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    Production and secretion of glucose in photosynthetic prokaryotes (cyanobacteria)
    1.
    发明授权
    Production and secretion of glucose in photosynthetic prokaryotes (cyanobacteria) 有权
    光合原核生物（蓝细菌）中葡萄糖的产生和分泌

    公开(公告)号：US07803601B2

    公开(公告)日：2010-09-28

    申请号：US11866872

    申请日：2007-10-03

    申请人： David R. Nobles, Jr. ,  R. Malcolm Brown, Jr.

    发明人： David R. Nobles, Jr. ,  R. Malcolm Brown, Jr.

    IPC分类号： C12N1/20 ,  C12N1/12 ,  C12N15/00 ,  C12N9/10 ,  C12P19/04 ,  C12P19/02 ,  C12Q1/68

    CPC分类号： C12P7/10 ,  C12P19/02 ,  C12P19/04 ,  Y02E50/16 ,  Y02E50/17

    摘要： The present invention includes compositions and methods for making and using an isolated cyanobacterium that includes a portion of an exogenous bacterial cellulose operon sufficient to express bacterial cellulose, whereby the cyanobacterium produces extracellular glucose. The compositions and methods of the present invention may be used as a new global crop for the manufacture of cellulose, CO2 fixation, for the production of alternative sources of conventional cellulose as well as a biofuel and precursors thereof.

    摘要翻译： 本发明包括用于制备和使用分离的蓝细菌的组合物和方法，其包括足以表达细菌纤维素的外源性细菌纤维素操纵子的一部分，由此所述蓝细菌产生细胞外葡萄糖。 本发明的组合物和方法可以用作新的全球作物，用于制造纤维素，固定CO2，用于生产常规纤维素的替代来源以及生物燃料及其前体。

    Modification of cellulose normally synthesizied by cellulose-producing microorganisms
    3.
    发明授权
    Modification of cellulose normally synthesizied by cellulose-producing microorganisms 失效
    纤维素生产微生物通常合成的纤维素的改性

    公开(公告)号：US4950597A

    公开(公告)日：1990-08-21

    申请号：US198784

    申请日：1988-05-25

    申请人： Inder M. Saxena ,  Eric M. Roberts ,  R. Malcolm Brown, Jr.

    发明人： Inder M. Saxena ,  Eric M. Roberts ,  R. Malcolm Brown, Jr.

    IPC分类号： C12P19/04

    CPC分类号： C12R1/02 ,  C12P19/04 ,  Y10S435/822 ,  Y10S435/823

    摘要： The present invention involves a process for screening for and isolating spontaneously occurring or induced cellulose II-producing microorganisms. The process comprises a series of steps in various embodiments. Initially, cellulose-producing microorganisms from a first culture are plated out on a nutrient agar plate. The nutrient agar plate is then incubated to facilitate formation of colonies from single microorganisms. Samples of liquid nutrient medium are then inoculated with microorganisms from colonies having a smooth configuration, as compared to the usual rough colony configuration. The inoculated samples are then aerobically incubated to facilitate microorganism proliferation and pellicle formation. From these incubated samples are selected microorganisms, which, after a cultivation period, have proliferated but not formed a pellicle. Said selected microorganisms produce cellulose II instead of the cellulose I produced by pellicle-forming organisms.

    摘要翻译： 本发明涉及用于筛选和分离自发产生或诱导的产生纤维素II的微生物的方法。 该方法包括各种实施方案中的一系列步骤。 最初，将来自第一培养物的产生纤维素的微生物铺在营养琼脂平板上。 然后培养营养琼脂平板以促进从单一微生物形成菌落。 与通常的粗殖群配置相比，液体营养培养基的样品接种具有平滑构型的菌落的微生物。 然后将接种的样品有氧培养以促进微生物增殖和防护薄膜组织。 从这些孵育的样品中选出微生物，其在培养期后已增殖但未形成防护薄膜。 所述选择的微生物产生纤维素II，而不是由防护薄膜组织生物体产生的纤维素I。

    High resolution replicas
    6.
    发明授权
    High resolution replicas 失效
    高分辨率副本

    公开(公告)号：US4967825A

    公开(公告)日：1990-11-06

    申请号：US216762

    申请日：1988-07-08

    申请人： R. Malcolm Brown, Jr. ,  Shun Mizuta

    发明人： R. Malcolm Brown, Jr. ,  Shun Mizuta

    IPC分类号： B22D23/00

    CPC分类号： B82Y30/00 ,  B22D23/00 ,  Y10S977/881 ,  Y10S977/89 ,  Y10S977/902

    摘要： Disclosed are improved methods for preparing high resolution replicas for electron microscopic analysis. Replicas are prepared having a resolution capability less than ten angstroms, with structures of even less than five angstroms being readily discernible. Particular aspects of the invention concern the use of a platinum/carbon evaporant to prepare extremely thin replica surfaces which allow the visualization of structures heretofore unresolvable. The replication is performed at high vacuum, on the order of 10.sup.-5 Torr or better, with continuous rotation of the sample to allow for an even distribution of the evaporant. The resultant replica surfaces are on the order of no more than 5 to 10 angstroms thick. The replica technology disclosed herein is applicable to both biological as well as non-biological samples, including tissues, biochemicals, metals and polymers and even computer chips and superconductor surfaces.

