公开(公告)号：JP2006188213A

公开(公告)日：2006-07-20

申请号：JP2005356252

申请日：2005-12-09

Applicant: Toyota Motor Corp ,  トヨタ自動車株式会社

Inventor： UECHI KENSUKE ,  KAMIOKA KIYOSHIRO ,  YAMAMOTO MASAYA ,  ENDO HIROATSU ,  YOSHIMI MASAFUMI ,  SASAIDE SHINICHI ,  KAWAGUCHI KAZUO ,  OKASAKA KAZUOMI ,  TAJIMA YOICHI ,  NISHIYAMA SHINOBU

IPC: B60K6/445 ,  B60K6/52 ,  B60K6/547 ,  B60L11/14 ,  B60W10/04 ,  B60W10/06 ,  B60W10/08 ,  B60W10/10 ,  B60W10/11 ,  B60W10/115 ,  B60W10/26 ,  B60W20/00 ,  F02D29/02 ,  F16H61/12 ,  F16H61/68 ,  F16H61/684 ,  F16H61/686

CPC classification number: Y02T10/6239 ,  Y02T10/6265 ,  Y02T10/6286 ,  Y02T10/7077

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To lubricate a planetary gear mechanism more appropriately in a power output system, an automobile equipped therewith, a control device for the power output system, and a control method for the power output system. SOLUTION: In the automobile wherein an engine, a motor MG1 and a driveshaft are connected to the planetary gear mechanism and a motor MG2 is connected to the driveshaft via a transmission, if a hydraulic circuit 100 for actuating brakes B1 and B2 of the transmission fails and disables the supply of oil used in actuating the brakes B1 and B2 to the planetary gear mechanism 30 as a lubricant via an oil passage 116, the engine is continuously operated. Out of oil from a mechanical pump 102 having sufficient force feed performance in actuating the brakes B1 and B2 and oil from an electric pump 104 having minimum necessary force feed performance in actuating the brakes B1 and B2, oil not used in actuating the brakes B1 and B2 can be thus supplied to the planetary gear mechanism 30 via the oil passage 116 to lubricate the planetary gear mechanism 30. COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Abstract translation: 要解决的问题：在动力输出系统，配备有其的汽车，动力输出系统的控制装置以及动力输出系统的控制方法中，适当地润滑行星齿轮机构。 解决方案：在发动机，电动机MG1和驱动轴连接到行星齿轮机构的汽车中，并且电动机MG2经由变速器连接到驱动轴，如果用于致动制动器B1和B2的液压回路100 变速箱失效，并且通过油路116将作为润滑剂的行星齿轮机构30的制动器B1和B2的制动器B1和B2的油供给停止，发动机被连续运转。 在来自具有足够的力进给性能的机械泵102的油中，在致动制动器B1和B2时具有最小必要的力进给性能的致动制动器B1和B2的油和来自电动泵104的油，未用于致动制动器B1和 B2可以经由油路116供给到行星齿轮机构30，以润滑行星齿轮机构30.版权所有（C）2006，JPO＆NCIPI

公开(公告)号：JP2006182272A

公开(公告)日：2006-07-13

申请号：JP2004380025

申请日：2004-12-28

Applicant: Toyota Motor Corp ,  トヨタ自動車株式会社

Inventor： UECHI KENSUKE ,  KAMIOKA KIYOSHIRO ,  YAMAMOTO MASAYA ,  OKASAKA KAZUOMI

IPC: B60W10/04 ,  B60K6/445 ,  B60K6/448 ,  B60K6/52 ,  B60K6/547 ,  B60L11/14 ,  B60W10/06 ,  B60W10/08 ,  B60W10/10 ,  B60W10/11 ,  B60W10/115 ,  B60W20/00 ,  F02D29/02 ,  F02D45/00 ,  F16H59/14 ,  F16H59/38 ,  F16H61/04 ,  F16H61/68 ,  F16H61/684 ,  F16H61/686 ,  F16H63/50

