公开(公告)号：US4738535A

公开(公告)日：1988-04-19

申请号：US888122

申请日：1986-07-22

Applicant: Donald R. Webster

Inventor： Donald R. Webster

IPC: G01N21/27 ,  F21V8/00 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/10 ,  G01J3/12 ,  G01N21/31 ,  G01J3/51

CPC classification number: G01N21/314 ,  G02B6/0006 ,  G01J2003/1243 ,  G01J3/0221 ,  G01J3/10 ,  G01N2201/0826

Abstract: In an optical instrument, fiber optics are employed to receive light from a linear filament. The fiber optics are arranged into a plurality of light receiving bundle ends distributed around the linear filament and shaped into narrow rectangular slits aligned with the filament. The fibers from each of the receiving ends are equally distributed between two transmitting ends which direct the light through cylindrical lenses to opposite sides of a rotating filter wheel in a paddle wheel configuration. Light beams from the transmitting ends of the fiber optic bundles pass through filters on the filter wheel to additional fiber optic bundles which carry the received light to a probe.

Abstract translation: 在光学仪器中，使用光纤来接收来自线状灯丝的光。 纤维光学器件被布置成分布在线状细丝周围的多个光接收束端，并成形成与灯丝对准的窄矩形狭缝。 来自每个接收端的光纤被均匀分布在两个发射端之间，两个发射端之间通过圆柱透镜将光引导到桨轮结构中的旋转滤光轮的相对侧。 来自光纤束的发射端的光束通过滤光轮上的滤光器，将附着的光纤束传送到探头上。

公开(公告)号：US4737034A

公开(公告)日：1988-04-12

申请号：US236543

申请日：1981-02-20

Applicant: Donald R. Webster

Inventor： Donald R. Webster

IPC: G01J3/12 ,  G01J3/51

CPC classification number: G01J3/12 ,  G01J2003/123 ,  G01J3/0235

Abstract: An optical analysis system employs a rectangular beam of light passing through interference filters to analyze the constituents of a test sample moving through the beam. A plurality of interference filters are moved successively through the beam between the source of the beam and the sample and are tilted about an axis as they are moved, thereby transmitting a range of wavelengths to the sample. Skew rays of light in the beam strike the filters at different angles from the angles at which rays parallel to the axis of the beam strike the filters and so transmit wavelengths different from those of rays parallel to the axis of the beam. The angle deviation is greatest for the skew light rays which are skewed from the axis of the beam in a plane perpendicular to the tilt axis of the filters. Thus, the shorter dimension of the rectangular beam is arranged to be perpendicular to the tilt axis of the filters.

Abstract translation: 光学分析系统采用通过干涉滤光片的矩形光束来分析通过光束移动的测试样品的成分。 多个干涉滤光片依次通过光源和样品之间的光束移动，并且在它们被移动时围绕轴倾斜，从而向样品传输一定范围的波长。 光束中的偏斜光束从与平行于光束的光线的射线撞击过滤器的角度不同的角度以不同的角度撞击过滤器，因此传输与平行于光束轴线的光线不同的波长。 对于在垂直于滤光片的倾斜轴的平面中从光束的轴线偏斜的偏斜光线，角度偏差最大。 因此，矩形梁的较短尺寸被布置成垂直于过滤器的倾斜轴线。

公开(公告)号：US5477322A

公开(公告)日：1995-12-19

申请号：US322556

申请日：1994-10-13

Applicant: Donald R. Webster

Inventor： Donald R. Webster

IPC: G01J3/10 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/32

CPC classification number: G01J3/10 ,  G01J3/2846

Abstract: In a spectrophotometer, a light source is provided in the form of a multiplicity of light emitting diodes which transmit light through an entrance slit to irradiate an oscillating grating. The light is dispersed by the grating toward an exit slit which transmits a narrow bandwidth of light to irradiate a sample. As the grating oscillates, the wavelength transmitted through the exit slit is scanned through a selected spectrum. The diodes in the array each emit light in a different wavelength band so that the diodes as a group emit light throughout the selected spectrum. As the grating oscillates, the diodes are energized and extinguished in sequence so that no more than two diodes will be energized at any given instant of time and the energized diode will be emitting light at the wavelength dispersed by the grating to the exit slit.

