摘要:
A method using irradiation with optical light in the presence of a chemical dissolved in a solvent, which chemical reacts with the surface in the presence of the irradiation to modify the surface (12A, 104A, 202A, 304A, 402A, 502A) of a substrate (12, 104, 202, 304, 402, 502) is described. The light can be pulsed or continuous. The method is significantly enhanced by the presence of water (14, 124, 204, 308, 410, 508) as the solvent containing the dissolved chemical on the surface. The treated surfaces are more paintable and bondable.
摘要:
A laser system (23) using ultrashort laser pulses is provided. In another aspect of the present invention, the system includes a laser (23), pulse shaper (121) and detection device (35). A further aspect of the present invention employs a femtosecond laser (223) and a spectrometer (503). Still another aspect of the present invention uses a laser beam pulse (23), a pulse shaper (121) and a SHG crystal (507). In yet another aspect of the present invention, a multiphoton intrapulse interference phase scan system and method characterize the spectral phase of femtosecond laser pulses. Fiber optic (451) communication systems, photodynamic therapy and pulse characterization tests use the laser system with additional aspects of the present invention.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a process for producing poly-D-(-)-3-hydroxybutyric acid (PHB) and related polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) in the plastids of plants. The production of PHB is accomplished by genetically transforming plants with modified genes from microorganisms. The genes encode the enzymes required to synthesize PHB from acetyl-CoA or related metabolites and are fused with additional plant sequences for targeting the enzymes to the plastid.
摘要:
An euthanasia solution based upon gamma-hydroxybutramide, a cardiotoxic amount of a compound selected from a chloroquine and quinacrine compound and lidocaine as a base or as a water soluble salt is described. The composition provides effective euthanasia without unwanted side effects, particularly in dogs, cats and horses. In addition, it does not contain substances controlled by the Federal Drug Control Administration.
摘要:
The present invention is directed to composition and methods related to the synthesis and modification of uridine-5'-diphospho-sulfoquinovose (UDP-SQ).In particular, the methods of the present invention comprise the utilization of recombinant enzymes from Arabidopsis thaliana, UDP-glucose, and a sulfur donor to synthesize UDP-SQ, and the subsequent modification of UDP-SQ to form compounds inlcuding, but not limited to, 6-sulfo-a-D-quinovosyl diaclyglycerol (SQDG) and alkyl sulfoquinovoside. The compositions and methods of the invention provide a more simple, rapid means of synthesizing UDP-SQ, and the subsequent modification of UDP-SQ to compounds including, but not limited to, SQDG.
摘要:
A process for producing protected 3-amino-1,2-dihydroxypropane acetal, particularly in chiral forms, for use as an intermediate in the preparation of various 3-carbon compounds which are chiral. In particular, the present invention relates to the process for preparation of 3-amino-1,2-dihydroxypropane isopropylidene acetal. The protected 3-amino-1,2-dihydroxypropane acetal is a key intermediate to the preparation of chiral 3-carbon compounds which in turn are intermediates to various pharmaceuticals.
摘要:
Disclosed are methods using neutral red to mediate the interconversion of chemical and electrical energy. Electrically reduced neutral red has been found to promote cell growth and formation of reduced products by reversibly increasing the ratio of the reduced:oxidized forms of NAD(H) or NADP(H). Electrically reduced neutral red is able to serve as the sole source of reducing power for microbial cell growth. Neutral red is also able to promote conversion of chemical energy to electrical energy by facilitating the transfer of electrons from microbial reducing power to a fuel cell cathode.
摘要:
A method for the preparation of new quasi-crystalline, porous inorganic oxide materials possessing uniform framework-confined mesopores in the range 2.0-10.0 nm and large elementary particle size of more than 500.0 nm. The method uses an interaction between various non-ionic polyethylene oxide based surfactants (N DEG ) and neutral inorganic oxide precursors (I DEG ) at ambient reaction temperatures. The materials formed exhibit semi-ordered arrays of well defined pores owing to the specific mechanism of self-assembly, large pore wall thicknesses of at least 2.0 nm producing highly stable materials and large particle sizes incorporating large numbers of pores. This (N DEG I DEG ) templating approach introduces several new concepts to mesostructure synthesis. The application of the low-cost, non-toxic and biodegradable surfactants and ambient reaction temperatures, introduces environmentally clean synthetic techniques to the formation of mesostructures. Recovery of the template can be achieved through solvent extraction where the solvent may be water or ethanol.
摘要:
The present invention provides vaccines and methods for making the vaccines that actively or passively protect an equid or other animal against Sarcocystis neurona. In particular, the present invention provides vaccines that provide active immunity which comprise a polypeptide or DNA vaccine that contains or expresses at least one epitope of an antigen that has an amino acid sequence substantially similar to a unique 16 (+/-4) kDa antigen and/or 30 (+/-4) kDa antigen of Sarcocystis neurona. The present invention further provides a vaccine that provides passive immunity to Sarcocystis neurona comprising polyclonal or monoclonal antibodies against at least one epitope of an antigen substantially similar to a unique 16 (+/-4) kDa antigen and/or 30 (+/-4) kDa antigen of Sarcocystis neurona.