摘要:
Processes for partially deoxygenating a biomass-derived pyrolysis oil to produce a fuel for a burner. A biomass-derived pyrolysis oil stream is combined with a low recycle stream that is a portion of a deoxygenated effluent to form a heated diluted py-oil feed stream, which is contacted with a first deoxygenating catalyst in the presence of hydrogen at first hydroprocessing conditions effective to form the effluent stream. The effluent may be separated and used to provide a product fuel stream for a burner.
摘要:
A combustion tool fuel cell is provided having enhanced low temperature operation, including a fuel composition comprising at least one hydrocarbon component with a total vapor pressure equal or above 95 psig at 21C.
摘要:
Use of a composition comprising a base formulation of one or more alkyl esters of a C6- C16 carboxylic acid or mixtures thereof as a fuel composition is provided. The use of the fuel composition is specifically provided for use as a lamp fuel, a lighter fuel, and/or a fuel for cooking, heating or cooling. Specifically, use of a composition as a lamp fuel is provided, wherein the composition comprises by weight 35-45% C8 methyl esters, 25- 35% C10 methyl esters, 15-25% C12 methyl esters, and/or 5-15% C14 methyl esters. Also provided is a method for producing a fuel composition comprising the steps of a) providing a vegetable oil, b) preparing alkyl esters of carboxylic acids comprised in said vegetable oil by esterification and/or transesterification, c) optionally isolating one or more of said alkyl esters of said carboxylic acids, wherein said alkyl esters of carboxylic acids comprised in said vegetable oil and/or said one or more isolated alkyl esters constitute said fuel composition.
摘要:
Fuel gas compositions for use in metal fabrication are provided comprising fuel gases comprising a base fuel gas mixed with from about 1% to less than 30% hydrogen.
摘要:
A composition, including 40-50 wt-% C14 paraffins, based on the total weight of the composition, and 35-45 wt-% C15 paraffins, based on the total weight of the composition, wherein the C14 and C15 paraffins are produced from a biological raw material.
摘要:
The present invention provides a Fischer-Tropsch derived gas oil fraction having an initial boiling point of at least 270°C and a final boiling point of at most 305°C. In another aspect the present invention provides a functional fluid formulation comprising a Fischer-Tropsch derived gas oil fraction having an initial boiling point of at least 270°C and a final boiling point of at most 305°C.
摘要:
A fuel element adapted for use in a smoking article is provided, the fuel element including a combustible carbonaceous material in an amount of at least 25% by dry weight, based on the weight of the fuel element, and a particulate ignition aid dispersed throughout the fuel element and selected from ceramic particles, cellulose particles, fullerenes, impregnated activated carbon particles, inorganic salts, and combinations thereof, wherein the average particle size of the ignition aid is less than about 1,000 microns. Also provided are elongate smoking articles having a lighting end and an opposed mouth end, and including the above-noted fuel element configured for ignition of the lighting end.
摘要:
The present invention provides a Fischer-Tropsch derived gas oil having an initial boiling point of at least 175°C and a final boiling point of at most 360°C. In another aspect the present invention provides a functional fluid formulation comprising a Fischer-Tropsch derived gas oil having an initial boiling point of at least 175°C and a final boiling point of at most 360°C.
摘要:
The present invention provides a Fischer-Tropsch derived gas oil having an initial boiling point of at least 165°C and a final boiling point of at most 360°C. In another aspect the present invention provides a functional fluid formulation comprising a Fischer-Tropsch derived gas oil having an initial boiling point of at least 165°C and a final boiling point of at most 360°C.