Abstract translation: 在分光光度计中，以多个发光二极管的形式提供光源，其通过入射狭缝透射光以照射振荡光栅。 光被光栅分散到出射狭缝，该狭缝传播窄带宽的光以照射样品。 当光栅振荡时，通过出射狭缝传输的波长通过选定的光谱进行扫描。 阵列中的二极管各自发射不同波长带的光，使得作为一组的二极管在整个所选光谱中发光。 当光栅振荡时，二极管被依次通电并熄灭，使得在任何给定的时刻不超过两个二极管被激励，并且通电的二极管将以由光栅分散的波长发射到出射狭缝的光。

公开(公告)号：US4443108A

公开(公告)日：1984-04-17

申请号：US248729

申请日：1981-03-30

Applicant: Donald R. Webster

Inventor： Donald R. Webster

IPC: G01N21/31 ,  G01J3/50

CPC classification number: G01N21/314 ,  Y10S250/91

Abstract: In an instrument adapted particularly for analyzing agricultural products, such as grain, interference filters are rotated successively through an infrared wide wavelength band beam of light, which irradiates a sample of the product. Each of the interference filters operates to transmit a narrow wavelength band of light, the center frequency of which is scanned through a range of values as the angle of incidence of the beam of light to the interference filter varies as the filter rotates through the beam of light. An optical track is provided which rotates with the assembly of interference filters to generate pulses from index markings in the optical track. The markings in the optical track are spaced so that one pulse is generated for each angstrom of variation of the center frequency transmitted through an interference filter. The pulses are counted in the counter and the counts in the counter are used to control the selection of intensities reflected from the sample to be used in the analysis of the sample.

Abstract translation: 在特别适用于分析粮食等农产品的仪器中，干涉滤光片依次通过辐射产品样品的红外线宽波长束光束旋转。 每个干涉滤波器操作以发射窄的波长频带，其中心频率被扫描通过一定范围的值，因为光束到干涉滤光器的入射角随着滤光器通过波束的波束而变化 光。 提供了一种光学轨道，其与干涉滤光片的组合一起旋转以从光学轨迹中的索引标记产生脉冲。 光轨中的标记间隔开，以便通过干涉滤光片传输的中心频率的变化幅度产生一个脉冲。 在计数器中计数脉冲，计数器中的计数用于控制在样品分析中用于样品反射的强度的选择。

公开(公告)号：US4037970A

公开(公告)日：1977-07-26

申请号：US653848

申请日：1976-01-30

Applicant: Donald R. Webster ,  Eugene R. Ganssle

Inventor： Donald R. Webster ,  Eugene R. Ganssle

IPC: G01J1/18 ,  G01J3/12 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01N21/31 ,  G01N21/35 ,  G01N33/10 ,  G01J3/48

CPC classification number: G01N21/314 ,  G01N33/10 ,  G01J2001/182 ,  G01J2003/1243 ,  G01J2003/2866 ,  G01N2021/3129 ,  G01N2021/3159 ,  G01N2021/4769 ,  G01N21/35 ,  G01N21/3563 ,  G01N21/4738 ,  G01N2201/1283

Abstract: An automatic test instrument for gaging the percentage of various constituents in organic substances by comparing the reflective optical density of the subject at various wavelengths. Narrow band optical filters are connected together in the form of a rotatable paddle wheel positioned so that the filters can be individually swept through the incident light path between the specimen and wideband light source. As the filter wheel turns, the band of light passed by each filter is progressively shifted with the changing angle of the filter relative to the light path. The filter wheel configuration includes opaque vanes extending from the ends of the filters to periodically interrupt the passage of light to the specimen. Photocells are positioned to sense the level of light reflected from the specimen. The output of the photocells is sampled at predetermined times relative to the rotation of the filter wheel to yield values indicative of reflected intensity at certain wavelengths. Using these values, an electronic circuit in one embodiment calculates three optical density difference values corresponding to moisture, protein and oil content of the specimen. The difference values are automatically inserted in three linear equations which are solved to obtain readings representing the true percentages of oil, water and protein contained in the specimen. Each time a new specimen is loaded for testing, the instrument is automatically calibrated against a standard sample, preferably Teflon (Trademark). The output of the photocells is amplified in a special circuit which subtracts the level of dark period current from the output when the photocells are illuminated.

