摘要:
Le procédé de fabrication d'une bûche combustible à partir d'une composition granulaire comportant du marc de café, comporte : - une étape (215) de mélange de grains de marc de café avec un liant solide ou pâteux à 20 °C et - une étape (220) d'imprégnation par liquéfaction du liant à une température supérieure à sa température de fusion et pendant une durée inférieure à la durée d'imprégnation du coeur d'au moins 50 % en masse des grains de marc de café. Dans des modes de réalisation, l'étape d'imprégnation comporte : - une étape d'extrusion, en mettant en oeuvre une extrudeuse comportant, sur au moins une vis, une partie amont et une partie avale dans le sens de déplacement de la composition et - une étape de chauffage pour chauffer la composition granulaire présente dans l'extrudeuse à proximité de la partie avale à une température supérieure à la température de la composition granulaire à proximité de la partie amont.
摘要:
Carboxydotrophic acetogenic microorganisms do not produce MEK and/or 2-butanol. They lack the biosynthesis pathways to make these products. In addition, they produce the intermediate (R,R)-2,3-butanediol whereas the production of MEK and 2-butanol requires production of the intermediate (R,S)-2,3-butanediol. Nonetheless, the production of MEK and/or 2-butanol can be accomplished using recombinant microorganisms adapted to express or overexpress key enzymes in the MEK and/or 2-butanol biosynthesis pathways. Such microorganisms, such as the carboxydotrophic acetogen Clostridium autoethanogenum, can ferment substrates comprising CO. The overall scheme involves the production of 2-butanol from (R,S)-2,3-butanediol and the conversion of (R)-acetoin to (S)-2,3-butanediol. These steps are involved in the production of both MEK and 2-butanol. Such fermentation methods offer a means of using carbon monoxide from industrial processes which would otherwise be released into the atmosphere and pollute the environment.
摘要:
A char composition made by an oxygen-starved microwave process from an organic-carbon-containing feedstock is described. Feedstock is introduced into a substantially microwave-transparent reaction chamber. A microwave source emits microwaves which are directed through the microwave-transparent wall of the reaction chamber to impinge on the feedstock within the reaction chamber. The microwave source may be rotated relative to the reaction chamber. The feedstock is subjected to microwaves until the desired reaction occurs to produce a fuel. A catalyst can be mixed with the feedstock to enhance the reaction process.
摘要:
A method for producing a chemical product by continuous fermentation utilizing a separation membrane under conditions at a pH of not more than 3.5, wherein yeast having vanillin resistance is used to enable efficient production of a chemical product without leaving a large amount of fermentation feedstock unused, is provided.
摘要:
Provided are methods, systems and apparatuses to the energy efficient and selective extraction of biomolecules, e.g., small organic compounds, e.g., one or more C3-C9 alcohols, one or more C3-C5 carboxylic acids, and mixtures thereof, from an aqueous solution, particularly aqueous solutions containing the alcohol in dilute or low concentrations, for example, fermentation broths.