CPC classification number: B60W20/00 ,  B60K1/02 ,  B60K6/365 ,  B60K6/445 ,  B60K6/52 ,  B60K6/547 ,  B60L2240/421 ,  B60L2240/423 ,  B60L2240/441 ,  B60W10/06 ,  B60W10/08 ,  B60W10/115 ,  B60W30/19 ,  B60W2510/0638 ,  B60W2510/081 ,  B60W2510/244 ,  B60W2520/10 ,  B60W2540/10 ,  B60W2710/0644 ,  B60W2710/0666 ,  B60W2710/081 ,  B60W2710/083 ,  F02D41/023 ,  F02D2200/503 ,  F16H63/502 ,  Y02T10/6239 ,  Y02T10/6265 ,  Y02T10/6286 ,  Y02T10/642 ,  Y10T477/23

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To smoothly attain the gear change of a transmission even when the input/output of a capacitor device such as a secondary battery is limited. SOLUTION: The torque change of a motor is requested for smoothly switching the status of the gear of a transmission interposed between a motor and a driving shaft (S170), and when the torque change is not available in the range of the input/output limits Win, Wout of a battery (S200), a torque instruction Tm1* of another motor is reset so as to be within the input/output limitation of the battery (S210, S250), and a request power Pe* is also changed so that the revolution Ne of an engine can be set so as to be the target revolution Ne* (S230, S270). Thus, it is possible to smoothly switch the status of the gear of the transmission. COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Abstract translation: 要解决的问题：即使当诸如二次电池的电容器装置的输入/输出受到限制时，也能平滑地实现变速器的变速。 解决方案：为了平滑地切换插入在电动机和驱动轴之间的变速器的齿轮的状态（S170），需要电动机的转矩变化，并且当转矩变化在输入的范围内不可用时 /输出限制Win，Wout（S200），另一马达的转矩指令Tm1 *被复位为在电池的输入/输出限制内（S210，S250），并且请求功率Pe *也是 发动机的转速Ne可以设定为目标转速Ne *（S230，S270）。 因此，可以平滑地切换变速器的齿轮的状态。 版权所有（C）2006，JPO＆NCIPI

公开(公告)号：JP2006094688A

公开(公告)日：2006-04-06

申请号：JP2005039303

申请日：2005-02-16

Applicant: Toyota Motor Corp ,  トヨタ自動車株式会社

Inventor： KASHIWA YASUHIRO ,  YAMAMOTO KOJI ,  KAMIOKA KIYOSHIRO

IPC: B60L11/14 ,  B60K6/445 ,  B60K6/448 ,  B60K6/52 ,  B60W10/06 ,  B60W10/08 ,  B60W20/00

CPC classification number: Y02T10/6239 ,  Y02T10/6265 ,  Y02T10/6286 ,  Y02T10/7077

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hybrid car, capable of determining better a driver's rapid acceleration demand, as well as terminating better increase in a drive force associated with a driver's rapid acceleration demand, and to provide its control method. SOLUTION: The control method comprises a step of determining a driver's rapid acceleration demand (S130, S190) when an accel opening Acc is larger than a threshold A1, and an accel change ΔAcc is larger than a threshold A2, after a driver suddenly depresses the accel pedal by a large amount; a step of selecting a map for setting large torques (S220), where larger torques are set than a map for setting torques during normal operation, and a step of setting torque requirements Tr* (S230). The control method further comprises a step of determining the termination of a driver's rapid acceleration (S150, S160), when an accel opening Acc continues to be less than a cruising opening Acrs required for a cruising travel and a predetermined time has elapsed; a step of selecting a map for setting torques during normal operation as a default (S180); and a step of setting torque requirements Tr* (S230). COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Abstract translation: 要解决的问题：提供一种混合动力车，能够更好地确定驾驶员的快速加速需求，以及终止与驾驶员的快速加速需求相关联的驱动力的更好的增加，并提供其控制方法。 解决方案：控制方法包括当加速开度Acc大于阈值A1时确定驾驶员的快速加速要求（S130，S190），加速变化ΔAcc大于阈值A2的步骤，在驾驶员 突然压缩加速踏板大量; 选择用于设定大扭矩的地图的步骤（S220），其中设定较大的扭矩比用于在正常操作期间设定扭矩的映射和设定扭矩要求Tr *的步骤（S230）。 控制方法还包括当加速开度Acc继续小于巡航行驶所需的巡航开度Acrs并经过预定时间时，确定驾驶员的快速加速终止（S150，S160）的步骤; 在正常操作期间选择用于设置扭矩的地图的步骤（S180）; 以及设定扭矩要求Tr *（S230）的步骤。 版权所有（C）2006，JPO＆NCIPI