公开(公告)号：US06737649B2

公开(公告)日：2004-05-18

申请号：US10122373

申请日：2002-04-16

Applicant: Donald R. Webster

Inventor： Donald R. Webster

IPC: G01N2101

CPC classification number: G01N21/474 ,  G01N21/35 ,  G01N21/3563

Abstract: In an infrared analysis instrument, a fiber optic probe, designed to be inserted into a particulate sample, is formed from distal ends of transmitting and receiving optic fibers. The distal ends of the transmitting fibers are located centrally in the probe and the distal ends of the receiving fibers are formed in a ring around the distal ends of the transmitting fibers. The distal ends of the receiving fibers are set back from the distal ends of the transmitting fibers. The receiving fibers carrying diffusely scattered light reflected from and transmitted through the particulate sample to a spectrophotometer housing containing fixed grating and an array of silicon photodetectors arranged to detect the spectrum dispersed by the grating in the range of 500 to 1100 nm.

Abstract translation: 在红外分析仪器中，设计成插入到颗粒样品中的光纤探针由发射和接收光纤的远端形成。 传输光纤的远端位于探头的中央，并且接收光纤的远端围绕发射光纤的远端形成环。 接收纤维的远端从传送纤维的远端放回。 所述接收光纤承载从所述颗粒样品反射并透射通过所述颗粒样品的分散光，其包含固定光栅的分光光度计壳体和硅光电检测器阵列，所述硅光电检测器布置成检测由所述光栅在500至1100nm范围内分散的光谱。

公开(公告)号：US4538908A

公开(公告)日：1985-09-03

申请号：US422275

申请日：1982-09-23

Applicant: Donald R. Webster

Inventor： Donald R. Webster

IPC: G01N21/47 ,  G01N33/10 ,  G01J3/48 ,  G01N1/10

CPC classification number: G01N33/10 ,  G01N21/4738 ,  G01N2021/4769

Abstract: In an instrument for optically analyzing particulate samples such as grain samples, the sample is introduced into a chute which is received in a vibrating apparatus to vibrate the grain in the chute and compact it. The chute is then dropped to a carriage which transports the chute and the grain through a beam of narrow band infrared light. A photocell is positioned to detect the amount of light passing through the grain sample.

Abstract translation: 在用于光学分析诸如颗粒样品的颗粒样品的仪器中，将样品引入到容纳在振动装置中的斜槽中以使谷物在滑槽中振动并压实。 然后将滑槽下落到通过窄带红外光束输送滑槽和谷物的滑架。 定位光电管以检测通过谷物样品的光量。

公开(公告)号：US4422760A

公开(公告)日：1983-12-27

申请号：US236580

申请日：1981-02-20

Applicant: Donald R. Webster

Inventor： Donald R. Webster

IPC: G01N21/47 ,  G01N33/10 ,  G01N21/01 ,  G01N21/55

CPC classification number: G01N33/10 ,  G01N21/4738 ,  G01N2021/4769 ,  Y10S250/91

Abstract: An instrument for optically measuring and analyzing samples of particulate material includes a chute for conveying the samples through a light beam by which the measurements are made and a trough positioned at the bottom of the chute. The trough supports a column of the particulate material in the chute and acts as a gate to prevent the particulate material from flowing out of the chute. The trough is mounted on a vibrator and during the measurement operation vibrates to cause the particulate material to flow out of the chute. When vibrating, the trough transmits vibrations up through the column of particulate material in the chute to maintain the column in a free flowing condition and to prevent bridging.

Abstract translation: 用于光学测量和分析颗粒材料样品的仪器包括用于通过进行测量的光束传送样品的滑槽和位于滑槽底部的槽。 槽支撑滑槽中的颗粒材料柱，并用作门，以防止颗粒材料流出滑槽。 槽安装在振动器上，并且在测量操作期间振动以使颗粒材料流出滑槽。 当振动时，槽通过滑槽中的颗粒材料柱向上传递振动，以保持柱处于自由流动状态并防止桥接。

公开(公告)号：US4400086A

公开(公告)日：1983-08-23

申请号：US45089

申请日：1979-06-04

Applicant: Donald R. Webster

Inventor： Donald R. Webster

IPC: G01N21/35 ,  G01N33/10 ,  G01N1/20 ,  G01N21/85

CPC classification number: G01N33/10 ,  G01N21/3563 ,  G01N21/3554

Abstract: In an instrument for optically measuring the constituents of grain samples, a grinder is provided to grind a sample of grain and direct the ground grain into a chute. A hopper is provided for loading the grain into the grinder with a gate for controlling the flow of the grain into the grinder. A filter wheel and infrared light source assembly directs a beam of infrared light on the grain sample in the chute while continuously changing the wavelength irradiating the grain. As the infrared light is irradiating grain, the grain is moved in a bed through the infrared light and reflectivity measurements are made. From these reflectivity measurements, the oil, water and protein content of the grain sample is determined.

