摘要:
A fuel injector, particularly a fuel injector for fuel injection systems in internal combustion engines, has a valve needle, which cooperates with a valve-seat surface to form a sealing seat, and an armature, which engages with the valve needle, the armature being movable along the axis of the valve needle and being damped by a damping element made from an elastomer. In this context, a first intermediate ring is situated between the armature and the damping element. The damping element rests on the flange, which is connected in a force-locking manner to the valve needle. The intermediate ring and/or the flange is furnished with radial and/or axial channels which connect an interior volume located between the valve needle and the damping element to a central cutaway of the fuel injector.
摘要:
Catalyst characterized in that it contains a composition comprising palladium, tin oxide and a carrier oxide and optionally a promoter and a zeolite which is doped with a dopant, processes for producing the same, its use for the removal of harmful substances from lean combustion engines and exhaust airs as well as methods for the removal of harmful substances from exhaust gases from lean combustion engines by using said catalysts by oxidizing carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons and simultaneously removing soot particulate by oxidation.
摘要:
A backrest adjustment device is provided for a vehicle seat or a vehicle bench seat, in particular for a motor vehicle seat or a motor vehicle bench seat, in which a backrest part is connected to a seat part via an adjustment and fixing device, which has a fixing, which is disengaged for the inclination adjustment of the backrest part, the fixing of the adjustment and fixing device being disengaged by an electromechanical actuator.
摘要:
To eliminate radiation from the mercury high-pressure discharge lamp of wlengths below 365 nm, the lamp includes a discharge vessel of quartz glass which is doped with vanadium in a quantity of up to about only 250 ppm, by weight, with respect to 1 mm of wall thickness of the quartz glass. This absorbed radiation also heats the quartz glass, so that the outside wall temperature of the vessel can be maintained between about 400.degree. and 950.degree. C. The effect can be enhanced by adding, additionally, titanium and/or tin to provide metal ions to the doping substance, in an overall quantity of up to 500 ppm, by weight. Alternatively, the quartz glass can be coated with TiO.sub.2 or SnO.sub.2. Suitable wall thicknesses for the discharge vessel are between 1 and 5 mm, and the fill therein is preferably mercury in a quantity of between 0.5 and 15 mg/cm.sup.3 and xenon with a cold fill pressure of 0.1 to 2.5 bar. Electrode spacing of the lamp is preferably between 2 and 5 mm. The vanadium portion preferably is less than 200 ppm and may, most desirably, be between 20 and 150 ppm, with respect to 1 mm wall thickness of the quartz glass of the discharge vessel.
摘要:
To improve the arc stability of high-pressure discharge lamps, particularlyf power ratings of up to about only 250 W, the cathode (4) is formed as an elongated, essentially cylindrical base body (8) having a tapering, conical region (9) terminating in a tip (10). The base body (8), only, is covered with a carbide coating along its length, except for an end portion for electrical connection; the carbide coating starts at the junction or transition between the cylindrical base body portion and the conical end portion. This cathode construction is easier and cheaper to make than prior art cathodes, by coating an essentially cylindrical cathode and then etching or grinding and polishing the tapering end region (9). The electrode is preferably made essentially of tungsten, doped with thorium oxide present up to about 0.6%, optionally also potassium, aluminum and silicon in tiny amounts. The electrode spacing is between 0.4 to 0.8 mm, and when used as a mercury high-pressure discharge lamp, filled with 70 to 130 mg per cubic centimeter mercury; when used as a xenon lamp, the xenon fill is preferably present at a cold fill pressure of between about 2 and 15 bar.
摘要:
To essentially eliminate short ultraviolet (UV) radiation from a mercury high-pressure short-arc discharge lamp, that is, wavelengths below the radiation band of 365 nm, the lamp includes a discharge vessel of quartz glass which is coated with a selectively reflective outer coating (2a) and, at the inside, with a selectively absorbing inner coating (2b). The outer coating (2a) is formed by a multi-layer interference reflection filter which preferentially reflects wavelengths between about 240 and 300 nm with a filter cut-off, corresponding to 50% transmission, in the wavelength region between about 290 and 330 nm. The inner coating (2b) is a titanium dioxide coating which, preferentially, absorbs radiation below about 250 nm, with a 50% transmission at about 240 nm. In accordance with a preferred feature of the invention, a radiation absorbing titanium dioxide/silicon dioxide mixed-layer coating (2c) is applied at the outside over the multi-layer interference reflection filter (2a). The outer absorbing coating preferentially absorbs radiation below about 280 nm. Preferably, the multi-layer interference reflection filter is formed by at least 8 alternating ZrO.sub.2 and SiO.sub.2 individual layers; all the coating layers preferably have thicknesses between about 30 and 50 nm.