公开(公告)号：JP2006063819A

公开(公告)日：2006-03-09

申请号：JP2004244734

申请日：2004-08-25

Applicant: Toyota Motor Corp ,  トヨタ自動車株式会社

Inventor： KAMIOKA KIYOSHIRO

IPC: F02D29/02 ,  B60K6/445 ,  B60K6/448 ,  B60K6/52 ,  B60L11/14 ,  B60W10/06 ,  B60W10/08 ,  B60W10/26 ,  B60W20/00

CPC classification number: Y02T10/6286 ,  Y02T10/7077 ,  Y02T10/7241

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To maintain an appropriate value of voltage of an inverter etc., even when the inverter driving a motor is shut down with a battery blocked. SOLUTION: Target engine speed Ne* is set (S100 to S130), such that voltage Vh generated on a power bus of the inverter becomes less than withstanding pressure of a capacitor as a protective circuit of the inverter by using electromotive force of the motor co-rotated by self-sustaining operation of an engine and becomes within a predetermined range Vα around target voltage Vh* as a voltage range capable of supplying power to a high-pressure auxiliary engine, when the inverter is shut down with the battery blocked. In addition, control is performed such that self-sustaining operation of the engine is realized at the target engine speed Ne*. COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Abstract translation: 要解决的问题：为了保持逆变器等的电压的适当值，即使驱动电动机的电动机在电池被阻塞的情况下被关闭。

解决方案：将目标发动机转速Ne *设定为（S100〜S130），使得逆变器的电力总线上产生的电压Vh变得小于作为逆变器的保护电路的电容器的耐压，通过使用电动势 电动机通过发动机的自维持运转而共同旋转，并且当作为能够向高压辅助发动机供电的电压范围的目标电压Vh *周围的预定范围Vα内时，当逆变器用电池关闭时 受阻。 此外，进行控制，使得以目标发动机转速Ne *实现发动机的自维持运行。 版权所有（C）2006，JPO＆NCIPI

公开(公告)号：JP2006014386A

公开(公告)日：2006-01-12

申请号：JP2004183243

申请日：2004-06-22

Applicant: Toyota Motor Corp ,  トヨタ自動車株式会社

Inventor： KAMIOKA KIYOSHIRO ,  YAMAMOTO KOJI

IPC: B60L11/14 ,  B60K6/445 ,  B60K6/448 ,  B60K17/04 ,  B60W10/08 ,  B60W10/26 ,  B60W10/30 ,  B60W20/00 ,  F16H48/10

CPC classification number: Y02T10/7077

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent an automobile from entering a state of being incapable of traveling, by controlling overcharge of a battery in direct traveling mode where the automobile travels only with power being outputted from an engine directly to the drive shaft through a power distributing/integrating mechanism. SOLUTION: When abnormality occurs in a motor MG2 or an inverter 42 and direct traveling mode is set, engine speed of an engine 22 is held at a target speed Ne* as an accelerator pedal 83 is turned on, and driving of the engine 22 and a motor MG1 is controlled such that a driving force is outputted to a ring gear shaft 32a by outputting power generation torque from a motor MG1. Power generation of the motor MG1 is controlled to be consumed by auxiliary machines including the compressor 90 of an air conditioner in place of a motor MG2. COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Abstract translation: 要解决的问题：为了防止汽车进入不能行驶的状态，通过控制汽车​​在从发动机直接输出到驱动轴的动力直接行进的直接行驶模式下的过充电 电力分配/集成机制。 解决方案：当马达MG2或逆变器42发生异常并且设定直接行驶模式时，随着加速器踏板83接通，发动机22的发动机转速保持在目标速度Ne * 发动机22和电动机MG1被控制成通过从电动机MG1输出发电转矩而将驱动力输出到齿圈轴32a。 马达MG1的发电被控制为由包括空调的压缩机90的辅助机器代替电动机MG2消耗。 版权所有（C）2006，JPO＆NCIPI

