying the contrast action to the pedal (12) provides for activating, when the flattening action of the pedal by the user is terminated, the motor to achieve an inactive configuration in which the useful distance of maximum compression of the elastic contrast element (70) is minimal.
Abstract:
An electro-hydraulic actuator (1) for actuating a brake (2) with a hydraulic thrust unit comprises an electric motor (3), a converting mechanism (5) to convert a rotational motion of the motor (4) into a translational motion, a cylinder (8), and a piston (9) connected to the converting mechanism, wherein the converting mechanism (5) is configured so that, for a given angular speed of the drive shaft (4), the translation speed of the piston (9) decreases from a maximum value in a rear length (14) of the piston stroke to a minimum value in a front length (13) of the piston stroke.
Abstract:
A method for interrogating at least one optical fiber sensor of the Fiber Bragg Grating type FBG is described. The method comprises the steps of: lighting the optical fiber sensor of the Fiber Bragg Grating type FBG with a broadband excitation optical radiation OA; conveying the optical spectrum transmitted OT or reflected OR by the optical fiber sensor FBG to at least one tunable optical bandpass filter BPF having a first extraction port 1 and a second transmission port 2, which are complementary to each other; tuning the optical bandpass filter BPF at a constant operating wavelength, depending on the nominal operating wavelength of the fiber Bragg grating of the FBG sensor; detecting a respective first optical signal L1 exiting the first extraction port 1 of the optical bandpass filter; converting, by means of a first opto-electronic receiver PD1, the aforesaid first optical signal L1 into a respective first electrical signal E1, representative of a wavelength shift Ah, with respect to the nominal operating wavelength, of the spectrum reflected or transmitted by the Bragg grating of the FBG optical fiber sensor. The method then comprises the steps of detecting a second optical signal L2, exiting the second transmission port 2 of the optical bandpass filter BPF, spectrally complementary to the first optical signal L1; and converting this second optical signal L2, by means of a second opto-electronic receiver PDT, into a respective second electrical signal E2, representative of an optical reference power, which is substantially independent of the filtering wavelength, and having a dependence on the power of the broadband excitation optical radiation, and on the losses of the overall optical path, equal to the dependence undergone by the respective first electrical signal E1. The method includes determining the wavelength shift Ah, with respect to the nominal operating wavelength, of the spectrum reflected or transmitted by the optical fiber sensor FBG, based on the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal detected, in such a way that the detection of the first electrical signal is compensated for with respect to variations of optical radiation power and variations in loss on the optical path. A corresponding system for interrogating at least one optical fiber sensor of the Fiber Bragg Grating type FBG is also described, wherein the aforesaid optical bandpass filter BPF and the aforesaid first and second opto-electronic receiver PD1, PDT are integrated in a photonic integrated circuit ("Photonic Integrated Circuit" - PIC).