摘要:
Articles including a multi-layer electrical contact and methods for applying the contact to a substrate are described herein. The article may include a substrate on which the multi-layer electrical contact is formed. In some embodiments, the electrical contact includes multiple metallic layers.
摘要:
Electrodeposition bath compositions, additives, and maintenance methods are described. In one embodiment, an electrodeposition bath includes at least a first metal ionic species that reacts with a second metal ionic species to maintain either the first and/or second metal ionic species in a desired oxidation state for electrodeposition.
摘要:
Metal surface pretreatments using ionic liquids prior to electroplating are disclosed. The surface treatments include forming an activated metal substrate surface by removing any naturally formed metal oxide layers formed on the surfaces of the metal substrates. According to some embodiments, the surface treatments include exposing the metal substrate to a non-aqueous ionic liquid. In some embodiments, an electrical current is applied to the metal substrate to assist removal of the metal oxide layer. The electrical current can be a pulsed anodic current. After activating the surface, a metal layer can be deposited on the activated surface. In some embodiments, the metal layer is electrodeposited in the same ionic liquid used to form the activated surface. The resultant metal coating is resistant to scratching and peeling.
摘要:
Platinum-based alloys comprising a second element are generally described. In some embodiments, the platinum-based alloy may comprise a third element.
摘要:
Electrodeposition bath compositions, additives, and maintenance methods are described. In one embodiment, an electrodeposition bath includes at least a first metal ionic species that reacts with a second metal ionic species to maintain either the first and/or second metal ionic species in a desired oxidation state for electrodeposition.
摘要:
Leveling additives, their use in electrodeposition, and regeneration are described. In one embodiment, an electrodeposition bath may include a non-aqueous liquid and an optionally substituted aromatic hydrocarbon. The optionally substituted aromatic hydrocarbon may be protonated.
摘要:
Metal surface pretreatments using ionic liquids prior to electroplating are disclosed. The surface treatments include forming an activated metal substrate surface by removing any naturally formed metal oxide layers formed on the surfaces of the metal substrates. According to some embodiments, the surface treatments include exposing the metal substrate to a non-aqueous ionic liquid. In some embodiments, an electrical current is applied to the metal substrate to assist removal of the metal oxide layer. The electrical current can be a pulsed anodic current. After activating the surface, a metal layer can be deposited on the activated surface. In some embodiments, the metal layer is electrodeposited in the same ionic liquid used to form the activated surface. The resultant metal coating is resistant to scratching and peeling.