公开(公告)号：JP2006009664A

公开(公告)日：2006-01-12

申请号：JP2004186798

申请日：2004-06-24

Applicant: Toyota Motor Corp ,  トヨタ自動車株式会社

Inventor： KAMIOKA KIYOSHIRO

IPC: F02D29/02 ,  B60K6/445 ,  B60L11/14 ,  B60W10/06 ,  B60W20/00 ,  F02D13/02 ,  F02D41/14

CPC classification number: Y02T10/7077

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To output driving force from a generator to a drive shaft by stably operating an internal combustion engine at a target rotation speed and using reaction force on an engine side. SOLUTION: In an automobile wherein the internal combustion engine, the generator and the drive shaft are connected through a planetary gear mechanism and an electric motor is connected to the drive shaft, when the electric motor becomes a state impossible to drive, a basic throttle opening degree is set based on a differential between the target rotation speed and a present rotation speed of the engine by a relational expression in feedback control, a compensation opening degree for canceling a variation of torque acting on the engine side by a variation of negative torque from the generator is set based on torque acting on the engine side from the generator and on present and previous values of rotation speed of the engine and the target throttle opening degree is set by a sum of both the opening degrees. Quick response can be made to the negative torque variation of the generator at the time of outputting positive torque to the drive shaft by outputting the negative torque from the generator with use of the reaction force of the engine and the engine can be stably operated at the target rotation speed. COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Abstract translation: 要解决的问题：通过以目标转速稳定地操作内燃机并且在发动机侧使用反作用力来将驱动力从发电机输出到驱动轴。 解决方案：在内燃机，发电机和驱动轴通过行星齿轮机构连接的电动机和电动机连接到驱动轴的情况下，当电动机变为不可能驱动的状态时， 基于反馈控制中的关系表达式，基于目标转速与发动机的当前转速之间的差异来设定基本节气门开度，用于通过变化来消除作用在发动机侧的扭矩的变化的补偿开度 基于从发电机起作用在发动机侧的扭矩设定来自发电机的负转矩，并且通过两个开度的和来设定发动机的转速和目标节气门开度的当前和先前值。 可以通过使用发动机的反作用力输出来自发电机的负转矩来向发动机输出正转矩时对发电机的负转矩变化做出快速响应，发动机可以在发动机的稳定运行 目标转速。 版权所有（C）2006，JPO＆NCIPI

公开(公告)号：JP2005351259A

公开(公告)日：2005-12-22

申请号：JP2004263387

申请日：2004-09-10

Applicant: Toyota Motor Corp ,  トヨタ自動車株式会社

Inventor： KAMIJO YUSUKE ,  KAMIOKA KIYOSHIRO ,  IWASE NORIHIRO

IPC: B60W20/00 ,  B60K6/445 ,  B60K6/448 ,  B60K6/52 ,  B60K6/547 ,  B60L11/14 ,  B60W10/06 ,  B60W10/08 ,  B60W10/26 ,  F02D9/02 ,  F02D13/02 ,  F02D29/02 ,  F02D41/04 ,  F02D45/00 ,  F02P5/15 ,  B60K6/04

CPC classification number: B60W20/13 ,  B60K6/445 ,  B60K6/448 ,  B60K6/52 ,  B60L2240/486 ,  B60W10/06 ,  B60W10/08 ,  B60W10/26 ,  B60W20/00 ,  B60W2540/10 ,  B60W2710/105 ,  Y02T10/6239 ,  Y02T10/6243 ,  Y02T10/6265 ,  Y02T10/6286 ,  Y10T477/23

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To suppress frequent start and stop of an internal combustion engine during a cold state in a power output device provided with the internal combustion engine capable of intermittently operate. SOLUTION: When power output from an engine is greater than set demand power due to high air density during cold state, engine speed is increased by a motor with throttle opening TH held to make power output from the engine agree with demand power (in embodiment, change from point A to point B). Consequently, battery charge by power larger than assumed power is suppressed and frequent stop and start of the engine caused by large fluctuation of battery remaining capacity (SOC) is suppressed. COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Abstract translation: 解决的问题：在能够间歇地操作的内燃机的动力输出装置中，在冷态期间抑制内燃机的频繁起动和停止。

