Abstract:
A filtration cell (10) for a biological sample including an upper chamber for receiving the biological sample to be filtered, a lower chamber in fluid communication with the upper chamber, and a filtration membrane (14) positioned between the upper chamber and the lower chamber is disclosed. A surface of the filtration membrane has a contact angle > 90°. The flow of the biological sample through the upper chamber may be tangential to the filtration membrane and a filtrate passing through the filtration membrane may be collected in the lower chamber. Also, a method of filtering a biological sample including passing the biological sample through an upper chamber of a filtration cell as described above and collecting a filtrate in the lower chamber is disclosed.
Abstract:
A method of recovering oil from an oil well includes recovering an oil-water mixture from the oil well and separating produced water from the oil-water mixture. Thereafter, the produced water is directed through a ceramic membrane that removes free oil and emulsified oil from the produced water. The method or process further includes cleaning the ceramic membrane in online and offline modes. In the offline mode, cleaning is achieved by periodically backflushing the ceramic membrane with an aqueous media having a pH of 13 or greater and a temperature of 60°C or greater. Further, the ceramic membrane is cleaned in the offline mode by applying the following operations. In one or more clean-in-place operations, an aqueous alkaline media at a pH of 13 or higher and a temperature of 60°C or higher is directed through the ceramic membrane. In one or more clean-in-place operations, the ceramic membrane is also cleaned with an aqueous acidic media that contains dissolved citric acid. Finally, in one or more clean- in-place operations, a liquid hydrocarbon is directed through the ceramic membrane.
Abstract:
The present disclosure relates, according to some embodiments, to apparatus, systems, and methods for reduction and/or removal of one or more contaminants (e.g., heavy metals, chromium, phosphorous, phosphorous compounds, nitrogen, nitrogen compounds) from a feed composition (e.g., a fluid). Apparatus, systems, and methods, in some embodiments, may be operable to decontaminate a fluid with comparatively little or no contaminant containing waste fluid.
Abstract:
A cleaning system and method of cleaning filters that removes the ash in the plugged regions is disclosed. The filter is subjected to vibrations, which serve to loosen trapped and packed retentate from the filter. The loosened retentate is then captured by a collection bin. The cleaning system can be integral with the intended application, such as within an automobile. In another embodiment, the cleaning system is a separate cleaning station, where the filter is removing from its intended application, cleaned, and then reinstalled.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a device and a method for mixing and exchanging fluids, having a first chamber (2) and a second chamber (4) adjacent to the first chamber, wherein the first chamber (2) is a mixing chamber having static mixing elements (6)permeable in a mixing fluid flow direction by a first fluid (F) and a second fluid (G), and the second chamber (4) is a fluid feeding chamber or fluid discharge chamber permeable by the second fluid (G), a semipermeable membrane (7) being disposed at least in parts of the boundary region between the volume of the first chamber (2) and the volume of the second chamber (4), said membrane being impermeable to molecules or molecule agglomerations of the first fluid (F) and permeable to molecules or molecule agglomerations of the second fluid (G), characterized in that the membrane (7) is made of a material or is coated by a material to which at least the molecules or molecule agglomerations of one of the two fluids (F) comprise a lower affinity, and/or characterized in that the semipermeable membrane (7) is an elastic membrane spanning a support wall (6) having a plurality of holes.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a filtering system for water and waste water, which comprises at least one container in which aerated filter modules (7) are disposed. At least one feed compartment (13) is provided for jointly feeding suspension (10) to be filtered to the filter modules (7). The inventive system is characterized by a feed distribution compartment (12) through which the suspension (10) to be filtered is introduced into the feed compartment (13), the feed distribution compartment (12) being partially guided around the feed compartment (13). The invention allows to reduce the space required below the filter modules for feeding the suspension.
Abstract:
A method of concentrating the solids of a liquid suspension by providing a pressure differential across the walls of permeable, hollow membranes (6) immersed in the liquid suspension (9). The liquid suspension (9) is applied to the outer surface of the porous hollow membranes (6) to induce and sustain filtration through the membrane walls (12) wherein some of the liquid suspension passes through the walls (12) of the membranes (6) to be drawn off as clarified liquid or permeate from the hollow membrane lumens (11), and at least some of the solids are retained on or in the hollow membranes (6) or otherwise as suspended solids within the liquid (9) surrounding the membranes (6). The method includes periodically backwashing the membrane pores using the permeate by applying a gas at a pressure below the bubble point to the membrane lumens (11) to progressively displace at least some of the liquid permeate within the lumens (11) through the membrane pores resulting in removal the solids retained on or in the hollow membranes into the bulk liquid (9) surrounding the membranes (6).
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a method for predicting pressure independent permeation flux and target molecule yield in a permeate resulting from crossflow filtration of particles in a poly-disperse suspension, a method for determining packing density of particles at the membrane wall of a poly-disperse suspension, a method for designing a filtration system for a poly-disperse suspension, a method of selecting operating conditions of a crossflow filtration system for poly-disperse suspensions, and a method of modeling a process for filtration of a poly-disperse suspension using a computer generated program for predicting pressure independent permeation flux and target molecule yield.
Abstract:
Instalación de reciclaje de residuos agropecuarios y similares, que comprende tres operaciones de separación de los residuos y excrementos generados en granjas de cerdos o el alpechín y aguas residuales de las almazaras y molinos de producción de aceite, a fin de obtener agua potable y reutilizable en dichas instalaciones. La instalación comprende en la primera oración de separación de las fases sólida y liquida una pantalla Johnson y un cilindro prensa de contorno perforado. La fase liquida así obtenida es sometida a un proceso de microfiltración / ultrafiltración en un tanque a presión atmosférica con unos difusores inferiores de aire en el seno de las columnas filtrantes, a fin de obtener la separación de las materias fibrosas en suspensión y las sustancias macromoleculares de la fase liquida. La instalación presenta como ultima operación un tanque presurizado donde se lleva a cabo un proceso de osmosis inversa en unos elementos de membrana filtrante dispuestos en vertical y completamente sumergidos en él liquido a filtrar, soportados por una estructura tubular y unas placas de soporte y estando dichos elementos sujetos en su parte superior por un acoplamiento al conducto de filtrado forzado por muelle y un cilindro exterior perforado de sujeción lateral de cada uno de dichos elementos. A su vez, los elementos de membrana filtrante presentan en su parte inferior un colector de agua potable filtrada.
Abstract:
A filter assembly for separating and collecting a layer of particulate matter (e.g., cells) from a liquid containing the particulate matter (e.g., a biological fluid specimen). The filter assembly has a holder and contiguous inner and outer fluid pervious media. The outer fluid pervious medium is attached to the sidewall of the holder. The inner fluid pervious medium is of low fluidic impedance relative to the outer fluid pervious medium. The filter assembly is designed for use in a separation housing that defines two flow paths between inlet and outlet, one directly through the filter and the other around the periphery of the filter. The inlet portion of the housing has a central inlet in a radially sloped surface that faces the filter collection site. A movable suction head is adapted to cooperate with the housing and the filter assembly.