Abstract translation: 在用于光学测量颗粒样品的成分的仪器中，提供研磨机以研磨颗粒样品并将磨碎的颗粒引导入滑槽。 设置有用于将颗粒装入研磨机的料斗，其具有用于控制谷物进入研磨机的流动的浇口。 过滤轮和红外光源组件在连续改变照射谷物的波长的同时，将一束红外线引导到滑槽中的颗粒样品上。 当红外线照射谷物时，颗粒通过红外光在床中移动，并进行反射率测量。 从这些反射率测量中，确定了颗粒样品的油，水和蛋白质含量。

公开(公告)号：US4260262A

公开(公告)日：1981-04-07

申请号：US964191

申请日：1978-11-28

Applicant: Donald R. Webster

Inventor： Donald R. Webster

IPC: G01J1/18 ,  G01J3/12 ,  G01N21/31 ,  G01N21/35 ,  G01N21/27

CPC classification number: G01N21/314 ,  G01N21/3563 ,  G01J2001/182 ,  G01J2003/1243 ,  G01N21/35 ,  G01N21/4738 ,  G01N2201/126 ,  G01N2201/12753 ,  G01N2201/1283 ,  Y10S250/91

Abstract: An improved grain quality analyzer, for analyzing the percentage concentration of various constituents, e.g. protein and water, in a grain sample, photo-optically measures the change in the optical density of the sample, .DELTA. OD, in a range of characteristic wavelengths and, for protein, in a range of neutral wavelengths and uses these measured values to compute the percentage concentration of the constituents.A grain sample is irradiated with light, the wavelength of which sweeps across the infrared light-spectrum including a range of wavelengths termed characteristic wavelengths, and, for protein, a range of wavelengths termed neutral wavelengths. The characteristic wavelengths are those wavelengths at which the optical characteristics of the irradiated sample, that is, the optical density, reflectivity, transmissivity, and/or absorption, are known to vary as a function of the concentration of the measured constituent, and, for the protein measurement, the neutral wavelengths are those wavelengths at which the optical characteristics are substantially independent of the concentration of the protein.In the preferred embodiment, photo-optical sensors measure the light reflected from the sample and provide output signals indicative of the optical density of the sample as a function of the wavelength of the irradiating light. Control and computing means sample the sensor output at spaced apart points in the range of characteristic wavelengths and in the range of neutral wavelengths to provide signals representative of the optical characteristics of the sample. Computing circuitry computes the percentage concentration of water and, for protein, computes the percentage concentration using an algorithm in accordance with the present invention which eliminates the inaccuracies introduced by light scattering from the sample.

Abstract translation: 改进的谷物质量分析仪，用于分析各种成分的百分浓度，例如 蛋白质和水在晶粒样品中光学测量样品光密度的变化，在特定波长范围内，对于蛋白质，在一定范围的中性波长，并使用这些测量值来计算 成分的浓度百分比。 用光照射晶粒样品，其波长扫过包括称为特征波长的波长范围的红外光谱，并且对于蛋白质，扫描一定范围的称为中性波长的波长。 特征波长是已知辐射样品的光学特性，即光密度，反射率，透射率和/或吸收的波长已知是随测量成分的浓度而变化的，并且对于 蛋白质测量，中性波长是光学特性基本上与蛋白质浓度无关的那些波长。 在优选实施例中，光电传感器测量从样品反射的光，并提供表示样品的光密度的输出信号作为照射光的波长的函数。 控制和计算装置在特征波长范围内和中性波长范围内的间隔开的点采样传感器输出，以提供代表样品的光学特性的信号。 计算电路计算水的百分浓度，并且对于蛋白质，使用根据本发明的算法计算百分比浓度，其消除了来自样品的光散射引入的不准确性。