解决方案：当发动机的功率输出大于冷态时空气密度高时设定的需求功率时，发动机转速由保持油门开度TH的电机增加，使发动机的动力输出与发动机的功率一致（ 在实施例中，从点A改变到点B）。 因此，抑制了大于假设功率的功率的电池充电，并且抑制了由电池剩余容量（SOC）的大的波动引起的发动机的频繁的停止和启动。 版权所有（C）2006，JPO＆NCIPI

公开(公告)号：JP2005333713A

公开(公告)日：2005-12-02

申请号：JP2004148979

申请日：2004-05-19

Applicant: Toyota Motor Corp ,  トヨタ自動車株式会社

Inventor： YAMANAKA AKIHIRO ,  UECHI KENSUKE ,  KAMIOKA KIYOSHIRO ,  YAMAMOTO MASAYA ,  OKASAKA KAZUOMI

IPC: B60W20/00 ,  B60K6/445 ,  B60K6/448 ,  B60K6/48 ,  B60K6/54 ,  B60K17/04 ,  B60L11/14 ,  B60W10/06 ,  B60W10/10 ,  F02D17/00 ,  F02D29/02 ,  F02N11/04 ,  F02N11/08 ,  F02N15/00 ,  F16H48/10 ,  B60K6/04

CPC classification number: Y02T10/6221 ,  Y02T10/6239 ,  Y02T10/7077

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To suppress the speed change shock at the time of switching the speed change stage of a transmission. SOLUTION: In an automobile where the first motor, to the sun gear of a planetary gear mechanism, an engine, to a carrier, and a drive shaft, to a ring gear, are attached respectively, and the second motor is attached via a transmission to the drive shaft, this device switches (S120-S170) the speed change stage after changing a motor operation mode into an engine/motor operation mode, if positive torque (driving force) is requested for the drive shaft when a request for speed change of the transmission is made amid the running in the motor operation mode. Since it can make the magnitude of the torque to be outputted from a motor MG2 smaller than that in the motor operation mode, by making the directly transmitted torque from the engine act upon the drive shaft in the engine/motor operation mode, it can suppress the speed change torque at switching of the speed change stage. COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Abstract translation: 要解决的问题：为了抑制在变速器的变速级切换时的变速冲击。 解决方案：在第一电动机，行星齿轮机构的太阳齿轮，发动机，载体和驱动轴到齿圈的汽车中，分别安装第二电动机 通过传动到驱动轴，该装置在将电动机操作模式改变为发动机/电动机操作模式之后切换（S120-S170）变速级，如果在请求时要求驱动轴的正转矩（驱动力） 在电机运行模式下运行时进行变速器的变速。 由于能够使电动机MG2的转矩大小小于电动机运转模式，所以通过在发动机/电动机运转模式下使来自发动机的直接传递的转矩作用在驱动轴上，能够抑制 变速阶段切换时的变速转矩。 版权所有（C）2006，JPO＆NCIPI

公开(公告)号：JP2005306214A

公开(公告)日：2005-11-04

申请号：JP2004125947

申请日：2004-04-21

Applicant: Toyota Motor Corp ,  トヨタ自動車株式会社

Inventor： YAMANAKA AKIHIRO ,  KAMIOKA KIYOSHIRO

IPC: B60K6/445 ,  B60K6/448 ,  B60K6/52 ,  B60L11/14 ,  B60W10/04 ,  B60W10/06 ,  B60W10/08 ,  B60W10/18 ,  B60W10/184 ,  B60W10/26 ,  B60W20/00 ,  F02D29/02 ,  F02D29/06 ,  F02D45/00 ,  B60K41/20 ,  B60K6/04 ,  B60K41/00

