摘要:
An apparatus for halogenation of a polymer is disclosed. The apparatus includes a reactor, at least one light source, a stirrer and a heater. The reactor contains a slurry of the polymer. The light source is disposed outside of the reactor at a distance ranging from 0.5 centimeter to 2 centimeters for facilitating irradiance of the slurry. The light source radiates a light of wavelength in the range of 250 nm to 355 nm. The stirrer is adapted to agitate the slurry. The heater is adapted to heat the slurry of the polymer. The blades on the stirrer and light source are arranged in such a way that slurry is maintained in uniform motion and reacted homogeneously to achieve desired conversion efficiently.
摘要:
Particularly, the reactor comprising three concentric tubular segments; (a) inner glass lined tube [105]; (b) intermediate glass lined tube and (c) outer glass lined tube [104]; wherein the heat transfer fluid flows in the areas of segment [104] and [105] and reactant flow between the inner and outer glass lined tubes or their annulus.
摘要:
A reaction system and method for preparing compounds or intermediates from solid reactant materials is provided. In a specific aspect, a reaction system and methods are provided for preparation of boron-containing precursor compounds useful as precursors for ion implantation of boron in substrates. In another specific aspect, a reactor system and methods are provided for manufacture of boron precursors such as B2F4.
摘要:
Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen modularen Photo-Röhrenreaktor (1) zur photochemischen Behandlung fluider Medien, der eine zentralaxialen Bestrahlungseinheit, die zumindest eine Strahlungsquelle (2) enthält, umfasst. Die Bestrahlungseinheit ist von einer Reaktorwand koaxial umgeben und weist zwischen der Reaktorwand und der Bestrahlungseinheit einen Ringspalt (5), der ein Bestrahlungsvolumen bereitstellt, auf. Der Ringspalt (5) ist an einem Kopfstück (1') und an einem Fußstück (1") des Röhrenreaktors (1) mit einem Fluideinlass (6) bzw. mit einem Fluidauslass (7) verbunden. Dabei wird die Reaktorwand durch zwei oder mehr zylindrische Reaktorsegmente (4) bereitgestellt, und es ist jeweils zwischen zwei benachbarten Reaktorsegmenten (4) ein ringscheibenförmiger Zwischenflansch (8) angeordnet, dessen Innendurchmesser gleich groß wie ein Innendurchmesser der Reaktorsegmente (4) ist. In der Scheibenebene des Zwischenflansches (8) ist eine Mehrzahl von Gaskanälen (9) bereitgestellt.
摘要:
Bei einem Verfahren und einem Reaktor (1) zur Herstellung von Silizium ist eine Induktions-Vorrichtung (13) vorgesehen, die pulverförmige Siliziumpartikel (11) in einem freien Schmelzraum (6) des Reaktors (1) mittels sich in den pulverförmigen Siliziumpartikeln (11) ausbildenden Wirbelströmen induktiv aufschmilzt. Die aus den Siliziumpartikeln (11) entstehenden Siliziumtröpfchen (16) verbinden sich zu Siliziumtropfen (17), die in einem Erstarrungsraum (7) zu hochreinen und unmittelbar weiterverarbeitbaren Siliziumstücken (18) erstarrt werden.
摘要:
The invention relates to a system for the production of an aqueous long-term stable chlorine dioxide solution and the dosed injection thereof into a medium flowing through a line. The system comprises an atmospheric-pressure reactor chamber which is supplied with a respectively predefined concentration and amount of hydrochloric acid and an aqueous alkali chlorite solution via two feed lines, whereby a short-term stable chlorine dioxide solution is obtained in the reactor container; in addition to a dilution line which is used to supply the reactor container with a predefined amount of water, whereby a long-term chlorine dioxide solution is obtained; an atmospheric-pressure receiving container which is connected to the reactor container by means of an inlet line with a stop valve, whereby the contents of the reactor container are transferred into the receiving container by means of gravity when the stop valve is opened; an injection line which is used to inject the diluted long-term stable chlorine dioxide solution via a dosing pump from the receiving container into the medium flowing through the line, whereby the reactor container, receiving container and inlet line with a stop valve are made of glass.
摘要:
The invention relates to a system for the production of an aqueous long-term stable chlorine dioxide solution and the dosed injection thereof into a medium flowing through a line. The system comprises an atmospheric-pressure reactor chamber which is supplied with a respectively predefined concentration and amount of hydrochloric acid and an aqueous alkali chlorite solution via two feed lines, whereby a short-term stable chlorine dioxide solution is obtained in the reactor container; in addition to a dilution line which is used to supply the reactor container with a predefined amount of water, whereby a long-term chlorine dioxide solution is obtained; an atmospheric-pressure receiving container which is connected to the reactor container by means of an inlet line with a stop valve, whereby the contents of the reactor container are transferred into the receiving container by means of gravity when the stop valve is opened; an injection line which is used to inject the diluted long-term stable chlorine dioxide solution via a dosing pump from the receiving container into the medium flowing through the line, whereby the reactor container, receiving container and inlet line with a stop valve are made of glass.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method of producing aerogels and to an apparatus for carrying out the method. The aerogels are produced semi-continuously by per se known methods in that, following gel formation, the lyogel is transferred to a mobile container for at least two further procedural steps, the container comprising inlets and outlets and in that for these procedural steps, the container is moved to appropriate stations for the supply and discharge of materials, at which stations it is connected to feed and discharge means and in that the procedural steps are carried out there. An apparatus for carrying out the method comprises a container with a container top part and container bottom part, an encircling seal and a bag adapted to be placed into the container, the bag being connected along the opening and at least partially to thickening elements, container top and bottom parts being connected along their periphery in gastight fashion to corresponding parts of a retaining device. The container bottom part with the lower part of the holding device, the seal and the container top part with the upper part of the retaining device can be connected in gastight fashion and at least one of the parts of the retaining devices has an opening to receive the bag and at least one of the parts of the retaining device has a plurality of individual projections or an encircling bead so that the minimum distance between the projections or the bead and the other part of the retaining device is greater than the thickness of the thickening elements of the bag and in that the rim of the bag with the thickening elements is held between the projectional bead and the seal.