摘要:
A nanoscale switching device is constructed such that an electroforming process is not needed to condition the device for normal switching operations. The switching device has an active region disposed between two electrodes. The active region has at least one switching layer formed of a switching material capable of transporting dopants under an electric field, and at least one conductive layer formed of a dopant source material containing dopants that can drift into the switching layer under an electric field. The switching layer has a thickness about 6 nm or less.
摘要:
An apparatus and related methods for modulating an electromagnetic radiation beam are described. A composite material is positioned in the path of the radiation beam, the composite material comprising a plurality of commonly oriented metallic first lines spaced apart by less than a wavelength of the radiation beam and a plurality of commonly oriented metallic second lines also spaced apart by less than that wavelength. The second lines are positioned in a crossing arrangement with the first lines, a crosspoint location being defined where each first line crosses each second line. An electrically programmable impedance memory element is positioned at each crosspoint location and is electrically coupled between the first and second lines corresponding to that crosspoint location, each impedance memory element having an electrically programmed state. The composite material modulates the radiation beam according to the electrically programmed states of the impedance memory elements.
摘要:
An optoelectronic memory cell has a transparent top electrode, a photoactive layer, a latching layer, and a bottom electrode. The photoactive layer absorbs photons transmitted through the top electrode and generates charge carriers. During light exposure, the latching layer changes its resistance under an applied electric field in response to the generation of charge carriers in the photoactive layer.
摘要:
A nanoscale switching device is constructed such that an electroforming process is not needed to condition the device for normal switching operations. The switching device has an active region disposed between two electrodes. The active region has at least one switching layer formed of a switching material capable of transporting dopants under an electric field, and at least one conductive layer formed of a dopant source material containing dopants that can drift into the switching layer under an electric field. The switching layer has a thickness about 6 nm or less.
摘要:
An optoelectronic memory cell has a transparent top electrode, a photoactive layer, a latching layer, and a bottom electrode. The photoactive layer absorbs photons transmitted through the top electrode and generates charge carriers. During light exposure, the latching layer changes its resistance under an applied electric field in response to the generation of charge carriers in the photoactive layer.
摘要:
An apparatus and related methods for modulating an electromagnetic radiation beam are described. A composite material is positioned in the path of the radiation beam, the composite material comprising a plurality of commonly oriented metallic first lines spaced apart by less than a wavelength of the radiation beam and a plurality of commonly oriented metallic second lines also spaced apart by less than that wavelength. The second lines are positioned in a crossing arrangement with the first lines, a crosspoint location being defined where each first line crosses each second line. An electrically programmable impedance memory element is positioned at each crosspoint location and is electrically coupled between the first and second lines corresponding to that crosspoint location, each impedance memory element having an electrically programmed state. The composite material modulates the radiation beam according to the electrically programmed states of the impedance memory elements.
摘要:
One embodiment of the present invention relates to a light-emitting diode having one or more light-emitting layers, a pair of electrodes disposed on the light-emitting diode so that an operating voltage can be applied to generate light from the one or more light-emitting layers, and at least one external electrode in electronic communication with the one or more light-emitting layers. Applying an appropriate voltage to the at least one external electrodes at about the time the operating voltage is terminated extracts excess electrons from the one or more light-emitting layers and reduces the duration of electron-hole recombination during the time period over which the operating voltage is turned off.
摘要:
A composite material exhibiting at least one of a negative effective permittivity and a negative effective permeability for incident radiation at an operating wavelength is described. The composite material comprises a dielectric layer generally parallel to a dielectric layer plane, and further comprises a first plurality of nanowire pairs disposed in the dielectric layer. Each of the first plurality of nanowire pairs comprises substantially parallel conductive nanowires of short length and separation relative to the operating wavelength. Each of the first plurality of nanowire pairs is substantially coplanar with a first plane substantially parallel to the dielectric layer plane.
摘要:
A composite material for providing at least one of a negative effective permeability and a negative effective permittivity for incident radiation of at least one wavelength is described. The composite material comprises a plurality of three-dimensional resonant cells disposed across a first substrate. Each three-dimensional resonant cell comprises a base substantially parallel to the substrate and at least three sidewalls upwardly extending therefrom. Each upwardly extending sidewall comprising a sidewall substrate having at least one conductor patterned thereon. Each upwardly extending sidewall is fabricated by forming the sidewall substrate as a substantially horizontal layer above the first substrate, lithographically patterning the sidewall substrate with the at least one conductor while horizontally disposed above the first substrate, and tilting up the sidewall substrate to the upwardly extending position.
摘要:
A SERS-active structure is disclosed that includes a substrate and at least two nanowires disposed on the substrate. Each of the at least two nanowires has a first end and a second end, the first end being attached to the substrate and the second end having a SERS-active tip. A SERS system is also disclosed that includes a SERS-active structure. Also disclosed are methods for forming a SERS-active structure and methods for performing SERS with SERS-active structures.