Abstract:
The invention relates to a reactor for carrying out heterogeneously catalysed gas phase reactions, comprising an in-built element (11, 35) or multiple in-built elements (11, 35) arranged behind one another in the flow direction of the gas mixture of the heterogeneously catalysed gas phase reaction through the reactor (10), wherein the in-built elements extend over the entire reactor cross-section, characterised in that the one or multiple in-built elements (11, 35) are formed at least partially from a fibre-composite ceramic material.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a reactor (R) with a device (D) containing a gas and/or liquid-permeable base (B) in whose edge region a lateral boundary (W) is arranged which entirely surrounds the base (B) and forms a volume (V), said volume containing catalytic and/or non-catalytic moulded bodies (F), wherein at least one mesh made of noble metal and/or non-noble metal is located on the side opposing the base (B) in the upstream direction, and the catalytic and/or non-catalytic moulded bodies (F) are selected from (i) moulded bodies (F1) in the form of straight prisms whose base surface is selected from a triangle, rectangle, hexagon or fragments of these polygons, or (ii) a combination of the moulded bodies (F1) with moulded bodies (F2) that are smaller than the moulded bodies (F1), characterised in that groups of m to n moulded bodies (F1), where m/n is a whole number between 3-30 and n > m, are bound to form modules (M) in a metal cassette that is open upstream and closed with a gas-permeable base in the downstream direction, with their lateral surfaces side by side practically without a gap and with their longitudinal axis oriented in the vertical direction, such that the cross-section of the base is practically entirely covered, and which modules (M) are joined to one another in a mosaic-like manner practically without a gap, with the vertical orientation of the longitudinal axis of the moulded bodies (F1), optionally with the cooperation of a joint filling material.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for carrying out an exothermic gas phase reaction on a heterogeneous particulate catalyst, which is introduced into the contact tubes of two or more multi-tube reactors (R-l, R-Il) into the gaps between the thermal plates of two or more thermal plate reactors or in the beds of two or more bed reactors traversed by heat exchange means, wherein a heat transfer medium circulates through the intermediate space between the contact tubes (KR) of the two or more multi-tube reactors (R-l, R-Il), through the thermal plates of the two or more thermal plate reactors or through the heat exchange means of the two or more bed reactors, wherein the method comprises a production mode and a regenerating mode, characterised in that the two or more multi-tube reactors (R-l, R-Il), thermal plate reactors, or bed reactors have a single heat transfer medium circuit, and that always as many of the two or more multi-tube reactors (R-l, R-Il), thermal plate reactors, or bed reactors are operated in production mode that the released heat of reaction minus the amount of heat consumed for heating of the feed stream (1) in all multi-tube reactors (R-l, R-Il), thermal plate reactors or bed reactors to reaction temperature in the production mode is sufficient, such that the temperature of the heat transfer medium in the intermediate spaces between the contact tubes (KR) of all the multi-tube reactors (R-l, R-Il), in the thermal plates of all the thermal plate reactors or in the heat exchange means of the bed reactors is kept constant at a fluctuation range of a maximum of +/- 10 °C.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a material for sealing cavities between components that are constituted of materials with different temperature behaviors, the material containing an expanding mat. The invention is characterized in that the expanding mat is completely laminated in plastic film and that vacuum conditions are created in the interior space delimited by the plastic film and containing the expanding mat.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a reactor (1) in the form of a cylinder or prism for carrying out autothermal gas-phase dehydrogenation of a gas flow (2) containing hydrocarbons by means of a gas flow (3) containing oxygen so as to obtain a reaction gas mixture, on a heterogeneous catalyst, which is designed as a monolith (4), the interior of the reactor (1) being divided by a circular cylindrical or prismatic gas-tight housing (G) arranged in the longitudinal direction of the reactor (1) into an inner region (A) having one or more catalytically active zones (5), in each of which a respective packing of monoliths (4) stacked one on the other, one next to the other, and one behind the other and, before each catalytically active zone (5), a respective mixing zone (6) having fixed installations are provided, and an outer region (B) arranged coaxial with the inner region (A), said reactor being characterized in that the inner region (A) is insulated from the outer region (B) of the reactor by means of a microporous high-performance insulating material (15) having a thermal conductivity value (λ) less than 0.05 W/m*K at temperatures up to 700 °C.