摘要:
A method for providing fast and efficient solution of partial differential equations to calculate the permittivity modes of an arbitrarily complex scatterer geometry using a modal approach, comprising the steps of defining the background geometry and the scatterer's geometry; embedding each scatterer in a simpler geometry; calculating the base transverse modes for each embedding geometry; for each scatterer, calculating the longitudinal modes; calculating the overlap matrix; solving and the resulting eigenvalue equation, using the base transverse modes that have been calculated for each embedding geometry and the longitudinal modes that have been calculated for the each scatterer; if there is more than one scatterer, hybridizing the modes of each pair of scatterers, otherwise, solving the resulting eigenvalue equation for the complete structure; projecting the source is on target modes; substituting the result is in the final equation.
摘要:
Systems and methods for sorting food items using electrical impedance tomography (EIT) are disclosed. Signals measured from food items with an EIT sensor may be used to sort food items into multiple outputs. Food items may be sorted based on the presence or lack of defects and/or characteristics of the food items, such as moisture content. The presence or lack of defects and characteristics of food items may be determined based on signals measured by the EIT sensor.
摘要:
A circuit, system, and method for converting self capacitance to a digital value is described. A pair of charge transfer circuits, each comprising a deadband switch network, a sensor capacitor or modulation capacitor, and an integration capacitor may be coupled to a comparator configured to produce a bitstream output representative of the capacitance of the sensor capacitor of one of the charge transfer circuits.
摘要:
L'invention concerne un procédé et dispositif de détection de matériaux constituant une pièce (10), dans lesquels on mesure des éléments chimiques formant une surface de la pièce. Selon l'invention, on détectera efficacement la présence d'une couche superficielle sur la pièce, et le cas échéant on entamera la surface de la pièce afin d'effectuer à nouveau la détection en profondeur au-delà de la couche superficielle. L'invention propose en outre un dispositif particulièrement adapté à cette mise en œuvre qui permet notamment sur le tri de polymères noirs, avec identification de matière et détection de retardateur de flamme.
摘要:
In described examples, a resistance is measured without physical contact/connection to the resistance. A resistive element (11) to be measured is physically connected as part of a passive electrical circuit (19). Without physically contacting the resistive element (11), an electromagnetic field (E) is used for producing an excitation in the passive electrical circuit (19). The resistance of the resistive element (11) is determined based on an effect of the excitation on the electromagnetic field (E).
摘要:
Die beschriebene Vorrichtung umfasst erste und eine zweiten Wechselspannungsquelle für eine Wechselspannung zwischen einem ersten bzw. zweiten Anschluss einerseits und einem Referenzanschluss andererseits. Ein erster und ein zweiter Spannungsmesser erfassen eine erste bzw. zweite Spannung zwischen dem ersten bzw. zweiten Anschluss einerseits und dem Referenzanschluss andererseits. Eine Steuereinheit steuert die Wechselspannungsquellen, erhält die Spannungen von den betreffenden Spannungsmessern und ermittelt einen ersten und/oder zweiten Isolationswiderstand für eine erste und/oder zweite Baugruppe, die mit dem betreffenden Anschluss verbunden ist. Dieser Isolationswiderstand ist relativ zu einem mit dem Referenzanschluss verbundenen Potential. Ein Vorladezustand einer mit dem ersten Anschluss verbundenen kapazitiven Last wird ermittelt, die von einer mit dem zweiten Anschluss verbundenen Spannungsversorgung vorgeladen wird. Der Schaltzustand für mindestens einen, zwischen zwei Baugruppen angeordneten Schalter wird ermittelt. Die Baugruppen sind mit dem ersten bzw. zweiten Anschluss verbunden. Es werden ferner ein Verfahren, eine Motorsteuerung und ein Computerprogramm beschrieben.
摘要:
An apparatus for determining potentiometer indexed position is disclosed. The apparatus (100) comprises at least one potentiometer having a resistance R, a resistance R 1 from a first end of the potentiometer to its wiper, and a resistance R 2 from a second end of the potentiometer to its wiper; a capacitor (C); and a microcontroller (M) adapted to alternately put said resistances R 1 and R 2 in a circuit to obtain time ( t 1 ) required for said capacitor to charge and time ( t 2 ) required for said capacitor to discharge, to determine said potentiometer indexed position using equation [ t 1 /( t 1 i+ t 2 )]*total number of said potentiometer indexed positions.
摘要:
A method includes determining a total forward power using a frequency domain version of a forward signal transmitted over a cable/connector system to one or more antennas. The method includes determining a total reflected power using a frequency domain version of a reflected signal comprising a reflected version of the forward signal. The method also includes determining a condition of the cable/connector system using the total forward power and the total reflected power. The method may include determimng an estimated reflection coefficient based on the total forward power and the total reflected power and associating the estimated reflection coefficient with the condition of the cable/connector system. Apparatus, program products, and software are also disclosed.
摘要:
고장 자가 진단 기능을 구비한 절연 저항 측정 장치 및 이를 이용한 고장 자가 진단 방법을 개시한다. 본 발명에 따른 고장 자가 진단 기능을 구비한 절연 저항 측정 장치는 진단부의 미 연결 상태(절연 저항 측정 모드)에서 검출된 제1 및 제2 절연 검출 전압과 상기 진단부가 연결된 상태(고장 자가 진단 모드)에서 검출된 제1 및 제2 진단 검출 전압을 이용하여 절연 저항 측정 장치의 고장 여부를 판별한다. 본 발명에 따르면, 절연 저항을 측정할 수 있는 절연 저항 측정 장치의 본래의 기능을 이용하여 고장 여부를 자가 진단 할 수 있다.
摘要:
An apparatus and method for measuring the level of a wide range of varied surfaces or materials housed within vessels, and for detecting contact with a solid surface within the vessel is disclosed. A high precision radio frequency admittance measuring system, using capacitance to measure levels of process materials, coupled with detection element to sense contact of the detection element with a solid surface, such as a floating roof. An active element and ground element in coaxial relationship provides means for measuring the level of process materials including water, oil, kerosene, jet fuel, gasoline. Along with detecting the level of a solid surface within the vessel such as a floating roof. One preferred application of the inventive apparatus is to provide vessel or tank overfill protection. The apparatus detection element is capable of sensing level and non-level solid surfaces.