Abstract:
The content of a few pages of the dynamic random access memory is backed up, then one tries to refresh them less quickly, for example two times less quickly, and one observes whether this does or does not cause errors. The operation is repeated on the entire memory. Depending on the number of errors that have appeared on the pages refreshed less often, the refresh period is decreased or increased. Thus, the memory self-adjusts its refresh period to what is necessary for it.
Abstract:
A method of repairing a defect in an integrated electronic circuit caused by an incorrect lithographic mask includes the formation of an electrical isolation between two conducting parts of the circuit. The electrical isolation is obtained by at least partly filling, with an electrically insulating material, a volume hollowed out beforehand which would otherwise, and incorrectly, form an electrical connection between the two conducting parts. To do this, a mask having an aperture revealing the hollowed out volume is formed on the circuit, and the mask used to direct the filling of the electrically insulating material and correction of the lithography defined defect.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a method for controlling and for refreshing memory cells in an electrically erasable and programmable memory comprising a memory array organized in sectors, each sector comprising memory cells linked to bit lines and to word lines. The method comprises controlling and refreshing memory cells of pages of the memory array the address of which is indicated by a control and refresh counter comprising data forming tokens usable once. According to the present invention, a control and refresh counter is integrated into each sector of the memory and comprises memory cells linked to the bit lines of the sector. A counter of a sector is erased after reaching a maximum counting value that is chosen so that, when this maximum counting value is reached, memory cells of the counter have undergone a number of electrical stress cycles that is at the most equal to a determined number. Application to Flash memories.
Abstract:
Device for processing digital data and, more particularly, for reading out the maximum or minimum value of data belonging to a set of 2n codes in which a relation of order is established and in which each of said data has a rank R comprised between 0 and 2nnull1. The device includes a conversion circuit for each digital data to be processed, which circuit generates a transform which is a binary number composed of 2nnull1 binary elements Tnullxnull with xnull1 to 2nnull1Tnull2nnull1nullTnull2nnull2null . . . Tnullxnull . . . Tnull2nullTnull1nullin which T(x)null0 when x is strictly higher than R and T(x)null1 when x is lower or equal to R. The result of the conversions is received by circuits that carry out a digital processing thereof.
Abstract translation:更具体地说,用于读出属于其中建立了顺序关系并且其中每个所述数据具有等级R的2 代码的集合的数据的最大值或最小值的装置 介于0和2 -1之间。 该装置包括用于要处理的每个数字数据的转换电路,该电路产生一个二进制数变换,该二进制数由x = 1至2 -1的2 -1个二进制元素T [x]组成 [2 -1] T [2n -2]。 。 。 T [x]。 。 。 当x低于或等于R时,当x严格高于R且T(x)= 1时,T [2] T [1]其中T(x)= 0。转换的结果由携带的电路 进行数字处理。
Abstract:
For indicating on a data medium (9) a sector referenced by a binary word (16) formed of a number M of first bytes each comprising a number L of bits, the method includes steps of etching onto the data medium locally at this sector a succession of M second bytes each corresponding to a first byte, each second byte being equal to a vector of N components, each with a value of null1 or null1, such that Nnull2Lnull1 and such that the scalar product of said vector with any other vector to which another second byte is equal, is at most equal to null1. The data medium (9) is, for example, an optical disk.
Abstract:
A mode-switching transformer selective on a band centered on a first frequency, comprising, between a same common mode input/output terminal and respectively one of two differential mode input/output terminals, a high-pass filter with a cut-off frequency smaller than said first frequency, a band-pass filter with a central frequency greater than said first frequency.
Abstract:
An electronic circuit comprising a first counter clocked by a clock signal provided to have a first period and provided by an oscillator external to the circuit, and comprising a second counter clocked with a second period by an oscillator internal to the circuit, the second counter being reset each time the content of the first counter is a multiple of a first predetermined value, and a means for activating an alert signal when the second counter reaches a second predetermined value such that the product of the second predetermined value by the second period is greater than the product of the first predetermined value by the first period.
Abstract:
A phase-locked loop including an oscillator, controlled by a control signal generated by a comparison circuit comparing a reference frequency and the oscillator frequency and filtered by an integrator low-pass filter; a control and adjustment circuit for, with a predetermined frequency smaller than the reference frequency, taking into account the value of the filtered controlled signal and, if this value is out of a range of predetermined values, adjusting the operating range of the oscillator; and an inhibition circuit for deactivating the comparison circuit for a predetermined duration before taking into account the value of the filtered control signal.
Abstract:
This invention relates to an energy management system in an energy distribution network (DSTR) comprising an energy source (SE1) and a number of energy consumers (K1, K2, K3) distributed in different consumption locations, this system comprising the installation of distributed energy operation means (RXE) and distributed information transmission means (RTI) in each consumption location, and installation of centralised distributed energy management means (CGED) and centralised information transmission means (CTI) in the network (DSTR), transmitting control signals (SC) to the distributed energy operation means (RXE) passing through the distributed information transmission means (RTI).
Abstract:
A routing device is provided for transporting digital data from demodulated digital television signals. The routing device includes a network that routes the digital data to demultiplexers via at least one decoding module. The network includes means for connecting to at least two independent demodulation channels, with each of the demodulation channels producing digital data from a demodulator. The network allows individual routing of the digital data from each of the demodulation channels to the demultiplexers via at least one decoding module. Also provided are a corresponding routing method and a host device that includes such a routing device. Exemplary applications of the routing device and method are a digital television receiver with an image incorporation (picture in picture) function, and a digital television combined with a recording device.