公开(公告)号：US20060069545A1

公开(公告)日：2006-03-30

申请号：US10939005

申请日：2004-09-10

申请人： Qiang Wu ,  Rachel Morton ,  Li Jiang

发明人： Qiang Wu ,  Rachel Morton ,  Li Jiang

IPC分类号： G06F17/20

CPC分类号： G06F17/2705 ,  G06F17/2264

摘要： A method and apparatus are provided that perform text normalization and inverse text normalization using a single grammar. During text normalization, a finite state transducer identifies a second string of symbols from a first string of symbols it receives. During inverse text normalization, the context free transducer identifies the first string of symbols after receiving the second string of symbols.

公开(公告)号：US06950188B2

公开(公告)日：2005-09-27

申请号：US10249602

申请日：2003-04-23

申请人： Qiang Wu ,  Bomy A. Chen

发明人： Qiang Wu ,  Bomy A. Chen

IPC分类号： G03F7/20 ,  G01B11/00 ,  G03F9/00 ,  H01L21/027

CPC分类号： G03F9/7011 ,  G03F9/7088

摘要： A system and method for aligning a wafer in an exposure apparatus includes a holder adapted to hold a wafer (the wafer includes alignment marks), a coarse alignment system, and a fine alignment system having a higher precision than the coarse alignment system. The fine alignment system includes multiple optical detectors. Each of the optical detectors is positioned to detect a corresponding alignment mark on the wafer. An alignment processor is connected to and controls the optical detectors and the holder. The optical detectors are controlled by the alignment processor to simultaneously detect the alignment marks in parallel operations. Further, the alignment processor simultaneously processes signals from the optical detectors in parallel operations.

摘要翻译： 用于在曝光装置中对准晶片的系统和方法包括适于保持晶片（晶片包括对准标记）的保持器，粗对准系统和具有比粗对准系统更高精度的精细对准系统。 精细对准系统包括多个光学检测器。 每个光学检测器被定位成检测晶片上相应的对准标记。 对准处理器连接到并控制光学检测器和保持器。 光学检测器由对准处理器控制，以在并行操作中同时检测对准标记。 此外，对准处理器在并行操作中同时处理来自光学检测器的信号。

公开(公告)号：US06803668B2

公开(公告)日：2004-10-12

申请号：US10303501

申请日：2002-11-22

申请人： Karen L. Holloway ,  Andrew Lu ,  Qiang Wu

发明人： Karen L. Holloway ,  Andrew Lu ,  Qiang Wu

IPC分类号： H01L23544

CPC分类号： H01L23/544 ,  H01L2223/54453 ,  H01L2924/0002 ,  H01L2924/00

摘要： An alignment mark structure for use upon a semiconductor substrate is disclosed. In an exemplary embodiment, the alignment mark structure includes a plurality of segments arranged in an alignment pattern, with each of the plurality of segments being formed from a base pattern created on the substrate. The base pattern includes a plurality of sizes, wherein each of the plurality of sizes of the base pattern is repeated throughout an entire length of each of the plurality of segments.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种在半导体衬底上使用的对准标记结构。 在示例性实施例中，对准标记结构包括以对准图案排列的多个段，多个段中的每一个由在衬底上形成的基本图案形成。 基本图案包括多个尺寸，其中基本图案的多个尺寸中的每一个在多个片段的每一个的整个长度上重复。

公开(公告)号：US06567467B1

公开(公告)日：2003-05-20

申请号：US09399937

申请日：1999-09-21

申请人： Qiang Wu

发明人： Qiang Wu

IPC分类号： H03H730

CPC分类号： H04L25/03057 ,  H04L2025/0349 ,  H04L2025/03617

摘要： A novel receiver having a decision feedback equalizer is disclosed. The decision feedback equalizer is equipped with a feedback section to generate a feedback signal. The feedback section includes a plurality of taps to successively delay a filtered version of an input signal of the decision feedback equalizer. The feedback section further includes a plurality of comparators, correspondingly coupled to the taps, to examine the corresponding delayed versions of the filtered input signal to affect the generation of the feedback signal with the examination results. In one embodiment, the novel receiver is employed in a network interface controller. In yet another embodiment, the novel network interface controller is employed in a computer system.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种具有判决反馈均衡器的新型接收机。 决策反馈均衡器配备有反馈部分以产生反馈信号。 反馈部分包括多个抽头以连续地延迟判决反馈均衡器的输入信号的滤波版本。 反馈部分还包括多个对应地耦合到抽头的比较器，以检查滤波后的输入信号的相应的延迟版本，以便利用检查结果影响反馈信号的产生。 在一个实施例中，新颖的接收机被用在网络接口控制器中。 在又一个实施例中，新颖的网络接口控制器被用在计算机系统中。

公开(公告)号：US06426971B1

公开(公告)日：2002-07-30

申请号：US09394980

申请日：1999-09-13

申请人： Qiang Wu ,  Peter J. Black ,  Nagabhushana T. Sindhushayna

发明人： Qiang Wu ,  Peter J. Black ,  Nagabhushana T. Sindhushayna

IPC分类号： H04B1700

CPC分类号： H04L1/0025 ,  H04B1/1027 ,  H04B17/336 ,  H04B17/373 ,  H04L1/0002 ,  H04L1/002 ,  H04L1/0021 ,  H04L1/20 ,  Y02D50/10

