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1.发明授权Particulate sample analyzing instrument employing vibration to compact the sample 失效使用振动的颗粒样品分析仪器压实样品
公开(公告)号：US4538908A
公开(公告)日：1985-09-03
申请号：US422275
申请日：1982-09-23
申请人： Donald R. Webster
发明人： Donald R. Webster
CPC分类号： G01N33/10 , G01N21/4738 , G01N2021/4769
摘要： In an instrument for optically analyzing particulate samples such as grain samples, the sample is introduced into a chute which is received in a vibrating apparatus to vibrate the grain in the chute and compact it. The chute is then dropped to a carriage which transports the chute and the grain through a beam of narrow band infrared light. A photocell is positioned to detect the amount of light passing through the grain sample.
摘要翻译： 在用于光学分析诸如颗粒样品的颗粒样品的仪器中，将样品引入到容纳在振动装置中的斜槽中以使谷物在滑槽中振动并压实。 然后将滑槽下落到通过窄带红外光束输送滑槽和谷物的滑架。 定位光电管以检测通过谷物样品的光量。
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2.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4266872A
公开(公告)日：1981-05-12
申请号：US28195
申请日：1979-04-09
申请人： Yuuji Mitsuhashi
发明人： Yuuji Mitsuhashi
CPC分类号： G03F5/00
摘要： A dot film is irradiated by light, so that the quantity of light in the long wavelength region and the quantity of light in the short wavelength region are obtained from the light passed through the dot film. The amount of reduction of the dot film is calculated from the difference between the two quantities of light, and is displayed on a display section.
摘要翻译： 通过光照射点状膜，使得从通过点膜的光获得长波长区域中的光量和短波长区域中的光量。 点胶膜的减少量根据两种光量之差计算，并显示在显示部分上。
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公开(公告)号：US4234257A
公开(公告)日：1980-11-18
申请号：US3101
申请日：1979-01-15
摘要： Gas analysis, intended primarily for the quantitative and qualitative analysis of sulfur, is performed utilizing flame photometry by burning a sample of the gas to be analyzed in a hydrogen rich flame in which combustion is supported by an excess of oxygen. A second hydrogen rich flame is used to reduce any sulfur present. A third flame is used to establish a thermal gradient which is particularly suited for the observation of the wavelengths emitted by sulfur. The actual detection of light emissions is accomplished using an appropriate filter and a photomultiplier tube. The detector of the present invention utilizes platinum flame holders in the first two flames and a platinum filament to induce the third flame and establish the aforementioned thermal gradient. A fourth platinum flame holder, preferably in the form of a mesh, is used to prevent flickering of the burning effluent gases which leave the detector, thereby reducing the noise level.
摘要翻译： 主要用于硫的定量和定性分析的气体分析采用火焰光度法，通过在富含燃料的富氧火焰中燃烧待分析的气体样品，其中燃烧由过量的氧气负载。 使用第二个富含氢的火焰来减少任何存在的硫。 第三种火焰用于建立特别适合于观察硫磺发射波长的热梯度。 光发射的实际检测是使用合适的滤光片和光电倍增管完成的。 本发明的检测器利用前两个火焰中的铂火焰保持器和铂丝来诱导第三个火焰并建立上述的热梯度。 优选采用网格形式的第四铂火焰保持器用于防止离开检测器的燃烧废气的闪烁，从而降低噪声水平。
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公开(公告)号：US4223995A
公开(公告)日：1980-09-23
申请号：US935868
申请日：1978-08-22
申请人： Taylor C. Fletcher
发明人： Taylor C. Fletcher
CPC分类号： G01N21/314
摘要： A calibration system is provided for spectrophotometers of the type in which two or more wave lengths of light are caused to be transmitted through a sample cell. The calibration system may be used to calibrate spectrophotometers in which the beams are sequentially transmitted through the sample. In the practice of the invention, the sample is replaced with a number of accurately known optical attenuators which are introduced into the system in synchronism with the two light beams. The system provides calibration for both the scaling and linearization of the spectrophotometer, or conversely provides for the generation of tables and graphs which permit the operator to correct the photometer reading into an accurate representation.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于分光光度计的校准系统，其中使两个或更多波长的光线通过样品池传播。 校准系统可用于校准分光光度计，其中光束依次透射通过样品。 在本发明的实践中，样品被许多精确已知的光衰减器代替，其与两个光束同步地被引入到系统中。 该系统为分光光度计的缩放和线性化提供了校准，或者相反地提供了允许操作者将光度计读数校正为精确表示的表格和图形的生成。
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公开(公告)号：US4108555A
公开(公告)日：1978-08-22
申请号：US674050
申请日：1976-04-05
CPC分类号： G01N21/251
摘要： A two-beam colorimeter comprising an incandescent lamp, a resistor connected electrically in series with the incandescent lamp, a condenser and an interference filter disposed in side by side relation adjacent said incandescent lamp, a two-hole diaphragm for developing a comparison light beam and a measuring light beam, a reference filter disposed in the path of the comparison light beam, and an adjusting filter movable into and out of the path of the measuring light beam.
