Abstract:
The present invention relates to methods, process, and integrated systems for economically producing (E)-1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene via vapor phase and/or liquid processes.
Abstract:
This invention is an integrated process which removes acidic gases such as H2S, COS and CO2 from raw synthesis gas. The H2S and COS is concentrated and separately recovered. The separately recovered CO2 is used as a moderator with the purified syngas in a combustion turbine. The process comprises separating H2S and COS from a raw synthesis gas by absorption with a liquid solvent, removing coabsorbed CO2 by stripping the solvent with nitrogen, separating the H2S and COS from the solvent and recovering sulfur from the H2S and COS. The energy value of the CO2 and its value as a diluent in reducing NOx is recovered by using the CO2 as a moderator during combustion of the purified synthesis gas in a gas turbine.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for regenerating a supported hydrogenation catalyst containing ruthenium, wherein the catalyst is treated with steam and subsequently dried. The invention further relates to an integrated method for hydrogenating benzene to form cyclohexane in the presence of a supported catalyst containing ruthenium, comprising the catalyst regeneration steps in addition to the hydrogenation step.
Abstract:
The present invention is directed to a method for preparing renewable and relatively high purity p-xylene from biomass. For example, biomass treated to provide a fermentation feedstock is fermented with a microorganism capable of producing a C 4 alcohol such as isobutanol, then sequentially dehydrating the isobutanol in the presence of a dehydration catalyst to provide a C 4 alkene such as isobutylene, dimerizing the C 4 alkene to a form one or more C 8 alkenes such as 2,4,4-trimethylpentenes or 2,5-dimethylhexene, then dehydrocyclizing the C 8 alkenes in the presence of a dehydrocyclization catalyst to selectively form renewable p-xylene in high overall yield. The p-xylene can then be oxidized to form terephthalic acid or terephthalate esters.
Abstract:
An integrated process is described for the preparation of ethylbenzene and cumene, comprising the following stages: (a) contacting benzene and an olefin chosen from ethylene and propylene, in the presence of a catalyst containing one or more zeolites, (b) contacting the mixture resulting from the previous stage with an olefin chosen from ethylene and propylene, said olefin being different from that used in stage (a), and possibly with benzene, in the presence of a catalyst containing one or more zeolites, (c) subjecting the mixture resulting from stage (b) to separation in order to isolate at least one fraction containing ethylbenzene and a fraction containing cumene. A preferred aspect is that the olefin used in stage (a) is ethylene and the olefin used in stage (b) is propylene. In stage (c) a fraction containing polyalkylbenzenes to be sent to a transalkylation step for the recovery of further ethylbenzene and cumene, can also be isolated.
Abstract:
Alcohols, ethers, and olefins are manufactured from alkanes by mixing an alkane and bromine in a reactor to form alkyl bromide and hydrogen bromide. The alkyl bromide only or the alkyl bromide and the hydrogen bromide are directed into contact with metal oxide to form an alcohol and/or an ether, or an olefin and metal bromide. The metal bromide is oxidized to form original metal oxide and bromine, both of which are recycled.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a process for producing an olefin. Said process comprises the steps of: (a) culturing by fermentation in a sufficient amount of nutrients and media a microbial organism that produces a first olefin, and (b) contacting said first olefin with a sufficient amount of a disubstituted alkene in the presence of an olefin metathesis transformation catalyst to produce second, different olefin. Preferably, the first olefin is fumaric acid or a fumarate diester and the second olefin is acrylic acid or an acrylate ester.
Abstract:
An integrated process for the manufacture of HFO trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO trans-1234ze) by first catalytically dehydrofluorinating 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane to thereby produce a mixture of cis-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene and hydrogen fluoride, recovering hydrogen fluoride, catalytically isomerizing cis-1234ze into trans-1234ze, and recovering trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene.
Abstract:
L'invention concerne un procédé intégré de production d'oxygène in situ, combustion en boucle chimique et gazéification des combustibles liquides, solides ou gazeux permettant la combustion de charbon, de coke de pétrole et/ou des hydrocarbures liquides et surtout les résidus lourds et/ou extra-lourds ou bitumeux pour la production de gaz de synthèse sous pression et/ou d'énergie.