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公开(公告)号:US20070146624A1
公开(公告)日:2007-06-28
申请号:US11615684
申请日:2006-12-22
申请人: Dwight Duston , Joshua Haddock , William Kokonaski , Ronald Blum , Steven Parry , Daniel Colbert
发明人: Dwight Duston , Joshua Haddock , William Kokonaski , Ronald Blum , Steven Parry , Daniel Colbert
IPC分类号: G02F1/13
CPC分类号: G02F1/292 , F24S23/00 , F24S23/10 , F24S23/31 , F24S30/452 , F24S50/20 , F24S50/80 , G02B3/08 , G02B5/06 , G02B26/0883 , G02F1/13 , G02F1/133526 , G02F1/13471 , G02F1/29 , G02F2001/13324 , G02F2201/305 , G02F2203/24 , H01L31/0543 , H01L31/0547 , H01L31/055 , Y02E10/44 , Y02E10/47 , Y02E10/52
摘要: Techniques and assemblies for steering light rays are described. An electro-optic prism is operable to provide controllable steering of solar rays. The electro-optic prism includes a first electrode, a reference electrode and an electro-optic material positioned between the first and reference electrodes. In one implementation, the first electrode includes multiple substantially parallel linear electrodes positioned on a first substrate and the reference electrode is positioned on a second substrate. Such implementation can include that when separately controllable voltages are provided to at least some of the linear electrodes, a gradient electric field is provided within the electro-optic material to cause the electro-optic material to have a refractive index gradient. The refractive index gradient can be controlled by varying the magnitude of the separately controllable voltages provided to at least some of the linear electrodes.
摘要翻译: 描述了用于转向光线的技术和组件。 电光棱镜可操作以提供太阳射线的可控转向。 电光棱镜包括位于第一和参考电极之间的第一电极,参考电极和电光材料。 在一个实施方案中,第一电极包括位于第一衬底上的多个基本平行的线性电极,并且参考电极位于第二衬底上。 这种实现可以包括当向至少一些线性电极提供单独的可控电压时,在电光材料内提供梯度电场以使电光材料具有折射率梯度。 可以通过改变提供给至少一些线性电极的单独可控电压的幅度来控制折射率梯度。
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公开(公告)号:US20070157924A1
公开(公告)日:2007-07-12
申请号:US11615691
申请日:2006-12-22
IPC分类号: F24J2/00
CPC分类号: G02F1/292 , F24S23/00 , F24S23/10 , F24S23/31 , F24S30/452 , F24S50/20 , F24S50/80 , G02B3/08 , G02B5/06 , G02B26/0883 , G02F1/13 , G02F1/133526 , G02F1/13471 , G02F1/29 , G02F2001/13324 , G02F2201/305 , G02F2203/24 , H01L31/0543 , H01L31/0547 , H01L31/055 , Y02E10/44 , Y02E10/47 , Y02E10/52
摘要: Techniques and assemblies for light ray steering are described. A method includes receiving solar rays onto a surface of an electro-optic prism. The electro-optic prism includes a first electrode positioned on a first substrate, a second electrode positioned on a second substrate, and an electro-optic material positioned between the first and second electrodes. The first electrode includes multiple substantially parallel linear electrodes. The method further includes applying multiple voltages to some or all of the substantially parallel linear electrodes to generate a refractive index gradient across the electro-optic prism. The method further includes controlling the refractive index gradient so that the solar rays exit the electro-optic prism in a direction substantially normal to a light focusing element, and utilizing the light focusing element to focus the solar rays on a solar energy collector.
摘要翻译: 描述了用于光线转向的技术和组件。 一种方法包括将太阳光线接收到电光棱镜的表面上。 电光棱镜包括位于第一基板上的第一电极,位于第二基板上的第二电极和位于第一和第二电极之间的电光材料。 第一电极包括多个基本上平行的线状电极。 该方法还包括将多个电压施加到一些或全部基本上平行的线性电极,以在电光棱镜上产生折射率梯度。 该方法还包括控制折射率梯度,使得太阳光线在基本上垂直于光聚焦元件的方向上离开电光棱镜,并且利用光聚焦元件将太阳光聚焦在太阳能收集器上。
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公开(公告)号:US20070048209A1
公开(公告)日:2007-03-01
申请号:US11508111
申请日:2006-08-22
申请人: Richard Smalley , Daniel Colbert , Hongjie Dai , Jie Liu , Andrew Rinzler , Jason Hafner , Kenneth Smith , Ting Guo , Pavel Nikolaev , Andreas Thess
发明人: Richard Smalley , Daniel Colbert , Hongjie Dai , Jie Liu , Andrew Rinzler , Jason Hafner , Kenneth Smith , Ting Guo , Pavel Nikolaev , Andreas Thess
IPC分类号: D01F9/12
CPC分类号: G11C13/025 , B01J19/081 , B01J19/087 , B01J19/10 , B01J19/121 , B01J19/126 , B01J19/129 , B01J21/185 , B01J23/74 , B01J23/755 , B01J23/8913 , B01J37/0238 , B01J37/349 , B01J2219/00078 , B01J2219/0892 , B82B3/00 , C01B32/152 , C01B32/162 , C01B32/17 , C01B2202/02 , D01F9/12 , D01F9/127 , D21H27/00 , G11B9/1418 , G11B9/1445 , G11B9/1472 , G11B9/149 , G11C13/0014 , G11C13/0019 , G11C2213/16 , G11C2213/71 , G11C2213/81 , H01G9/2059 , H01L31/0352 , H01L31/06 , H01L31/18 , H01M4/133 , H01M4/525 , H01M4/583 , H01M4/587 , H01M4/625 , H01M10/0525 , Y02E10/542 , Y02E60/122 , Y02P70/521 , Y02P70/54 , Y10S977/70 , Y10S977/742 , Y10S977/745 , Y10S977/748 , Y10S977/75 , Y10S977/753 , Y10S977/789 , Y10S977/842 , Y10S977/843 , Y10S977/845 , Y10S977/847 , Y10S977/848 , Y10S977/849 , Y10S977/882 , Y10S977/948 , Y10T428/24058 , Y10T428/2918 , Y10T428/292 , Y10T428/30
摘要: This invention relates generally to carbon fiber produced from fullerene nanotube arrays. In one embodiment, the present invention involves a macroscopic carbon fiber comprising at least 106 fullerene nanotubes in generally parallel orientation.
摘要翻译: 本发明一般涉及由富勒烯纳米管阵列产生的碳纤维。 在一个实施方案中,本发明涉及包含大致平行取向的至少10个富勒烯纳米管的宏观碳纤维。
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公开(公告)号:US20070003470A1
公开(公告)日:2007-01-04
申请号:US10324927
申请日:2002-12-20
申请人: Richard Smalley , Jason Hafner , Daniel Colbert , Ken Smith
发明人: Richard Smalley , Jason Hafner , Daniel Colbert , Ken Smith
IPC分类号: D01F9/12
CPC分类号: D01F9/127 , B01J23/28 , B01J23/881 , B01J35/0013 , B01J35/023 , B82Y30/00 , B82Y40/00 , C01B32/162 , C01B2202/02 , C01B2202/04 , Y10S977/75 , Y10S977/752 , Y10S977/843
摘要: The present invention concerns a method for growing carbon nanotubes using a catalyst system that preferentially promotes the growth of single- and double-wall carbon nanotubes, rather than larger multi-walled carbon nanotubes. Ropes of the carbon nanotubes are formed that comprise single-wall and/or double-wall carbon nanotubes.
摘要翻译: 本发明涉及使用优先促进单壁和双壁碳纳米管的生长而不是较大的多壁碳纳米管生长的催化剂体系来生长碳纳米管的方法。 形成包括单壁和/或双壁碳纳米管的碳纳米管的绳索。
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公开(公告)号:US20050169830A1
公开(公告)日:2005-08-04
申请号:US10759356
申请日:2004-01-16
申请人: Smalley Richard , Daniel Colbert , Kenneth Smith , Deron Walters , Michael Casavant , Chad Huffman , Boris Yakobson , Robert Hauge , Rajesh Saini , Wan-Ting Chiang , Xiao Qin
发明人: Smalley Richard , Daniel Colbert , Kenneth Smith , Deron Walters , Michael Casavant , Chad Huffman , Boris Yakobson , Robert Hauge , Rajesh Saini , Wan-Ting Chiang , Xiao Qin
CPC分类号: B82Y40/00 , B82Y10/00 , B82Y30/00 , C01B32/168 , C01B2202/02 , C01B2202/08 , H01J2201/30469 , Y10S977/75 , Y10S977/845 , Y10S977/847 , Y10T156/10
摘要: The present invention is directed to the creation of macroscopic materials and objects comprising aligned nanotube segments. The invention entails aligning single-wall carbon nanotube (SWNT) segments that are suspended in a fluid medium and then removing the aligned segments from suspension in a way that macroscopic, ordered assemblies of SWNT are formed. The invention is further directed to controlling the natural proclivity of nanotube segments to self assemble into ordered structures by modifying the environment of the nanotubes and the history of that environment prior to and during the process. The materials and objects are “macroscopic” in that they are large enough to be seen without the aid of a microscope or of the dimensions of such objects. These macroscopic, ordered SWNT materials and objects have the remarkable physical, electrical, and chemical properties that SWNT exhibit on the microscopic scale because they are comprised of nanotubes, each of which is aligned in the same direction and in contact with its nearest neighbors. An ordered assembly of closest SWNT also serves as a template for growth of more and larger ordered assemblies. An ordered assembly further serves as a foundation for post processing treatments that modify the assembly internally to specifically enhance selected material properties such as shear strength, tensile strength, compressive strength, toughness, electrical conductivity, and thermal conductivity.
摘要翻译: 本发明涉及包括对准的纳米管段的宏观材料和物体的产生。 本发明需要将悬浮在流体介质中的单壁碳纳米管(SWNT)段对准,然后以形成SWNT的宏观有序组件的方式从悬浮液中除去对准的段。 本发明进一步涉及通过在过程之前和过程中修改纳米管的环境和该环境的历史来控制纳米管段的自然倾向自我组装成有序结构。 材料和物体是“宏观的”,因为它们足够大以便在没有显微镜或这些物体的尺寸的情况下被看到。 这些宏观有序的SWNT材料和物体具有显着的物理,电学和化学性质,SWNT在微观尺度上显示,因为它们由纳米管组成,其中每个纳米管沿相同方向排列并与其最近的邻近物接触。 最近的SWNT的有序组件也可以作为增加更多和更大订单组件的模板。 订购的组件还用作后处理处理的基础,其在内部改变组件以特异性地增强选定的材料性能,例如剪切强度,抗拉强度,抗压强度,韧性,导电性和导热性。
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公开(公告)号:US20080063585A1
公开(公告)日:2008-03-13
申请号:US11931031
申请日:2007-10-31
申请人: Richard Smalley , Daniel Colbert , Hongjie Dai , Jie Liu , Andrew Rinzler , Jason Hafner , Kenneth Smith , Ting Guo , Pavel Nikolaev , Andreas Thess
发明人: Richard Smalley , Daniel Colbert , Hongjie Dai , Jie Liu , Andrew Rinzler , Jason Hafner , Kenneth Smith , Ting Guo , Pavel Nikolaev , Andreas Thess
IPC分类号: C01B31/00 , C07C21/00 , C07C211/00 , C07C221/00 , C07C321/00 , C07C33/00 , C07K5/06 , C07K5/08 , C07K5/10 , C07K7/06
CPC分类号: D01F9/12 , B82Y10/00 , B82Y30/00 , B82Y40/00 , C01B32/152 , C01B32/162 , C01B2202/02 , D01F9/127 , G11C13/025 , G11C2213/16 , G11C2213/71
摘要: This invention relates generally to a fullerene nanotube composition. The fullerene nanotubes may be in the form of a felt, such as a bucky paper. Optionally, the fullerene nanotubes may be derivatized with one or more functional groups. Devices employing the fullerene nanotubes of this invention are also disclosed.
摘要翻译: 本发明一般涉及富勒烯纳米管组合物。 富勒烯纳米管可以是毡的形式,例如巴克纸。 任选地,富勒烯纳米管可以用一个或多个官能团衍生化。 还公开了使用本发明的富勒烯纳米管的装置。
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公开(公告)号:US20050244327A9
公开(公告)日:2005-11-03
申请号:US10327405
申请日:2002-12-20
申请人: Richard Smalley , Jason Hafner , Daniel Colbert , Ken Smith
发明人: Richard Smalley , Jason Hafner , Daniel Colbert , Ken Smith
CPC分类号: D01F9/127 , B01J23/28 , B01J23/881 , B01J35/0013 , B01J35/023 , B82Y30/00 , B82Y40/00 , C01B32/162 , C01B2202/02 , C01B2202/08 , C01B2202/36 , Y10S977/75 , Y10S977/843 , Y10S977/845
摘要: Single-walled carbon nanotubes have been synthesized by the catalytic decomposition of both carbon monoxide and ethylene over a supported metal catalyst known to produce larger multi-walled nanotubes. Under certain conditions, there is no termination of nanotube growth, and production appears to be limited only by the diffusion of reactant gas through the product nanotube mat that covers the catalyst The present invention concerns a catalyst-substrate system which promotes the growth of nanotubes that are predominantly single-walled tubes in a specific size range, rather than the large irregular-sized multi-walled carbon fibrils that are known to grow from supported catalysts. With development of the supported catalyst system to provide an effective means for production of single-wall nanotubes, and further development of the catalyst geometry to overcome the diffusion limitation, the present invention will allow bulk catalytic production of predominantly single-wall carbon nanotubes from metal catalysts located on a catalyst supporting surface.
摘要翻译: 单壁碳纳米管已经通过一氧化碳和乙烯的催化分解在已知生产较大的多壁纳米管的负载金属催化剂上合成。 在某些条件下,不存在纳米管生长的终止,并且生产看起来只受到反应气体通过覆盖催化剂的产物纳米管垫的扩散的限制。本发明涉及促进纳米管生长的催化剂 - 底物系统 主要是具有特定尺寸范围的单壁管,而不是已知从负载催化剂生长的大的不规则尺寸的多壁碳原纤维。 通过开发负载型催化剂体系以提供生产单壁纳米管的有效手段,以及催化剂几何形状的进一步发展以克服扩散限制,本发明将允许主要从金属制得单壁碳纳米管 位于催化剂载体表面上的催化剂。
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公开(公告)号:US20050244326A1
公开(公告)日:2005-11-03
申请号:US11020727
申请日:2004-12-22
申请人: Daniel Colbert , Hongjie Dai , Jason Hafner , Andrew Rinzler , Richard Smalley , Jie Liu , Kenneth Smith , Ting Guo , Pavel Nikolaev , Andreas Thess
发明人: Daniel Colbert , Hongjie Dai , Jason Hafner , Andrew Rinzler , Richard Smalley , Jie Liu , Kenneth Smith , Ting Guo , Pavel Nikolaev , Andreas Thess
IPC分类号: G01B7/34 , B82B1/00 , B82B3/00 , C01B31/02 , D01F9/12 , D01F9/127 , G01B21/30 , G01N33/543 , G01Q70/12 , G11B9/00 , G11B11/00 , G21K7/00 , C01B31/00
CPC分类号: G01Q70/12 , C01B32/152 , C01B32/162 , C01B32/174 , C01B2202/02 , C01B2202/06 , C01B2202/08 , C01B2202/24 , C01B2202/34 , G01Q70/16 , G11B9/1409 , G11B11/007 , G11C13/025 , G11C2213/81 , H01J2201/30469 , Y10S977/70 , Y10S977/75 , Y10S977/789 , Y10S977/843 , Y10S977/845 , Y10T428/249977 , Y10T428/2918
摘要: The invention relates generally to dispersing and fractionating single-wall carbon nanotubes, which can be derivatized to facilitate fractionation, for example, by adding solubilizing moieties to the nanotubes.
摘要翻译: 本发明一般涉及分散和分馏单壁碳纳米管,其可被衍生化以促进分级,例如通过向纳米管中加入增溶部分。
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公开(公告)号:US20050100497A1
公开(公告)日:2005-05-12
申请号:US10426781
申请日:2003-04-30
申请人: Richard Smalley , Daniel Colbert , Ting Guo , Andrew Rinzler , Pavel Nikolaev , Andreas Thess
发明人: Richard Smalley , Daniel Colbert , Ting Guo , Andrew Rinzler , Pavel Nikolaev , Andreas Thess
CPC分类号: B82Y30/00 , B82Y15/00 , B82Y40/00 , C01B32/162 , C01B2202/02 , C01B2202/22 , C01B2202/36 , Y02P20/134 , Y10S428/903 , Y10S977/742 , Y10S977/743 , Y10S977/75 , Y10S977/751 , Y10S977/842 , Y10S977/844 , Y10S977/938 , Y10T428/2913 , Y10T442/50 , Y10T442/624
摘要: This invention provides a method of making single-wall carbon nanotubes by laser vaporizing a mixture of carbon and one or more Group VIII transition metals. Single-wall carbon nanotubes preferentially form in the vapor and the one or more Group VIII transition metals catalyzed growth of the single-wall carbon nanotubes. In one embodiment of the invention, one or more single-wall carbon nanotubes are fixed in a high temperature zone so that the one or more Group VIII transition metals catalyze further growth of the single-wall carbon nanotube that is maintained in the high temperature zone. In another embodiment, two separate laser pulses are utilized with the second pulse timed to be absorbed by the vapor created by the first pulse.
摘要翻译: 本发明提供了一种通过激发汽化碳和一种或多种第八族过渡金属的混合物来制备单壁碳纳米管的方法。 单壁碳纳米管优先在蒸气中形成,并且一个或多个VIII族过渡金属催化单壁碳纳米管的生长。 在本发明的一个实施方案中,一个或多个单壁碳纳米管固定在高温区域中,使得一种或多种第VIII族过渡金属催化保持在高温区域中的单壁碳纳米管的进一步生长 。 在另一个实施例中,利用两个单独的激光脉冲,第二脉冲定时被第一脉冲产生的蒸气吸收。
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公开(公告)号:US20070153227A1
公开(公告)日:2007-07-05
申请号:US11615782
申请日:2006-12-22
IPC分类号: G02F1/13
CPC分类号: G02F1/292 , F24S23/00 , F24S23/10 , F24S23/31 , F24S30/452 , F24S50/20 , F24S50/80 , G02B3/08 , G02B5/06 , G02B26/0883 , G02F1/13 , G02F1/133526 , G02F1/13471 , G02F1/29 , G02F2001/13324 , G02F2201/305 , G02F2203/24 , H01L31/0543 , H01L31/0547 , H01L31/055 , Y02E10/44 , Y02E10/47 , Y02E10/52
摘要: Techniques and assemblies for light ray steering are described. A method for directing light rays includes steering the light rays using a static prism and controllably steering the light rays using an electro-optic prism, such that the combination of the light ray steerings from the static prism and the electro-optic prism substantially steer the light rays to impinge on a light focusing element at a predetermined angle. The electro-optic prism includes a first electrode positioned on a first substrate, a second electrode positioned on a second substrate, and an electro-optic material positioned between the first and second electrodes. The first electrode includes multiple substantially parallel linear electrodes. Applying multiple voltages to some or all of the multiple substantially parallel linear electrodes generates a refractive index gradient across the electro-optic prism. The direction of solar rays exiting the electro-optic prism is controllable by controlling the refractive index gradient. The method further includes receiving the light rays at the light focusing element and focusing the light rays, after the light rays have passed through the static prism and the electro-optic prism.
摘要翻译: 描述了用于光线转向的技术和组件。 用于引导光线的方法包括使用静态棱镜来控制光线并且使用电光棱镜可控地转向光线,使得来自静态棱镜和电光棱镜的光线操纵的组合基本上引导 光线以预定角度撞击在光聚焦元件上。 电光棱镜包括位于第一基板上的第一电极,位于第二基板上的第二电极和位于第一和第二电极之间的电光材料。 第一电极包括多个基本上平行的线状电极。 对多个基本平行的线性电极中的一些或全部施加多个电压在电光棱镜上产生折射率梯度。 离开电光棱镜的太阳光线的方向是通过控制折射率梯度来控制的。 该方法还包括在光线通过静态棱镜和电光棱镜之后接收光聚焦元件处的光线并聚焦光线。
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