Abstract:
A compact, transportable batch-process supertorrefaction system includes at least one supertorrefying unit, a liquid tank containing molten salt, and a wash tank including a plurality of basins containing water having different temperatures and different salinity. The liquid tank and the wash tank sequentially supply the molten salt and the water to a receiving space of the at least one supertorrefying unit to supertorrefy the biomass into charcoal and to rinse and cool the charcoal, respectively. The plurality of basins of the wash unit sequentially supply water having different temperatures and salinity to the same receiving space to gradually rinse and cool the charcoal. The biomass is not moved in the at least one supertorrfeying unit during biomass supertorrefaction. The charcoal is not moved during charcoal cooling.
Abstract:
The inventions relate to the industrial processing of combustible products. The claimed method is implemented in reactors equipped with temperature sensors (18, 20). A feedstock is heated and subjected to pyrolysis, coking and combustion to form a solid residue. Dust-like particles and condensed droplets of liquids from the combustion zone are sorbed by liquid hydrocarbon products by means of the irrigation of the top part of the feedstock via a distributor or by means of the addition of solid hydrocarbon-containing products to the feedstock, said products having a softening point above 60°C and a boiling point above 300°C. The apparatus comprises a reactor for processing carbon-containing and/or hydrocarbon-containing products, Florence flasks for condensates and a collector for liquid hydrocarbon-containing waste materials. An additional unit for purification of the steam-gas mix is positioned between a cyclone-type unit for purification by removal of solid and liquid carbon-containing particles and a unit for condensing liquid products. The inventions make it possible to increase to 95% the quality of purification of a steam-gas mix by removal of solid and liquid-drop impurities, and to increase the productivity of the process.
Abstract:
A pyrolyzer apparatus (i.e. a "cracking pipe") comprises a first screen, a second screen, and a catalyst material positioned between the first and second screens. The pyrolyzer is structured so that feedstock is pyrolyzed and pyrolyzer-generated gas is drawn through the first screen, through the catalyst material, and then through the second screen in series. The gas may then be directed to other processing equipment so that bio-oil is extracted from the gas.
Abstract:
A moving bed gasification/ thermal treatment reactor includes a geometry which moving bed reactor particles serve as both a moving bed filter and a heat carrier to provide thermal energy for thermal treatment reactions, such that the moving bed filter and the heat carrier are one and the same to remove solid particulates or droplets generated by thermal treatment processes or injected into the moving bed filter from other sources.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a method for increasing the amount of coke oven gas (COG) by reacting high temperature carbon with carbon dioxide and/or water by using waste heat generated at a coke oven, and more specifically, to a method for increasing the amount of COG comprising the following steps of: supplying a gasifying agent, which is carbon dioxide, water or a mixture thereof, to a COG stream in a carbonization chamber of a coke oven; and reacting the gasifying agent with carbon inside the carbonization chamber to gasify the carbon, and a coke oven device suitable for the method.
Abstract:
A method for forming catalytically treated pyrolytic vapor product from pyrolyzable material, the method comprising burning fuel in a fluidized bed boiler, thereby heating some particulate material; transferring at least some of the heated particulate material or some other heated particulate material to a pyrolysis reactor to pyrolyze some pyrolyzable material in the pyrolysis reactor; and conveying at least some pyrolytic vapor through a catalyst bed comprising catalyst material; and conveying at least part of the formed side products upstream back to the process; thereby producing the catalytically treated pyrolytic vapor product in an resource efficient manner. In addition, a system configured to produce catalytically treated pyrolytic vapor product from pyrolyzable material. The system comprises a fluidized bed boiler; a pyrolysis reactor; a catalytic reactor; means for conveying some heated particulate material to the pyrolysis reactor; a pipeline for conveying at least some pyrolytic vapor from the pyrolysis reactor into the catalytic reactor and means for conveying at least part of the formed side products upstream back to the process for recovering heat and chemical energy bound to the side products.
Abstract:
Processes for producing reduced acid lignocellulosic-derived pyrolysis oil are provided. In a process, lignocellulosic material is fed to a heating zone. A basic solid catalyst is delivered to the heating zone. The lignocellulosic material is pyrolyzed in the presence of the basic solid catalyst in the heating zone to create pyrolysis gases. The oxygen in the pyrolysis gases is catalytically converted to separable species in the heating zone. The pyrolysis gases are removed from the heating zone and are liquefied to form the reduced acid lignocellulosic-derived pyrolysis oil.
Abstract:
Processes for producing reduced acid lignocellulosic-derived pyrolysis oil are provided. In a process, lignocellulosic material is fed to a heating zone. A basic solid catalyst is delivered to the heating zone. The lignocellulosic material is pyrolyzed in the presence of the basic solid catalyst in the heating zone to create pyrolysis gases. The oxygen in the pyrolysis gases is catalytically converted to separable species in the heating zone. The pyrolysis gases are removed from the heating zone and are liquefied to form the reduced acid lignocellulosic-derived pyrolysis oil.
Abstract:
The present invention provides a microwave assisted flash pyrolysis system to carry out microwave assisted flash pyrolysis in an industrial scale. The microwave assisted flash pyrolysis system comprises at least one microwave generator; a chamber comprises: at least one feedstock inlet, at least one baffle plate, a microwave-transparent rotating window, and at least one microwave inlet, at least one wet gas outlet, and at least one dry end product outlet. The present invention also provides a method using the same system to carry out microwave assisted flash pyrolysis.