Abstract:
An optical instrument monitors PCR replication of DNA in a reaction apparatus having a temperature cycled block with vials of reaction ingredients including dye that fluoresces in presence of double-stranded DNA. A beam splitter passes an excitation beam to the vials to fluoresce the dye. An emission beam from the dye is passed by the beam splitter to a CCD detector from which a processor computes DNA concentration. A reference strip with a plurality of reference emitters emit reference beams of different intensity, from which the processor selects an optimum emitter for compensating for drift. Exposure time is automatically adjusted for keeping within optimum dynamic ranges of the CCD and processor. A module of the beam splitter and associated optical filters is associated with selected dye, and is replaceable for different dyes.
Abstract:
A description is given of an optical inspection device for inspecting two oppositely located surfaces (3, 4) of a transparent object (1), for example a lithographic mask. The device is constructed in such a manner that for each inspection beam (a, c) the radiation path to the surface to be inspected (3, 4) is substantially equal to the radiation path from the surface to be inspected to a detector (29, 40), so that these paths comprise the same scanning element (10), preferably a mirror polygon. By virtue thereof, the radiation spots formed on the detectors are stationary and an inspection signal having a good signal-to-noise ratio is obtained.
Abstract:
Détecteur et procédé de mesure de la concentration d'acool dans un mélange alcool/hydrocarbure utilisé pour des véhicules ayant des caractéristiques flexibles d'utilisation de carburant. Le détecteur et le procédé se caractérisent par une paire d'éléments de détection (27, 28) qui détectent l'absorbance de deux bandes de longueur d'ondes différentes d'énergie transmise par le carburant. La première bande ayant une première longueur d'onde est absorbée par l'alcool et n'est pratiquement pas absorbée par les hydrocarbures et autres non-alcools dans le mélange de carburant. La seconde bande de seconde longueur d'onde ou bande de référence est sélectionnée lorsque l'absorbance des alcools et des hydrocarbures est essentiellement la même et de préférence égale à zéro. La sortie des deux détecteurs (27, 28) est proportionnée pour produire un signal représentatif de la teneur en alcool du mélange de carburant. Dans un mode préférentiel de réalisation, les éléments de détection (27, 28) sont inclus dans une thermopile différentielle.
Abstract:
For enhancing the sensitivity and achieving a more accurate measurement with an analyzer comprising a light source (ll) surrounded by an inside reflective housing connected to a cell (l) and having a detector (l2) arranged at an outlet side (3), the reflective housing is formed by a two curved surfaces body with a light source (l5) and one end side of the cell (l) as focuses so that the scattered light radiating from the light source (l5) is reflected by the inside circumferential surface of the double curved surfaces body to turn to one end side of the cell (l), the light input side of which is positioned in the other focus (l6). The invention is particularly advantageous for fluid-modulation type analyzers and avoids expensive collector lenses and/or laser light sources.
Abstract:
An optical head assembly for use in a spectrometer is provided that is configured to characterize one or more constituents within a sample gas. The assembly includes a thermoelectric cooler (TEC) having a cold side on one end and a hot side on an opposite end, a cold plate in thermal communication with the cold side of the TEC, a hot block in thermal communication with the hot side of the TEC, a light source in thermal communication with the cold plate such that a change in temperature of the TEC causes one or more properties of the light source (e.g., wavelength, etc.) to change, and an optical element in thermal communication with the cold plate positioned to collimate light emitted by the light source through the sample gas (such that properties of the optical element vary based on a change in temperature of the TEC).
Abstract:
Apparatus, systems and methods are provided for production and integration of compact illumination schemes. More particularly, disclosed embodiments relate to apparatus/systems and methods for production of highly compact illumination schemes, whereby photoacoustic waves are induced in a target sample. Additionally, the disclosed apparatus/systems and methods are effective to produce compact and portable integrated transducer-illumination arrays. Apparatus disclosed generally include at least one lighting source and a beamsplitting assembly. Systems disclosed generally include one or more apparatus for the production of compact lighting schemes, an ultrasonic transducer assembly and means for coupling the one or more apparatus and US transducer assembly with a target sample.
Abstract:
An apparatus, a method and a computer program product for inspecting at least side faces of a semiconductor device are disclosed. A frame construction is provided, which holds a camera, defining an imaging beam path. The semiconductor device is inserted into a mirror block. The mirror block has a first mirror, a second mirror, a third mirror and a fourth mirror, wherein the mirrors are arranged such that they surround a free space in the form of a rectangle. The opposing first mirror and third mirror are fixedly mounted and the opposing second mirror and fourth mirror movably mounted. A tilted mirror directs an image of the side faces of the semiconductor substrate generated by the mirror block to the camera.
Abstract:
An optical absorption gas sensor includes a radiation source, detector and radiation guide which has a rectangular cross section and curves around a side of the cross section. Locating elements locate a support element relative to the radiation guide to align the radiation source and detector with the guide. Radiation from the reference radiation source may be transmitted through a transparent measurement radiation source. Radiation from a reference radiation source may be directed around the measurement reference source. A light emitting diode may generate radiation which is detected by a photodiode and the photodiode may be driven to generate radiation having a different emission spectrum detectable using the light emitting diode, in another operating mode. Two or more abutting L-shaped radiation guide portions may form the radiation guide.