Abstract:
A system for delivering exogenous molecules, comprises a support for containing cells and exogenous molecules;an infra-red (IR) light source that generates an IR optical beam with an average power density in an order of at least greater than10 4 W/cm 2 ; one or more optical elements; an imaging system to image the cells in a field of view;a processor that generates a signal for localization of cells in the field of view; a light pattern shaper for temporal focusing of the optical beam to generate wide field illumination on the cells to permeabilise the cell membrane for delivering the exogenous molecules; and a controller that switches the optical beam from the wide field illumination to a focused illumination. The processor is operatively coupled to the imaging system and the light pattern shaper and transmits the signal for the localization of cells to ensure the temporal focusing of the optical beam on the cells.
Abstract translation:用于递送外源分子的系统包括用于容纳细胞和外源分子的载体;红外(IR)光源,其产生具有至少大于104W / cm 2量级的平均功率密度的IR光束; 一个或多个光学元件; 成像系统,用于在视场中对单元进行成像;处理器,其产生用于在视野中定位细胞的信号; 用于光束的时间聚焦以在细胞上产生宽场照明的光图案整形器以透过细胞膜以传递外源分子; 以及将光束从宽场照明切换到聚焦照明的控制器。 处理器可操作地耦合到成像系统和光图案整形器,并且传输信号用于细胞的定位,以确保光束在细胞上的时间聚焦。
Abstract:
Methods for treatment of sludge with microwave irradiation for improving its dewatering are provided. In one embodiment, the method includes exposing the sludge to microwave irradiation at a power density of between about 3 W/ml and about 17 W/ml. Turbidity, total solids content and overall dewaterability are improved when the microwave irradiation treatment is combined with another method for dewatering sludge, such as enzyme treatment, conditioning with a flocculating agent and mechanical dewatering.
Abstract:
A method of delivering exogenous molecules, comprising: providing a plurality of cells having a cell membrane; adding a plurality of exogenous molecules to the cells; exposing the cells to a defocused infrared (IR) light to permeabilize the cell membrane of the cells; and delivering the exogenous molecules to the cells through the permeablized cell membrane,wherein an intensity of the IR light at the optical focus is at least greater than or equal to an order of 10 4 W/cm 2
Abstract translation:一种递送外源性分子的方法,包括:提供多个具有细胞膜的细胞; 向细胞中加入多种外源性分子; 将细胞暴露于散焦的红外(IR)光以使细胞的细胞膜透化; 并且通过透过细胞膜将外源性分子递送至细胞,其中所述光学焦点处的IR光的强度至少大于或等于104W / cm 2
Abstract:
A system for treating produced water, for example from a SAGD bitumen production operation, has a treatment unit using chemical oxidation (CO) or electromagnetic treatment (ET) to destroy or degrade organics in the produced water. The treatment module may use CO or ET in combination with biological treatment or sorption processes or both. When the treatment module is used upstream of a steam generator, it reduces fouling in the steam generator and in any blowdown water treatment device. A brine concentrator or a crystallizer may be used to treat the blowdown water. The treatment module may be used in combination with a nanofiltration (NF) or reverse osmosis (RO) membrane filter. Optionally, the produced water may be treated with an ET process such as microwaves directly upstream of a steam generator or upstream of a concentrator or crystallizer in a blowdown water stream.
Abstract:
A system for measuring nutritional parameters of food items is provided. The system includes a holding cavity. The system further includes a sensor assembly that includes a transmitter antenna and at least one receiver antenna. The transmitter antenna is configured to transmit signals to a food item in the holding cavity. The receiver antenna is configured to receive response signals from the food item. The system includes at least one switch coupled to each antenna. The switch, in a first state, is configured to set the sensor assembly to an electric potential equal to that of the holding cavity. In a second state, the switch is configured to couple the sensor assembly to a power source. The system also includes a processing unit to process the signals received to determine the nutritional parameters of the food item.
Abstract:
The present disclosure relates to the generation of an activated platelet product in which one or more of the presence or absence of clots, the timing of clot formation (if present), and/or the mechanical strength of clots (if present) is controlled by the presence or concentration of calcium ions during the activation process. In certain embodiments, the calcium ion concentration is controlled in the presence of pulsed electric fields or a chemical activator (e.g., thrombin) as part of the activation process.
Abstract:
Methods and systems for releasing growth factors are disclosed. In certain embodiments, a blood sample is exposed to a sequence of one or more electric pulses to trigger release of a growth factor in the sample. In certain embodiments, the growth factor release is not accompanied by clotting within the blood sample.
Abstract:
In accordance with the present disclosure, exposure of a sample to one or more electric pulses via capacitive coupling is described. In certain embodiments, the sample may be a biological sample to be treated or modified using the pulsed electric fields. In certain embodiments, the electric pulses may be delivered to a load using capacitive coupling. In other embodiments, the electric pulses may be bipolar pulses.