摘要翻译： 一种双光束色度计，包括白炽灯，与白炽灯串联电连接的电阻器，与所述白炽灯相邻并排设置的电容器和干涉滤光器，用于显影比较光束的两孔膜片， 测量光束，设置在比较光束的路径中的参考滤光器以及可移入和移出测量光束的路径的调节滤光器。
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公开(公告)号：US4040747A
公开(公告)日：1977-08-09
申请号：US497727
申请日：1974-08-15
申请人： Donald R. Webster
发明人： Donald R. Webster
CPC分类号： G01N21/314 , G01N21/3563 , G01N33/10 , G01J2001/182 , G01J2003/1243 , G01J2003/2866 , G01N2021/3129 , G01N2021/3159 , G01N2021/4769 , G01N21/35 , G01N21/4738 , G01N2201/1283 , Y10S250/91
摘要： An automatic test instrument for gaging the percentage of various constituents in organic substances by comparing the reflective optical density of the subject at various wavelengths. Narrow band optical filters are connected together in the form of a rotatable paddle wheel positioned so that the filters can be individually swept through the incident light path between the specimen and wideband light source. As the filter wheel turns, the band of light passed by each filter is progressively shifted with the changing angle of the filter relative to the light path. The filter wheel configuration includes opaque vanes extending from the ends of the filters to periodically interrupt the passage of light to the specimen. Photocells are positioned to sense the level of light reflected from the specimen. The output of the photocells is sampled at pedetermined times relative to the rotation of the filter wheel to yield values indicative of reflected intensity at certain wavelengths. Using these values, an electronic circuit in one embodiment calculates three optical density difference values corresponding to moisture, protein and oil content of the specimen. The difference values are automatically inserted in three linear equations which are solved to obtain readings representing the true percentages of oil, water and protein contained in the specimen. Each time a new specimen is loaded for testing, the instrument is automatically calibrated against a standard sample, preferably Teflon (Trademark). The output of the photocells is amplified in a special circuit which subtracts the level of dark period current from the output when the photocells are illuminated.
摘要翻译： 一种自动测试仪器，用于通过比较不同波长的受试者的反射光密度来测量有机物质中各种成分的百分比。 窄带光学滤波器以可旋转的桨轮的形式连接在一起，其定位成使得滤光器可以被单独扫过样品和宽带光源之间的入射光路。 当滤光轮转动时，每个滤光片通过的光束随着滤光片相对于光路的变化角度逐渐变化。 过滤轮配置包括从过滤器的端部延伸的不透明的叶片，以周期性地中断通向样品的光。 光电池被定位以感测从样品反射的光的水平。 光电管的输出相对于滤光轮的旋转在规定时间被采样，以产生指示某些波长的反射强度的值。 使用这些值，一个实施例中的电子电路计算对应于样品的水分，蛋白质和油含量的三个光密度差值。 差值被自动插入三个线性方程中，这些线性方程被求解以获得表示样品中所含的油，水和蛋白质的真实百分比的读数。 每次加载新的样品进行测试时，仪器将自动根据标准样品进行校准，最好是Teflon（商标）。 光电管的输出在特殊电路中被放大，当光电管被照亮时，其从输出中减去暗周期电流的电平。
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7.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US3994591A
公开(公告)日：1976-11-30
申请号：US545025
申请日：1975-01-29
CPC分类号： G01N21/314 , G01N15/1468 , G06K9/00127 , G01N15/1475
摘要： A method and apparatus for analyzing features in a field which is scanned to produce video signals according to the spectral characteristics of the features. The apparatus incorporates two or more filters for producing different spectral characteristic images of the field which are then synchronously scanned using a plurality of separate scanners which are synchronized but which need not be so accurately registered point by point as is normally the case with color scanners. The invention provides for the use of an anti-coincidence detector circuit to associate video signal information arising from scanning non-registered images of the features in the field so that the information in the separate channels can be associated and made available for simultaneous comparison so that a ratio can for example be obtained of the integrated optical density measurements of a feature in respect of different color components of the image of the feature.Another embodiment of the invention is described in which an additional parameter such as area can be measured and a feature classification performed taking both integrated optical density ratios and areas into account.A third embodiment of the invention is described in which additional threshhold comparators are incorporated so that different areas of detected features can be selected for measurement.