    摘要翻译： 公开了用于制备用于电子显微镜分析的高分辨率复制品的改进方法。 准备了具有小于10埃的分辨能力的复制品，其结构甚至小于5埃是易于识别的。 本发明的特定方面涉及使用铂/碳蒸发器来制备极薄的复制表面，其允许可视化迄今为止尚未解决的结构。 复制在高真空下进行，大约为10 -5 Torr或更好，样品连续旋转以允许蒸发剂的均匀分布。 所得复制表面的厚度不超过5至10埃。 本文公开的复制技术适用于生物和非生物样品，包括组织，生物化学物质，金属和聚合物，甚至计算机芯片和超导体表面。

    Multiribbon microbial cellulose
    8.
    发明授权
    Multiribbon microbial cellulose 失效
    多纤维微生物纤维素

    公开(公告)号：US4954439A

    公开(公告)日：1990-09-04

    申请号：US23336

    申请日：1987-03-09

    申请人： R. Malcolm Brown, Jr. ,  Fong C. Lin

    发明人： R. Malcolm Brown, Jr. ,  Fong C. Lin

    IPC分类号： C12N1/20 ,  C12P19/04 ,  C12Q1/02 ,  C12R1/01 ,  C12R1/02 ,  C12R1/05 ,  C12R1/38 ,  C12R1/41

    CPC分类号： C12P19/04 ,  Y10S435/823 ,  Y10S435/829 ,  Y10S435/878

    摘要： The present invention comprises a biologically pure culture of a cellulose-producing microorganism, preferably a prokaryote. This cellulose-producing microorganism is capable, during fermentation in an aqueous nutrient medium containing assimilable sources of carbon, nitrogen and inorganic substances, of reversal of direction of cellulose ribbon extrusion. This reversal of direction of cellulose ribbon extrusion results on the cellulose-producing microorganism shuttling, at least periodically, first in one direction and then in the other direction along a length of an earlier-deposited cellulose ribbon to add another cellulose ribbon thereto and produce a cellulose ribbon-bundle having a width of at least two cellulose ribbons.The cellulose-producing microorganism of the present invention may be of the genus Acetobacter, Agrobacterium, Rhizobium, Pseudomonas or Alcaligenes, preferably of the genus Acetobacter and more preferably of the species Acetobacter xylinum or Acetobacter pasteurianus. Among preferred Acetobacter xylinum strains are strain N05, H1A; H1B; H1C; H2A; H2B; H5C; H5D; H6C; H8C; H8G; H14B; H15A; and H15B. Acetobacter xylinum strain N05, the most preferred strain, has identifying characterisitcs of ATCC 53582 on deposit with the American Type Culture Collection, Rockville, MD.

    Microbial cellulose modified during synthesis
    9.
    发明授权
    Microbial cellulose modified during synthesis 失效
    合成过程中微生物纤维素修饰

    公开(公告)号：US4942128A

    公开(公告)日：1990-07-17

    申请号：US22904

    申请日：1987-03-06

    申请人： R. Malcolm Brown, Jr.

    发明人： R. Malcolm Brown, Jr.

    IPC分类号： C08H99/00 ,  C08L1/02 ,  C12P19/04 ,  C12R1/02

    CPC分类号： C08L1/02 ,  C12P19/04 ,  Y10S435/823

    摘要： The present invention involves a method of producing cellulose. This method comprises inoculating a quantity of nutrient medium comprising a polysaccharide derivative such as carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) with a cellulose-producing microorganism. The inoculated medium is then aerobically incubated to facilitate the production of cellulose. The step of substantially drying the cellulose may be added for certain products. Substantially dried cellulose resulting from this procedure is highly absorbent, tending to retain its absorbent properties during repeated wetting and drying, and is usable where such absorbency is desired.A subject of the present invention is a composition of matter consisting essentially of such cellulose in a native or substantially dried form. Microbial cellulose produced in the presence of carboxymethyl cellulose may be substantially dried by many means known to those skilled in the art. This drying may be, for example, by washing with a non-aqueous hydrophilic solvent or by air-drying. Preferred non-aqueous solvents include alkyl alcohols or ketones having less than about six carbon atoms. When such non-aqueous solvents are used to dry the CMC-produced cellulose, the dried cellulose may have a resilient structure and possibly an elastic nature.

    摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种生产纤维素的方法。 该方法包括将一定量的包含多糖衍生物如羧甲基纤维素（CMC）的营养培养基与产生纤维素的微生物接种。 然后将接种的培养基进行有氧培养以促进纤维素的生产。 可以为某些产品添加基本干燥纤维素的步骤。 由该方法得到的基本干燥的纤维素是高吸收性的，在反复润湿和干燥期间倾向于保持其吸收性能，并且在需要这种吸收性的情况下可使用。 本发明的主题是基本上由天然或基本干燥形式的这种纤维素组成的物质组合物。 在羧甲基纤维素存在下生产的微生物纤维素可以通过本领域技术人员已知的许多方法基本干燥。 这种干燥可以是例如通过用非水亲水性溶剂洗涤或通过空气干燥。 优选的非水溶剂包括具有小于约6个碳原子的烷基醇或酮。 当使用这种非水溶剂干燥CMC-生产的纤维素时，干燥的纤维素可具有弹性结构并且可能具有弹性。