CPC classification number: Y02T10/6286 ,  Y02T10/7077

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To further improve acceleration performance when accelerating a vehicle, by releasing only a brake pedal from a state of stepping both an accelerator pedal and the brake pedal. SOLUTION: When both the accelerator pedal 83 and the brake pedal 85 are stepped in stopping, engine request power to be outputted from an engine 22 is set by the sum of an absolute value of input restriction Win of a battery 50 and a Loss. Among operation points capable of outputting the preset engine request power, an operation point of an engine speed higher than an engine speed in an intersection between the engine request power and an operation line for fuel economy, is set as an operation point for taking preference of acceleration over the fuel economy, to control the engine 22. Since a travel resistance quantity by rotational inertial weight of the engine 22 can be reduced in acceleration when releasing the brake pedal 85 thereafter by holding the engine 22 in a high engine speed, the acceleration performance can be further improved. COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Abstract translation: 要解决的问题：为了进一步提高加速车辆时的加速性能，只要从踏入加速踏板和制动踏板的状态只释放制动踏板即可。 解决方案：当加速器踏板83和制动踏板85都停止时，从发动机22输出的发动机请求功率通过电池50的输入限制Win的绝对值和 失利。 在能够输出预设发动机请求功率的操作点中，将发动机速度高于发动机请求功率和燃料经济性运转线之间的交点的发动机转速的操作点设定为优选的操作点 加速超过燃油经济性，以控制发动机22.由于当通过将发动机22保持在高发动机转速时释放制动踏板85时可以减小发动机22的旋转惯性重量的行驶阻力量，加速度 性能可以进一步提高。 版权所有（C）2006，JPO＆NCIPI

公开(公告)号：JP2004156581A

公开(公告)日：2004-06-03

申请号：JP2003114240

申请日：2003-04-18

Applicant: Toyota Motor Corp ,  トヨタ自動車株式会社

Inventor： YAMAGUCHI KATSUHIKO ,  HARADA OSAMU ,  KOBAYASHI YUKIO ,  KAMIOKA KIYOSHIRO ,  NISHIGAKI TAKAHIRO ,  TOMATSURI MAMORU ,  MUTA KOICHIRO

IPC: B60W20/00 ,  B60K6/445 ,  B60K6/448 ,  B60W10/06 ,  B60W10/08 ,  B60W10/26 ,  F02D29/02 ,  F02D29/06 ,  F02D45/00 ,  F02N11/04 ,  F02N11/08 ,  F02N19/10 ,  B60K6/04 ,  F02N17/06

CPC classification number: B60W20/10 ,  B60K6/20 ,  B60K6/445 ,  B60K6/46 ,  B60L1/003 ,  B60L1/02 ,  B60L3/0023 ,  B60L11/123 ,  B60L15/2072 ,  B60L2240/12 ,  B60L2240/14 ,  B60L2240/36 ,  B60L2240/445 ,  B60L2240/486 ,  B60L2240/80 ,  B60L2250/12 ,  B60L2250/26 ,  B60L2260/22 ,  B60L2260/26 ,  B60L2270/12 ,  B60W10/06 ,  B60W10/08 ,  B60W20/00 ,  B60W30/18027 ,  B60W2510/0676 ,  B60W2510/244 ,  B60W2540/10 ,  B60W2710/105 ,  Y02T10/6217 ,  Y02T10/6239 ,  Y02T10/6286 ,  Y02T10/645 ,  Y02T10/7005 ,  Y02T10/7077 ,  Y02T10/72 ,  Y02T10/7275

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make the control simple even when there are a plurality of elements which should be prepared for starting up an internal combustion engine. SOLUTION: A delay time Tset in a normal state is set to a predetermined time Ts1 based on an engine coolant temperature Tw and a state of an air conditioner switch. The predetermined time Tsl is determined based on a time necessary for completing preheating of an engine 22 by a preheating device, preparations of sensors such as an air/fuel ratio sensor, and warming-up of an exhaust gas clean-up device (S100, S110). When it is determined that the vehicle can run using a motor based on a required torque Td*, a required power P* and the remaining capacity (SOC) of a battery (S120 to S150); the engine is started after the delay time Tset has elapsed. As a result, it is possible to efficiently perform start of the engine and operation immediately after the engine starts, and to make control at the time of starting the engine simple compared with the case where the engine is started after making determinations as to whether various preparations have been completed. COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO