摘要:
This invention concerns the preparation of polymers of low polydispersity and/or controlled molecular weight and architecture employing living free radical polymerization initiated by an alkoxyamine initiator or nitroxide plus, optionally a free radical initiator, the polymer produced thereby; selected nitroxide and alkoxyamine initiators; and a process for making the initiators; the polymeric products being useful in protective coatings.
摘要:
The present invention is directed to a process for the cleavage of one or more starting polymers having thiocarbonylthio groups of the formula (I) into derived polymers in which the —S—(C═S)— group is transformed. The process includes contacting the starting polymer containing groups Yb with one or more reagents containing groups Xa to produce the derived polymer and a byproduct containing the groups Yb, wherein the groups Xa is one or more reactive groups and the groups Yb is an extracting group and a byproduct, which is then separated from the derived polymer by conventional separation processes. The derived polymer is free from odor or color that is sometimes associated with the starting polymer and it can be used in making optical lenses, such as high refractive index spectacle lenses.
摘要:
This invention concerns a free radical polymerization process, selected chain transfer agents employed in the process and polymers made thereby, in which the process comprises preparing polymer of general Formula (A) and Formula (B) comprising contacting: (i) a monomer selected from the group consisting of vinyl monomers (of structure CH2=CUV), maleic anhydride, N-alkylmaleimide, N-arylmaleimide, dialkyl fumarate and cyclopolymerizable monomers; (ii) a thiocarbonylthio compound selected from Formula (C) and Formula (D) having a chain transfer constant greater than about 0.1; and (iii) free radicals produced from a free radical source; the polymer of Formula (A) being made by contacting (i), (ii) C and (iii) and that of Formula (B) by contacting (i), (ii) D, and (iii); and (iv) controlling the polydispersity of the polymer being formed by varying the ratio of the number of molecules of (ii) to the number of molecules of (iii); wherein Q, R, U, V, Z, Z′, m, p and q am as defined in the text.
摘要:
The present invention is directed to a process for forming star shaped microgels which include a core of crosslinked polymer and multiplicity of substantially linear polymeric arms of macromonomers attached to the core. The process includes polymerizing monoethylenically unsaturated monomers in the presence of a chain transfer agent to form macromonomers each having a terminal polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated group and then polymerizing, in presence of the macromonomers, the monoethylenically unsaturated monomers and multi-olefinic crosslinking monomers. The microgels of the present invention can be used as rheology control agents in waterborne and solvent-borne coatings and in adhesives and cosmetics.
摘要:
Aqueous dispersions which are particularly well suited for use as aqueous jet ink compositions having an aqueous carrier medium which comprises water or a mixture of water and at least one organic solvent, a particulate solid, preferably a pigment, and a cyclopolymer dispersant.
摘要:
The present invention is directed to a process for the cleavage of one or more starting polymers having thiocarbonylthio groups of the formula (I) into derived polymers in which the —S—(C═S)— group is transformed. The process includes contacting the starting polymer containing groups Yb with one or more reagents containing groups Xa to produce the derived polymer and a byproduct containing the groups Yb, wherein the groups Xa is one or more reactive groups and the groups Yb is an extracting group and a byproduct, which is then separated from the derived polymer by conventional separation processes. The derived polymer is free from odor or color that is sometimes associated with the starting polymer and it can be used in making optical lenses, such as high refractive index spectacle lenses.
摘要:
A free radical polymerization process suitable for synthesizingpolymers is disclosed. The process utilizes novel sulfur based chain transfer agents and is widely compatible over a range of monomers and reaction conditions. Novel polymers having low pollydispersity and predictable specific polymer architecture and molecular weight are produced by the process. The polymers produced by the process are suitable for use as binders in automotive OEM and refinish coatings.
摘要:
A process for forming a microgel which comprises a crosslinked core and a multiplicity of linear polymeric arms attached to the core, wherein the process comprises (a) first forming a halogen atom terminated prepolymer with a weight average molecular weight from 1,000 to 25,000 by polymerizing monoethylenically unsaturated monomers in the presence of an organic sulfonyl halide, an organic complexing agent and a transition metal (i.e., Cu, Ru, Ni, Re, Pd, Fe, or Rh); and (b) subsequently polymerizing the prepolymer with a mixture of monoethylenically unsaturated monomers and 0.5 to 60 mole percent, based on the total moles of monomer and prepolymer, of multi-olefinic polymerizable monomers to form a microgel with a weight average molecular weight of 10,000 to 100,000,000 and crosslinked core.
摘要:
Compound of the Formula 1 ##STR1## wherein: R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are independently selected from the group comprising hydrogen, C.sub.1 to C.sub.6alkyl, C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 haloalkyl, phenyl, and substituted phenyl;X is selected from the group comprising sulfur, sulphone, disulfide;Y is selected from oxygen, carbon, N--H, N-alkyl, N-aryl, or sulfur; andZ is any linking functionality.The compounds represent a new class of ring opening monomers.