公开(公告)号：US20160060549A1

公开(公告)日：2016-03-03

申请号：US14799801

申请日：2015-07-15

Applicant: INSTITUTO MEXICANO DEL PETROLEO

Inventor： Jorge ANCHEYTA JUAREZ ,  Luis Carlos CASTANEDA LOPEZ ,  Jose Antonio D. MUNOZ MOYA ,  Guillermo CENTENO NOLASCO ,  Gustavo Jesus MARROQUIN SANCHEZ ,  Sergio RAMIREZ AMADOR ,  Fernando ALONSO MARTINEZ

IPC: C10G67/00 ,  C10G65/00

CPC classification number: C10G67/00 ,  C10G5/06 ,  C10G7/02 ,  C10G45/04 ,  C10G45/06 ,  C10G45/08 ,  C10G45/10 ,  C10G45/60 ,  C10G45/62 ,  C10G45/64 ,  C10G47/04 ,  C10G47/06 ,  C10G65/00 ,  C10G2300/1033 ,  C10G2300/202 ,  C10G2300/302

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the partial upgrading of properties of heavy and/or extra-heavy crude oil by low severity catalytic hydrotreatment in only one reaction step. The process of the present invention is obtained upgraded oil with properties required for its transportation from offshore platforms either to maritime terminal or to refining centers. The process reduces the viscosity of heavy and/or extra-heavy crude oil, and decreases the concentration of impurities, such as sulfur, nitrogen, and metals, in such a way that heavy and/or extra-heavy crude oils can be transported to maritime terminals or to refining centers. The process increases the lifetime of the catalyst and decreased operating costs by reducing consumption of utilities because the operation of the process is carried out at lower severity. The partially upgraded oils obtained in this process can be transported directly to the maritime terminals or to existing refineries.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及在仅一个反应步骤中通过低严重性催化加氢处理部分改质重质和/或超重原油的性质的方法。 本发明的方法是获得从海上平台运输到海运码头或炼油中心所需的特性所需的升级油。 该方法降低了重质和/或超重原油的粘度，并降低了杂质（如硫，氮和金属）的浓度，使得重质和/或超重原油可以运输到 海运码头或炼油中心。 该过程通过降低工具的消耗来增加催化剂的寿命并降低运行成本，因为该方法的运行在较低的严重性下进行。 在该过程中获得的部分升级的油可以直接运输到海运码头或现有的炼油厂。

公开(公告)号：US20170282163A1

公开(公告)日：2017-10-05

申请号：US15474795

申请日：2017-03-30

Applicant: INSTITUTO MEXICANO DEL PETROLEO

Inventor： Federico Jesus JIMENEZ CRUZ ,  Celia MARIN ROSAS ,  Luis Carlos CASTANEDA LOPEZ ,  Rogelio HERNANDEZ SUAREZ ,  Javier Esteban RODRIGUEZ RODRIGUEZ ,  Maria del Carmen MARTINEZ GUERRERO ,  Florentino Rafael MURRIETA GUEVARA ,  Alicia del Rayo JARAMILLO JACOB

IPC: B01J27/18 ,  B01J21/18 ,  B01J35/00 ,  B01J35/04 ,  C11C3/04 ,  B01J37/03 ,  B01J37/04 ,  B01J37/00 ,  B01J37/08 ,  B01J27/055 ,  B01J35/10

CPC classification number: B01J27/1806 ,  B01J21/18 ,  B01J23/007 ,  B01J27/055 ,  B01J27/1808 ,  B01J27/1811 ,  B01J35/0006 ,  B01J35/04 ,  B01J35/1014 ,  B01J35/1019 ,  B01J35/1038 ,  B01J35/1061 ,  B01J37/0018 ,  B01J37/033 ,  B01J37/036 ,  B01J37/04 ,  B01J37/08 ,  B01J37/086 ,  B01J2523/00 ,  C01B25/45 ,  C01F7/043 ,  C01F7/76 ,  C01P2004/60 ,  C01P2006/11 ,  C01P2006/12 ,  C01P2006/14 ,  C01P2006/16 ,  C11C3/04 ,  C11C3/10 ,  Y02E50/13 ,  B01J2523/11 ,  B01J2523/22 ,  B01J2523/31 ,  B01J2523/51 ,  B01J2523/47 ,  B01J2523/62

Abstract: The present invention relates to heterogeneous acid catalysts comprising or consisting of mixed metal salts, of lithium and aluminum phosphates and sulfates, and combinations with metallic cations, such as magnesium, titanium, zinc, zirconium and gallium, to provide adequate Lewis acidity; organic or inorganic porosity promoters, such as polysaccharides; and agglomerates, such as clays, kaolin and metal oxides of the type MxOy, where; M=Al, Mg, Sr, Zr or Ti, and other metals of groups IA, IIA and IVB, x=1 or 2 and y=2 or 3, for the formation of particles. A process is disclosed for obtaining from the catalyst by the hydrolysis of aluminum lithium hydride with water and oxygenated solvent, such as an ether. The catalysts are used in batch reactor and continuous flow systems in reactions that require moderate Lewis acidity, such as refining, petrochemical and general chemistry, including the transesterification of glycerides to produce alkyl esters.

公开(公告)号：US20170283723A1

公开(公告)日：2017-10-05

申请号：US15474837

申请日：2017-03-30

Applicant: INSTITUTO MEXICANO DEL PETROLEO

Inventor： Federico Jesus JIMENEZ CRUZ ,  Celia MARIN ROSAS ,  Luis Carlos CASTANEDA LOPEZ ,  Rogelio HERNANDEZ SUAREZ ,  Javier Esteban RODRIGUEZ RODRIGUEZ ,  Maria del Carmen MARTINEZ GUERRERO ,  Florentino Rafael MURRIETA GUEVARA ,  Alicia del Rayo JARAMILLO JACOB

IPC: C10L1/02 ,  B01J35/10 ,  B01J27/053 ,  B01J27/055 ,  B01J27/16 ,  B01J27/18

CPC classification number: C07C67/02 ,  B01J21/06 ,  B01J21/10 ,  B01J23/00 ,  B01J23/02 ,  B01J23/06 ,  B01J27/053 ,  B01J27/055 ,  B01J27/16 ,  B01J27/1802 ,  B01J27/1806 ,  B01J35/1014 ,  B01J35/1038 ,  B01J35/1061 ,  C10L1/026 ,  C10L2200/0476 ,  C10L2200/0484 ,  C10L2270/026 ,  C11C3/003 ,  C11C3/10 ,  Y02E50/13

Abstract: The present invention relates to the production of biodiesel and alkyl esters by the transesterification of triglyceride esters, with alcohols in heterogeneous phase in the presence of heterogeneous catalysts, with yields higher than 80%, at a temperature from 0 to 300° C., residence time from 20 minutes to 20 h, space velocity of 0.1 to 10 h−1, pressure of 25-100 kg/cm2 (24.5-98.07 bar), methanol/oil molar ratio of 10 to 40 and catalyst concentration of 0.001 to 20 weight % based on tri-, di- or monoglyceride. The method produces biodiesel and alkyl esters by transesterification of tri-, di- or mono-glycerides, from palm, jatropha, castor, soybean and sunflower oils, wherein the alcohoxyls R1O, R2O and R3O of the glycerides are C1 to C24 and a C1-C4 alcohol, such as methanol, in an alcohol:oil ratio from 3:1 to 50:1. The transesterification reaction produces biodiesel while avoiding loss of catalyst, contaminating liquid effluents and eliminating undesirable hydrolysis of triglycerides, diglycerides and monoglycerides into free fatty acids and saponification that generate soaps.