摘要:
A cement composition contains 35-85 % by weight of a cement, 3-15 % by weight of a clay, 1-50 % by weight of an aggregate and/or a fibrous material, and 0.2-5 % by weight of a high efficiency retarder. A benefit of the present invention is that equipment used to apply cement compositions need not be cleaned every night when used on a construction site.
摘要:
The invention relates to an interface-active composition comprised of: (a) at least one ampholytic protein or peptide, and; (b) at least one polar anionic and/or non-ionic polymeric natural compound. The invention also relates to the use of the compound as softeners, sizing substances, leveling agents, cleansers, detergents, emulsifiers, dispersing agents, cosmetic products, an additive used in the construction industry or for paints or wood protective agents, for floor repair and for protecting plants.
摘要:
A method of making a composite product includes the steps of mixing a hydraulic binder and water to form a paste and then introducing a foam into the paste to form a foamed product. The foam is generated from a mixture of a polyvinyl alcohol solution and a second hydrophilic polymer such as gelatin. The foamed product is formed into a desired shape and the hydraulic binder is allowed to set to form the composite product.
摘要:
Compositions and methods for manufacturing sheets having a starch-bound matrix reinforced with fibers and optionally including an inorganic mineral filler. Suitable mixtures for forming the sheets are prepared by mixing together water, unmodified and ungelatinized starch granules, a cellulosic ether, fibers, and optionally an inorganic mineral filler in the correct proportions to form a sheet having desired properties. The mixtures are formed into sheets by passing them between one or more sets of heated rollers to form green sheets. The heated rollers cause the cellulosic ether to form a skin on the outer surfaces of the sheet that prevents the starch granules from causing the sheet to adhere to the rollers upon gelation of the starch. The green sheets are passed between heated rollers to gelatinize the starch granules, and then to dry the sheet by removing a substantial portion of the water by evaporation. The starch and cellulosic ether form the binding matrix of the sheets with the fibers and optional inorganic filler dispersed throughout the binding matrix. The starch-bound sheets can be cut, rolled, pressed, scored, perforated, folded, and glued to fashion articles from the sheets much like paper or paperboard. The sheets are particularly useful in the mass production of containers, such as food and beverage containers.
摘要:
Compositions and methods for manufacturing sheets having a starch-bound matrix reinforced with fibers and optionally including an inorganic mineral filler. Suitable mixtures for forming the sheets are prepared by mixing together water, unmodified and ungelatinized starch granules, a cellulosic ether, fibers, and optionally an inorganic mineral filler in the correct proportions to form a sheet having desired properties. The mixtures are formed into sheets by passing them between one or more sets of heated rollers to form green sheets. The heated rollers cause the cellulosic ether to form a skin on the outer surfaces of the sheet that prevents the starch granules from causing the sheet to adhere to the rollers upon gelation of the starch. The green sheets are passed between heated rollers to gelatinize the starch granules, and then to dry the sheet by removing a substantial portion of the water by evaporation. The starch and cellulosic ether form the binding matrix of the sheets with the fibers and optional inorganic filler dispersed throughout the binding matrix. The starch-bound sheets can be cut, rolled, pressed, scored, perforated, folded, and glued to fashion articles from the sheets much like paper or paperboard. The sheets are particularly useful in the mass production of containers, such as food and beverage containers.
摘要:
Zur Herstellung einer leichten, offenporigen, mineralischen Dämmplatte mit einer Rohdichte unter 130 kg/m werden folgende Schritte angewendet: a) Herstellen einer Wasser/Feststoff-Suspension durch intensives Mischen der nachstehenden Rohstoffe in einem Intensiv-Mischer mit drehendem Mischgutbehälter und mit hoher Drehzahl rotierendem Mischwerkzeug unter Verwendung von Wasser und, jeweils bezogen auf den Gesamtfeststoffgehalt, 40 bis 48 M.-% (Masse - Prozent) Quarzmehl mit einer spezifischen Oberfläche nach BET von mindestens 2,5 m /g, 15 bis 20 M.-% Kalkhydrat mit einer spezifischen Oberfläche von mindestens 15 m /g, 25 bis 35 M.-% Zement, 0,3 bis 0,5 M.-% Hydrophobiermittel, Rest Additive, wobei das Verhältnis von Zement zu Kalkhydrat 1,5 bis 2,3 : 1 beträgt, der Bindemittelanteil im Bereich von 45 bis 52 M.-% liegt und die Suspension einen Wasser/Feststoff-Faktor (ohne Schaum) von 0,7 bis 1,2 aufweist, b) Bereitstellen eines Schaumes aus Wasser, Luft und einem Porenbildner mit einer Rohdichte von 40 bis 50 kg/m , c) Einleiten des Schaumes in die noch im Mischgutbehältnis befindliche Wasser/Feststoff-Suspension bei laufendem Intensiv-Mischer und Untermischen des Schaumes bei niedriger Drehzahl des Mischwerkzeuges in maximal 120 Sekunden, d) Eingießen der Rohmischung in mindestens eine Form, e) Ansteifenlassen der Rohmischung zu einem noch plastischen Block mit ausreichender Grünstandsfestigkeit, f) Anheben des plastischen Blockes vom Formboden mittels Vakuum, g) Schneiden des Blockes mittels Drähten in einzelne Dämmplatten und h) Härten der Dämmplatten in einem Autoklaven.
摘要:
A hinge for use in inorganically filled composite materials is provided. The hinge has an inorganically filled structural matrix comprising a water-dispersable organic polymer binder, an aggregate material, and a fibrous material. The hinge allows inorganically filled materials to be bent along a line without breakage of the material. The hinge is preferably formed by scoring a formed sheet of inorganically filled material (50). The hinge is particularly useful in containers that require bending of various container parts, such as in food containers and boxes made from inorganically filled materials.
摘要:
Containers incorporating a hydraulically settable structural matrix including a hydraulically settable binder such as cement for use in the storing, dispensing, and/or packaging of food and beverage products are disclosed. The disposable and nondisposable food and beverage articles of manufacture have high tensile, compressive, and flexural strengths, and are lightweight, insulative (if desired), inexpensive, and more environmentally compatible than those currently used. These disposable containers and cups are particularly useful for dispensing hot and cold food and beverages in the fast food restaurant environment. The structural matrix of the food and beverage containers includes a hydraulic cement paste (formed from the reaction of water with, e.g., a portland-type cement) preferably in combination with a rheology-modifying plasticizer, such as methylhydroxyethylcellulose, various aggregate materials, and fibrous materials, which provide desired properties at a cost which is economical.
摘要:
Das Bindemittel enthaltend Zement, α-Calciumsulfat-Halbhydrat und weitere Zusätze besteht aus 40 bis 60 Gewichtsteilen α-Halbhydrat, 40 bis 60 Gewichtsteilen aluminatarmem Zement, 3 bis 10 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 5 bis 8 Gew.-%, feinteiliger Kieselsäure sowie gewünschtenfalls bis zu 2 Gew.-% Verflüssiger, Verzögerer und/oder Beschleuniger. Das Bindemittel kann breit verwendet werden, da es temperaturunabhängig abbindet, in weiten Bereichen einstellbare Verarbeitungszeiten aufweist, schwindfrei abbindet, steilen Festigkeitsanstieg aufweist, bei hoher Endfestigkeit und Wasserbeständigkeit der Produkte.