摘要翻译： 一种用于分析场中的特征的方法和装置，其被扫描以根据特征的光谱特征产生视频信号。 该装置包括用于产生场的不同光谱特征图像的两个或更多个滤光器，然后使用多个分离的扫描器进行同步扫描，这些扫描器是同步的，但是与彩色扫描仪通常情况一样，不需要像这样精确地进行注册。 本发明提供使用反重合检测器电路来将从场中的特征的扫描非注册图像产生的视频信号信息相关联，使得可以将分离的信道中的信息相关联并使其可用于同时比较，使得 例如可以获得关于特征的图像的不同颜色分量的特征的集成光密度测量的比率。
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8.发明授权Multi-channel optical time-sharing apparatus having a rotating filter wheel with position-encoding means 失效具有带位置编码装置的旋转滤光轮的多通道光时分装置
公开(公告)号：US3963351A
公开(公告)日：1976-06-15
申请号：US567946
申请日：1975-04-14
CPC分类号： G01N21/314 , G01J2001/444 , G01J2003/123 , G01N2021/3162 , G01N2021/3174 , G01N2021/4742 , G01N2021/6421 , G01N21/6408 , G01N2201/0621 , G01N2201/0806
摘要： A multi-wavelength time-sharing apparatus usable in various different configurations of optical measuring equipment to provide a plurality of time-shared optical channels and including appropriate circuitry. The apparatus employs a turbine-driven filter wheel having a shaft position-encoding arrangement consisting of a hollow shaft portion which is internally illuminated. The hollow shaft portion has two sets of spaced apertures cyclically communicating with respective angularly spaced pairs of externally fixedly mounted phototransistors which are sequentially illuminated as the shaft portion rotates and which produce timing pulses which drive Schmitt triggers, which, in a typical embodiment, in turn produce pulses compatible with a logic circuit employed to decode the phototransistor signals into triggers for driving a 4-channel switched gain equalizer, a dark current clamp, and detector gates. Appropriate selection of the signals enables the instrument to function as a fluorometer or a spectrophotometer.
摘要翻译： 一种可用于各种不同配置的光学测量设备以提供多个时间共享的光学信道并且包括适当的电路的多波长时间共享装置。 该装置采用具有轴位置编码装置的涡轮驱动滤光轮，该轴位置编码装置由内部照明的中空轴部分组成。 空心轴部分具有两组间隔开的孔，这些孔与相应的有角度地间隔开的外部固定安装的光电晶体管对循环连通，随着轴部分旋转，该光电晶体管依次被照亮，并且产生驱动施密特触发器的定时脉冲，在典型的实施例中， 产生与用于将光电晶体管信号解码为用于驱动4通道开关增益均衡器，暗电流钳和检测器门的触发器的逻辑电路兼容的脉冲。 信号的适当选择使得仪器能够用作荧光计或分光光度计。
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公开(公告)号：US3929398A
公开(公告)日：1975-12-30
申请号：US17279771
申请日：1971-08-18
申请人： BATES HARRY E
发明人： BATES HARRY E
CPC分类号： G01J9/0246 , G01J9/00
摘要： Light whose wavelength is to be measured is applied to a device utilizing a light processing means which serves to transmit light to a detector array in a manner determined by its wavelength. The coded output of the detector array can thus immediately indicate the wavelength of the incoming light. I prefer to utilize a wedge interference filter to produce a line of light extending across the width of the filter at a position along its length, which position is a function of the wavelength. The position of the line of light is encoded by a binary code mask to digitally indicate the light wavelength. Indicator lamps are activated in accordance with the digital indication and are rendered responsive to the light from the code mask in response to a high sensitivity detector. The system broadly includes apparatus for measuring a light signal in which a plurality of signal transmission paths whose transfer functions are different functions of light wavelength effect transmission of the light signal to a unique combination of the output channels responsive to a specific input wavelength.
摘要翻译： 将要测量其波长的光应用于利用光处理装置的装置，其用于以由其波长确定的方式将光透射到检测器阵列。 因此，检测器阵列的编码输出可以立即指示入射光的波长。 我更喜欢使用楔形干涉滤光器来产生沿着其长度的位置延伸过滤器宽度的一条光线，该位置是波长的函数。 光线的位置由二进制码掩码编码，以数字表示光波长。 指示灯根据数字指示被激活，并且响应于高灵敏度检测器响应于来自代码掩码的光而被响应。 该系统广泛地包括用于测量光信号的装置，其中传输函数是光波长的不同功能的多个信号传输路径响应于特定输入波长影响光信号的传输到输出通道的唯一组合。
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公开(公告)号：US3897157A
公开(公告)日：1975-07-29
申请号：US45991274
申请日：1974-04-11
申请人： ENERTRON CORP
发明人： MCLAUGHLIN MANO , WOHLERT ANDREW M
摘要： A fish lure selector including a plurality of matched color filters and associated photocells encased in a waterproof housing and connected by a cable to a control circuit for providing a visual indication of the relative intensities of different colors of light below the surface of a body of water.
摘要翻译： 一种鱼诱饵选择器，其包括多个匹配的滤色器和相关联的光电池，其被封装在防水壳体中并且通过电缆连接到控制电路，以提供在水体表面下方的不同颜色的光的相对强度的视觉指示 。
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