Abstract:
A gated microelectronic device is provided that has a source with a source ohmic contact with the source characterized by a source dopant type and concentration. A drain with a drain ohmic contact with the drain characterized by a drain dopant type and concentration. An intermediate channel portion characterized by a channel portion dopant type and concentration. An insulative dielectric is in contact with the channel portion and overlaid in turn by a gate. A gate contact applies a gate voltage bias to control charge carrier accumulation and depletion in the underlying channel portion. This channel portion has a dimension normal to the gate which is fully depleted in the off-state. The dopant type is the same across the source, drain and the channel portion of the device. The device on-state current is determined by the doping and, unlike a MOSFET, is not directly proportional to device capacitance.
Abstract:
A method for reducing the field dependence of an off-state current flow condition in a field-effect transistor having a source electrode, a drain electrode and a gate electrode, includes the steps of: applying a far off-state bias between the drain electrode and the gate electrode to drive a conduction channel in the field-effect transistor into a far off-state; and applying a far off-state bias between the source electrode and the gate electrode to again drive the conduction channel into a far off-state; wherein both applying steps cause application of the far off-state bias for a sufficient time to reduce gate voltage dependency of off-state current flow in the conduction channel during a period when an off-state potential is applied to the gate electrode.
Abstract:
Methods and systems for utilizing metal nanoparticles to enhance optical (UV, visible, and IR, as appropriate) signals from a reporting entity are presented. The methods and systems of this invention do not require the nanoparticles to be attached or adhered to a surface, assembled in a matrix or coated with a spacer coating.
Abstract:
There is disclosed a method providing micro-scale devices, nano-scale devices, or devices having both nano-scale and micro-scale features. The method of the invention comprises fluidic assembly and various novel devices produced thereby. A variety of nanofluidic and molecular electronic type devices and structures having applications such as filtering and genetic sequencing are provided by the invention
Abstract:
An electro-optic detector (63) senses induced photovoltages in a semiconductor structure (50) through use of an electro-optic sensing material (64). The sensing material (64) is closely positioned to the surface of a semiconductor structure (50) so as to be locally affected by electric field (62) changes which occur as a result of induced photovoltages. An interrogating optical beam (60) is directed at the semiconductor structure (50) so as to induce locally positioned photovoltages at a surface thereof. An optical sensing beam (70) is directed at the electro-optic sensing material (64) and a detector (63) senses reflections of the optical sensing beam (70) from the electro-optic layer both in regions affected by the local photovoltage field changes and in regions not affected by the local photovoltage field changes. Characteristics of the semiconductor structure (50) are deduced from reflection data derived from the optical sensing beam (70).
Abstract:
Methods and systems for utilizing metal nanoparticles to enhance optical (UV, visible, and IR, as appropriate) signals from a reporting entity are presented. The methods and systems of this invention do not require the nanoparticles to be attached or adhered to a surface, assembled in a matrix or coated with a spacer coating.
Abstract:
There is disclosed a method providing micro-scale devices, nano-scale devices, or devices having both nano-scale and micro-scale features. The method of the invention comprises fluidic assembly and various novel devices produced thereby. A variety of nanofluidic and molecular electronic type devices and structures having applications such as filtering and genetic sequencing are provided by the invention
Abstract:
There is disclosed a method of producing nano or micro-scale chemical reactor devices and novel devices produced by said method. The method of the invention uses deposited sacrificial layers to provide various channels (8) and reservoirs (22) of reactor devices. Reactor devices of the present invention are chemical reactors devices, electro-chemical reactors devices, or chemical/electro-chemical reactors devices. A fuel cell embodiment is disclosed.
Abstract:
An electronic opto-electronic device or a chemical sensor comprising: an interpenetrating network of a nanostructured high surface area to volume ratio film material and an organic/inorganic material forming a nanocomposite. The high surface area to volume film material is obtained onto an electrode substrate first, such that the nano-scale basic elements comprising this film material are embedded in a void matrix while having electrical connectivity with the elctrode substrate. For example, the film material may comprise an array of nano-protrusions electrically connected to the electrode substrate and separated by a void matrix. The interpenetrating network is formed by introducing an appropriate organic/inorganic material into the void volume of the high surface area to vlume film material. Further electrode(s) are defined onto the film or intra-void material to achieve a certain device. Charge separation, charge injection, charge storage, field effect devices, ohmic contacts, and chemical sensors are possible.
Abstract:
There is disclosed an apparatus for providing an ionized analyte for mass analysis by photon desorption comprising at least one layer (11) for contacting an analyte, and a substrate (10) on which said layer (11) is deposited. Upon irradiation of said apparatus, said analyte desorbs and ionizes for analysis by mass spectrometry. The layer of layers of said apparatus comprise a continuous film a discontinuous film or any combination thereof.