摘要:
A specially defined amount of hydrogen peroxide is used as a polymerization catalyzer; a specially defined amount and a specially defined kind of a polyvalent metal ion is used; and a specially defined amount of an alkaline substance is used, in order to polymerize a monomer component consisting essentially of only maleic acid, or a monomer component composed of maleic acid and another water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer, in a specially defined proportion in water, whereby a maleic acid polymer salt, preferably a copolymer salt, of improved biodegradability is produced. The maleic acid polymer salt obtained is superior in biodegradability, has a low residual monomer content, and is useful as a detergent builder and as a scale inhibitor, etc.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a process for producing an acid-type polymaleic acid and acid-type maleic acid copolymer and also to the usage of the acid-type polymaleic acid and acid-type maleic acid copolymer produced by this process.According to the process of the present invention, the acid-type polymaleic acid and acid-type maleic acid copolymer, which are superior as a water-treating agent and detergent additive, are produced by polymerization of acid-type monomers in an aqueous solution. The process is simple and yields a polymer having a low molecular weight and a narrow molecular-weight distribution. The process permits one to economically produce the acid-type polymaleic acid and acid-type maleic acid copolymer which has good quality and outstanding performance as a water-treating agent etc. Thus the invention is a great boon to the industrial field of water treatment.
摘要:
This invention provides a drilling fluid containing additives composed of copolymers which are obtainable by an industrially favorable process and superior in heat-resisting property. Even though the additives are used in a relatively small amount, such an amount sufficiently prevents changes in the properties of drilling fluid due to various kinds of hard water components being contained in underground water or cement as well as due to sea water, and the additives are able to display the properties of drilling fluid constantly regardless of presence or absence of salts.Drilling fluid additives of the present invention are composed of a water-soluble copolymer (A) having an average molecular weight of 1,000-50,000. The water soluble copolymer (A) is composed of 40-99.5 mole percent of an unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer (I), as shown in the following general formula (I), and 0.5-60 mole percent of an unsaturated (meth)allylether monomer (II), as shown in the general formula (II). ##STR1## In the formula (I), each of A.sup.1 and A.sup.2 independently represents hydrogen, methyl, or --COOX.sup.2 and A.sup.1 and A.sup.2 are not COOX.sup.2 at the same time. A.sup.3 represents hydrogen, methyl, or --CH.sub.2 COOX.sup.3 and, in a case that A.sup.3 is --CH.sub.2 COOX.sup.3, each of A.sup.1 and A.sup.2 independently represents hydrogen or methyl. Each of X.sup.1, X.sup.2, and X.sup.3 independently or at the same time represents hydrogen, monovalent metal, divalent metal, ammonium, or organic amine.In the formula (II), R.sup.1 represents hydrogen or methyl, and Z represents hydroxyl; a sulfonic acid group or its monovalent metal salt, divalent metal salt, ammonium salt, and organic amine salt; a phosphoric (or phosphorous) acid group or its monovalent metal salt, divalent metal salt, ammonium salt, and organic amine salt.
摘要:
A method for the production of a hydrophilic polymer having a small residual monomer content from a hydrated gel polymer, which method comprises drying said hydrated gel polymer by contact thereof with a gas containing at least steam and having a dew point in the range of 50.degree. to 100.degree. C. at a temperature in the range of 80.degree. C. to 250.degree. C., and a hydrophilic polymer obtained therefrom.
摘要:
A hydrophilic polymer having the water absorption capacity thereof 1 to 30 times to its own weight by a process of manufacture which comprises preparing a monomer component comprising (a) 2 to 25 mol % of a hydroxyl group-containing alpha,beta-ethylenically unsaturated monomer, (b) 5 to 30 mol % of a carboxyl group-containing alpha,beta-ethylenically unsaturated monomer, and (c) 93 to 45 mol % of a carboxylate group-containing alpha,beta-ethylenically unsaturated monomer, providing that the total of (b) and (c) is in the range of 98 to 75 mol %, radically polymerizing said monomer component, and heat-treating the resultant polymer thereby causing the hydroxyl group and carboxyl group possessed by the polymer to react with each other and form a crosslinked structure, a method for the production thereof, and uses found therefor including a cation sequestrating resin, a coolant and a coating material.
摘要:
Continuous agglomeration of an absorbent resin powder is accomplished by a method which comprises introducing the absorbent resin powder into a cylindrical member having an open lower end by means of a current of air through a dispersing member disposed in the upper part of the cylindrical member and, at the same time, spraying minute droplets of an aqueous liquid downwardly through a nozzle disposed inside the dispersing member thereby establishing mutual parallel flow contact between the absorbent resin powder descending toward the lower part of the cylindrical member as dispersed with the current of air and the liquid droplets descending toward the lower part of the cylindrical member as diffused in the radial direction, and removing the produced agglomerate having a plurality of particles of the absorbent resin powder cohesively united through the medium of the liquid droplets via the lower part of the cylindrical member. An apparatus for working the method is also disclosed.
摘要:
A method for the production of a salt-resistant absorbent resin, which comprises subjecting an aqueous solution of at least one monomer component (A) selected from the group consisting of unsaturated carboxylic acids and salts thereof to aqueous solution polymerization in the presence of from 1 to 30 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of said monomer component (A), of an absorbent resin (B).
摘要:
A method for the production of an acrylate by the neutralization reaction of acrylic acid and a basic substance, comprising sequentially (A) a step of supplying acrylic acid and said basic substance to water thereby subjecting them to a neutralization reaction while constantly retaining the neutralization ratio of acrylic acid within the neutralization reaction system in the range of 75 to 100 mol %, (B) a step of adjusting the neutralization ratio of acrylic acid within said neutralization reaction system in the range of 100.1 to 110 mol % by supplying said basic substance to said neutralization reaction system, (C) a step of retaining the neutralization ratio of acrylic acid within said neutralization reaction system in the range of 100.1 to 110 mol % for a period in the range of 1 to 120 minutes thereby allowing the neutralization reaction product to age, and (D) a step of adjusting the neutralization ratio of acrylic acid within said neutralization reaction system in the range of 20 to 100 mol % by supplying acrylic acid to said neutralization reaction system, and a method for the production of an acrylate-containing polymer using the acrylate.
摘要:
An absorbent resin is produced by a method which comprises adding to 100 parts by weight of an absorbent resin powder an aqueous liquid containing 7 to 100 parts by weight of water and a reducing substance in the presence of 0.01 to 5 parts by weight of at least one additive selected from the group consisting of water-insoluble fine powders and surfactants. The absorbent resin thus produced excels in absorption properties and exhibits a low residual monomer content.
摘要:
A method for the production of an acrylate by the neutralization reaction of acrylic acid and a basic substance, comprising sequentially (A) a step of supplying acrylic acid and said basic substance to water thereby subjecting them to a neutralization reaction while constantly retaining the neutralization ratio of acrylic acid within the neutralization reaction system in the range of 75 to 100 mol %, (B) a step of adjusting the neutralization ratio of acrylic acid within said neutralization reaction system in the range of 100.1 to 110 mol % by supplying said basic substance to said neutralization reaction system, (C) a step of retaining the neutralization ratio of acrylic acid within said neutralization reaction system in the range of 100.1 to 110 mol % for a period in the range of 1 to 120 minutes thereby allowing the neutralization reaction product to age, and (D) a step of adjusting the neutralization ratio of acrylic acid within said neutralization reaction system in the range of 20 to 100 mol % by supplying acrylic acid to said neutralization reaction system, and a method for the production of an acrylate-containing polymer using the acrylate.