摘要： A system for providing an accurate prediction of a signal-to-interference noise ratio is described. The system includes a first circuit for receiving a signal transmitted across a channel via an external transmitter. A second circuit generates a sequence of estimates of signal-to-interference noise ratio based on the received signal. A third circuit determines a relationship between elements of the sequence of estimates. A fourth circuit employs the relationship to provide a signal-to-interference noise ratio prediction for a subsequently received signal. In the illustrative embodiment, the inventive system further includes a circuit for generating a data rate request message based on the signal-to-noise ratio prediction. A special transmitter transmits the data rate request message to the external transmitter. In the specific embodiment, the relationship between elements of the sequence of estimates is based on an average of the elements of the sequence of estimates. The third circuit includes a bank of filters for computing the average. The bank of filters includes finite impulse response filters. Coefficients of the transfer functions associated with each filter in the bank of filters are tailored for different fading environments. The different fading environments include different Rayleigh fading environments, one environment associated with a rapidly moving system, a second environment associated with a slow moving system, and a third system associated with a system moving at a medium velocity. A selection circuit is connected to each of the filter banks and selects an output from one of the filters in the filter bank. The selected output is associated with a filter having a transfer function most suitable to a current fading environment.

摘要翻译： 描述了一种用于提供信号与干扰噪声比的精确预测的系统。 该系统包括用于经由外部发射器接收经过信道发送的信号的第一电路。 第二电路基于接收到的信号产生信号与干扰噪声比的估计序列。 第三电路确定估计序列的元素之间的关系。 第四电路采用该关系为随后接收的信号提供信号与干扰噪声比预测。 在说明性实施例中，本发明的系统还包括用于基于信噪比预测产生数据速率请求消息的电路。 专用发射机将数据速率请求消息发送到外部发射机。 在具体实施例中，估计序列的元素之间的关系基于估计序列的元素的平均值。 第三电路包括用于计算平均值的一组滤波器。 滤波器组包括有限脉冲响应滤波器。 与滤波器组中的每个滤波器相关联的传递函数的系数针对不同的衰落环境进行调整。 不同的衰落环境包括不同的瑞利衰落环境，与快速移动的系统相关联的一个环境，与慢速移动系统相关联的第二环境，以及与以中等速度移动的系统相关联的第三系统。 选择电路连接到每个滤波器组，并且从滤波器组中的滤波器之一中选择输出。 所选择的输出与具有最适合于当前衰落环境的传递函数的滤波器相关联。

公开(公告)号：US20220395053A1

公开(公告)日：2022-12-15

申请号：US17344986

申请日：2021-06-11

申请人： Qiming Zhou ,  Enhong Zhou ,  Qiang Wu

发明人： Qiming Zhou ,  Enhong Zhou ,  Qiang Wu

IPC分类号： A43B13/12

摘要： Disclosed in the present invention is a breathable sole, the forming mold for producing the breathable sole, as well as a breathable sole production method, comprising a shoe breather is configured inside the outsole of the sole, the shoe breather and the outsole is integrally formed, the shoe breather includes breather upper portion, waterproof breathable film, steel wire mesh and breather lower portion, the waterproof breathable film and steel wire mesh are fixed between the lower end of the breather upper portion and the upper end of the breather lower portion, the waterproof breathable film is located on the upper end of the steel wire mesh, the waterproof breathable film and the steel wire mesh are combined together through high-temperature adhesion.

公开(公告)号：US09301229B2

公开(公告)日：2016-03-29

申请号：US13581325

申请日：2010-10-21

申请人： Na Zhou ,  Qiang Wu ,  Tao Fu

发明人： Na Zhou ,  Qiang Wu ,  Tao Fu

IPC分类号： H04W36/12 ,  H04L29/12 ,  H04W8/04 ,  H04W8/26 ,  H04W60/00 ,  H04W88/16

CPC分类号： H04W36/12 ,  H04L61/103 ,  H04L61/2084 ,  H04W8/04 ,  H04W8/26 ,  H04W60/00 ,  H04W88/16

摘要： A method and system for terminal switching in a wireless communication system are disclosed. A terminal accesses a packet data network through a packet data network gateway, when the terminal switches between gateways, the target gateway to which the terminal switches allocates a new Routing Identifier (RID) to the terminal, and stores a mapping relationship between the Access Identifier (AID) and the new RID of the terminal. The target gateway or the target mobility management entity (MME) of the terminal initiates a registration update request including the new RID of the terminal to the home Identity Location Register (ILR) of the terminal. After receiving the request, the home ILR of the terminal updates the stored AID-RID mapping information of the terminal according to the new RID of the terminal, and initiates a notification for updating the RID of the terminal to the opposite gateway and/or the opposite MME.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于无线通信系统中终端切换的方法和系统。 终端通过分组数据网络网关接入分组数据网络，当终端在网关之间切换时，终端切换到的目标网关向终端分配新的路由标识符（RID），并存储接入标识符 （AID）和终端的新RID。 终端的目标网关或目标移动性管理实体（MME）向终端的归属身份位置寄存器（ILR）发起包括终端的新的RID的注册更新请求。 接收到请求后，终端的家庭ILR根据终端的新的RID更新所存储的终端的AID-RID映射信息，并向终端发起更新终端的RID的通知和/或 对面的MME。

