摘要:
A spectral image acquiring device comprises an objective lens (3), a field aperture member (8) for limiting a size of an image passing through the objective lens and focusing, a wavelength selecting member (13) arranged on an optical axis of the objective lens, having two or more wavelength selecting surfaces and having different wavelength selection characteristics for each of the wavelength selecting surfaces, a deflecting member (5) for deflecting partial luminous fluxes passing through the wavelength selecting surface, an image pickup element (7) arranged on the optical axis of the objective lens, and an image forming lens (6) for focusing the partial luminous fluxes deflected by the deflecting member on the image pickup element for each of the partial luminous fluxes.
摘要:
An apparatus and method for monitoring a stability of a spectrum are provided. The apparatus for monitoring stability of a spectrum includes a spectroscope configured to measure a spectrum of a sample and a processor configured to calculate a similarity change index of the measured spectrum and to determine the stability of the measured spectrum by analyzing the calculated similarity change index.
摘要:
A continuous spectrum of light (10) in a selected wavelength (12) band is transmitted through selected tissue. The spectral distribution of light transmitted through the selected tissue is monitored and differentiated (36) with respect to wavelength. The differentiated spectral data is processed (38) to determine the oxygen saturation in the tissue. The spectral data may be digitized (34) and stored in a storage device (33) that correlates the transmitted intensity with the wavelength. The intensity values for a predetermined number of spectra may be averaged (35) to smooth the spectral data. The first derivative of the averaged spectral data is then determined at predetermined wavelengths and processed (38) with an algorithm to determine the oxygen saturation.
摘要:
Un procédé de détermination des paramètres, en particulier la pression, la température, la concentration, le nombre de particules et la répartition granulométrique, de substances gazeuses présentes dans des processus de combustion et dans d'autres processus se déroulant à haute température, comprend l'émission d'une lumière à large bande spectrale à travers l'objet (2) de la mesure. La lumière émise à travers cet objet se divise spectralement, et la distribution spectrale de la lumière dans la plage étudiée de longueurs d'ondes est enregistrée un grand nombre de fois. Ces enregistrements se font successivement, en ce sens que la lumière spectralement divisée est balayée par rapport à un détecteur a un seul canal et si rapidement que l'intensité totale de la lumière dans toute la plage de longueurs d'onde reste constante pendant chaque enregistrement. Ensuite, la valeur moyenne des distributions spectrales est générée, et les paramètres requis sont calculés sur la base de la distribution spectrale correspondant à la valeur moyenne, de l'apparence de la distribution spectrale correspondant à la valeur moyenne et des spectres calculés ou enregistrés dans des conditions connues, utilisés dans ce calcul. Un appareil comprend des dispositifs appropriés pour appliquer ce procédé.
摘要:
A method of a diamond color grading, comprising steps of : providing a Raman spectrometer operating with a laser beam of wavelength 785 nm and total laser energy of 450 mW for an average detection of surfaces of diamonds; six continuous scans being performed on each diamond to obtain an averaged Raman spectrum; a spectral range of the Raman spectrometer used for data acquisition being 100-3300 cm-1 ; and each Raman spectrum being processed by background subtraction and peak intensity normalization so as to result in a smooth baseline and calibrated intensity, from which the diamond color is capable of being graded based on a characteristic peak at 2030 cm -1 such that a stronger intensity corresponds to a much deeper yellow color which represents a much lower grade of diamond.
摘要:
A method is described for estimating a spectral feature of a pulsed light beam produced by an optical source and directed toward a wafer of a lithography apparatus. The method includes receiving a set of N optical spectra of pulses of the light beam; saving the received N optical spectra to a saved set; transforming the optical spectra in the saved set to form a set of transformed optical spectra; averaging the transformed optical spectra to form an averaged spectrum; and estimating a spectral feature of the pulsed light beam based on the averaged spectrum.
摘要:
A method is described for estimating a spectral feature of a pulsed light beam produced by an optical source and directed toward a wafer of a lithography apparatus. The method includes receiving a set of N optical spectra of pulses of the light beam; saving the received N optical spectra to a saved set; transforming the optical spectra in the saved set to form a set of transformed optical spectra; averaging the transformed optical spectra to form an averaged spectrum; and estimating a spectral feature of the pulsed light beam based on the averaged spectrum.
摘要:
A method for determining parameters, especially pressure, temperature, concentration, number of particles and particle size distribution, of gaseous substances present in combustion processes and other high temperature processes, comprises transmitting spectrally broad-band light through an object (2) of measurement, spectrally dividing the light transmitted through said object, and recording the spectral distribution of the light in the studied wavelength range a large number of times. Each recording occurs sequentially in that the spectrally divided light is swept relative to a one-channel detector and for such a short time that the total light intensity of the entire wavelength range is constant during each recording. After that, the mean value of said recorded spectral distribution is generated, and the required parameters are calculated on the basis of said mean value spectral distribution, the appearance of said means value spectral distribution, as well as spectra calculated or recorded for known conditions, being utilised for said calculation. An apparatus comprises means for carrying out the method.