摘要:
The invention relates to a method for regenerating the extractive potential of an organic hydroxyoxime-based extraction solution used in the recovery of metals by liquid-liquid extraction. The method is two-stage, in which a solid hydroxylamine is used in the reaction stage, and the removal of the undesirable compounds generated in the reaction occurs in the second stage by adsorption purification. The method of the invention is suitable for treatment of degraded oxime metal extractants in various process organic solutions both in aldehyde and ketoxime extractant solutions. The method can also be used to treat a mixture of degraded oxime extractants.
摘要:
Embodiments of the present invention relate to a mixing apparatus. Particularly, embodiments of the present invention provide a mixing apparatus for mixing fluid components such as phosgene and amine during a highly reactive chemical reaction. One embodiment provides a mixing conduit (100) comprising a cylindrical sidewall (101, 201) defining an inner volume, wherein one or more jets are formed through the cylindrical sidewalls and connect to the inner volume and one or more flow obstructions (103, 203) disposed in the inner volume, wherein each flow obstruction is positioned upstream from an associated aperture (102, 202). More particularly, the prlurality of flow obstructions comprises a plurality of spokes (103, 203) inserted into the inner volume along the circumference of the cylindrical sidewall (101, 201), the plurality of spokes being coupled to a torpedo (212) disposed along a central axis (206) of the mixing conduit.
摘要:
In a stirred tank chemical reactor the mean age of the reactor contents affects a number of properties of the product, including for example the homogeneity of the product. The mean average age of the reactor contents can be determined by constructing a transparent model of the reactor and filling it with a fluid containing a fluorescent dye and having flow properties comparable to those of the reactor in use. A light is shone on the fluid as it is stirred under reaction conditions and a clear fluid flow into the model. Pictures are taken of the reactor contents and the mean fluid age of the contents of the model are determined relative to the exit age of the contents. This approach can be applied to determine for example which reactor ports to use, what agitator to use, what flow rates to use to improve reactor function.
摘要:
The subject matter of the invention is an orbital shaker with a balancing device by means of which forces and moments which are caused by imbalance and arise during operation, in particular as a result of a possible variable loading (mass, geometry of the containers, properties of the contents) and variable operating parameters (speed of rotation and shaking radius), are compensated automatically and passively without supply of external energy. The balancing device can be designed such that only the unbalance forces are compensated (static balancing) and/or the unbalance moments (dynamic balancing).
摘要:
The invention relates to a multi-stage stirred reactor, comprising a plurality of reaction chambers adjacent to each other and stirring elements for mixing the content of at least one of the reaction chambers, wherein at least one opening that can be closed by means of closing elements is provided between each pair of adjacent reaction chambers, such that a fluid connection between the adjacent reaction chambers is obtained in the open state and the adjacent reaction chambers are isolated from each other in the closed state. At least one of the closing elements (300, 310, 320) is connected to an actuating rod (500, 510, 520) led out of the stirred reactor. The actuating rod (500, 510, 520) can be actuated back and forth between at least a first position and a second position by rotation and/or displacement, wherein in the first position, closing elements (300, 310, 320) connected to the actuating rod (500, 510, 520) effect an opened state of the opening associated with said closing elements and, in the second position, closing elements (300, 310, 320) connected to the actuating rod (500, 510, 520) effect a closed state of the opening associated with said closing elements.
摘要:
The present invention addresses the problem of providing a fluid processing method with which processing properties of fluids to be processed can be effectively controlled. The present invention is provided with processing surfaces (1, 2) which are capable of being brought closer to each other and being separated from each other, and which rotate relatively. A fluid to be processed is made to pass from inside to outside in a processing area between the processing surfaces (1, 2) to obtain a fluid thin film, and the resultant fluid thin film of the fluid to be processed is subjected to processing. Processing properties are controlled by changing the ratio (Od/ Cd) of the distance (Od) to an outer peripheral end from a centre of rotation.
摘要:
The invention relates to a device (2) for selective catalytic reduction of exhaust gases from internal combustion engines, for uniform distribution of a reducing agent (3) introduced into the exhaust gas stream (1) in the exhaust gas stream (1) at the catalyst inlet, wherein the mixer comprises a structure of mixer elements (21) through which the mixture of exhaust gas (1) and reducing agent (3) is to flow. In order to prevent the deposition of reducing agents on the mixer and to enable an optimal temperature for the subsequent SCR reaction, according to the invention the mixer elements (21) are designed for electrical heating having an electric current flowing through them because of the electrical resistance thereof. A very high degree of efficiency in relation to the power used can be achieved by the direct heating. The heat is emitted at the locations at which the heat is needed. The structure as a whole can be configured in a very cost-effective manner. The invention further relates to a device for selective catalytic reaction of exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine having an exhaust gas pipe leading to a mixer according to the invention and having a reducing agent pipe which is connected to a reservoir for reducing agent and which opens into the exhaust gas pipe in the flow direction before the mixer (5), and a catalyst (7) downstream of the mixer (5) in the flow direction.
摘要:
A planetary mixer which is used for production steps of various products in chemistry, medical treatment, electronics, ceramics, medicines, foods, feed and the like, and in which flame-shaped stirring blades are allowed to perform planetary motion in a tank, by which solid/liquid type treatment materials are subjected to stirring, blending, mixing/kneading, kneading or the like and it is intended to prevent adhesion of materials to a vertical side portion of the flame-shaped stirring blades. The vertical side portion 22 of the frame-shaped stirring blades 20 is constituted to have a cross-sectional configuration which has two slope faces 25, 26 slanting toward an inner wall of the tank, an edge face 29 connecting outward front ends 28 of the slope faces, and an arcuate inner face 30 connecting inward front ends 27 of the slope faces.. The inward front ends are located far apart from the inner wall of the tank and the outward front ends are located near the inner wall of the tank, in which the distance between the inward front ends is broad and the distance between the outward front ends is narrow. Since the inner face 30 of the vertical side portion is formed into an arcuate configuration, the materials can flow without backwater, and adhesion and fixing thereof can be prevented.