公开(公告)号：US09119026B2

公开(公告)日：2015-08-25

申请号：US12113900

申请日：2008-05-01

申请人： Peter John Black ,  Qiang Wu ,  Roberto Padovani ,  Wanlun Zhao ,  Yeliz Tokgoz ,  Ayman Fawzy Naguib ,  Pranav Dayal ,  Parag Arun Agashe ,  Naga Bhushan ,  Je Woo Kim

发明人： Peter John Black ,  Qiang Wu ,  Roberto Padovani ,  Wanlun Zhao ,  Yeliz Tokgoz ,  Ayman Fawzy Naguib ,  Pranav Dayal ,  Parag Arun Agashe ,  Naga Bhushan ,  Je Woo Kim

IPC分类号： H04J3/14 ,  H04W4/02 ,  H03M1/18 ,  H04L27/26

CPC分类号： H04W4/02 ,  H03M1/185 ,  H04L5/0023 ,  H04L5/0048 ,  H04L27/261 ,  H04L27/2613 ,  H04W16/02 ,  H04W64/00

摘要： Briefly, in accordance with one embodiment, a method of transmitting signals is provided. Signal waveforms are transmitted from at least two respective sectors. The at least two respective sectors are from at least two different sets of a superset of sectors. The transmitted signal waveforms include signal waveforms at least nearly mutually orthogonal at least along a particular signal dimension. An advantage of such an embodiment, for example, is reduced signal interference.

摘要翻译： 简而言之，根据一个实施例，提供一种发送信号的方法。 信号波形从至少两个相应的扇区发送。 所述至少两个相应扇区是来自扇区的超集的至少两组不同的集合。 发送的信号波形包括至少沿着特定信号维度至少几乎相互正交的信号波形。 例如，这样的实施例的优点是减少了信号干扰。

公开(公告)号：US09081149B2

公开(公告)日：2015-07-14

申请号：US13441838

申请日：2012-04-06

申请人： Qiang Wu ,  Yiming Gu

发明人： Qiang Wu ,  Yiming Gu

IPC分类号： G03B27/34 ,  G02B7/32 ,  G02B7/36 ,  G03F7/20

CPC分类号： G02B7/32 ,  G02B7/36 ,  G03F7/2028

摘要： Embodiments relate to a method, optical module and auto-focusing system for wafer edge exposure. The optical module comprises a light source emitting light of a wavelength to expose a photoresist, an exposing optics and a mask with an aperture between the light source and the exposing optics. The light emitted from the light source passes through the mask and then reaches the exposing optics to image the aperture on the wafer edge covered with the photoresist to form a focused light spot. The positions of the light source, the mask and the exposing optics, and the size of the aperture are configured such that the optical axis of the incident light is perpendicular to the wafer surface, and the light spot completely covers the wafer edge in the radial direction of the wafer.

摘要翻译： 实施例涉及用于晶片边缘曝光的方法，光学模块和自动聚焦系统。 光学模块包括发射波长的光以暴露光致抗蚀剂的光源，曝光光学元件和在光源和曝光光学器件之间具有孔的掩模。 从光源发射的光穿过掩模，然后到达曝光光学元件以对被光致抗蚀剂覆盖的晶片边缘上的孔进行成像以形成聚焦的光斑。 光源，掩模和曝光光学元件的位置以及孔的大小被配置为使得入射光的光轴垂直于晶片表面，并且光点完全覆盖晶片边缘的径向 晶圆方向。

公开(公告)号：US20140340676A1

公开(公告)日：2014-11-20

申请号：US14344141

申请日：2011-09-14

申请人： Qiang Wu ,  James Gerard Masters

发明人： Qiang Wu ,  James Gerard Masters

IPC分类号： G01N21/65

CPC分类号： G01N21/65 ,  A61B5/222 ,  A61B5/4266 ,  G01J3/44

摘要： A method to assess perspiration reduction of a composition comprising obtaining an amount of water in stratum corneum in a first area of skin on an individual using confocal Raman spectroscopy, applying a composition to the first area of skin on the individual, having the individual perform an activity to cause the individual to perspire, and obtaining an amount of water in stratum corneum in the first area of skin on the individual after the activity using confocal Raman spectroscopy.

摘要翻译： 一种评估组合物排汗减少的方法，其包括使用共聚焦拉曼光谱法获得个体皮肤第一区域中的角质层中的水量，将组合物施用于个体的皮肤第一区域，其具有个体进行 导致个体出汗的活动，并且在使用共聚焦拉曼光谱法的活动之后，在个体的皮肤的第一区域中获得角质层中的水量。