ENERGY STORAGE DEVICES HAVING CELLS ELECTRICALLY COUPLED IN SERIES AND IN PARALLEL
    92.
    发明申请
    ENERGY STORAGE DEVICES HAVING CELLS ELECTRICALLY COUPLED IN SERIES AND IN PARALLEL 审中-公开
    具有串联并联的电池的能量储存装置

    公开(公告)号:US20100304191A1

    公开(公告)日:2010-12-02

    申请号:US12766225

    申请日:2010-04-23

    Abstract: A stacked energy storage device (ESD) has at least two cell segments arranged in a stack. Each cell segment may have a first electrode unit having a first active material electrode, a second electrode unit having a second active material electrode, and an electrolyte layer between the active material electrodes. The ESD includes at least two sub-stacks, where the elements of each respective sub-stack are electrically coupled in series with other elements of the sub-stack. The sub-stacks may be placed in a single stack, and the sub-stacks may be electrically coupled in parallel, in series, or both, with other sub-stacks to create an ESD with a particular voltage and current capacity. The entire stack may be contained by a single pair of end caps.

    Abstract translation: 堆叠式储能装置(ESD)具有排列成堆叠的至少两个单元区段。 每个单元段可以具有第一电极单元,其具有第一活性物质电极,第二电极单元,具有第二活性物质电极,以及在活性物质电极之间的电解质层。 ESD包括至少两个子堆叠,其中每个相应子堆叠的元件与子堆叠的其他元件电耦合。 子堆叠可以放置在单个堆叠中,并且子堆叠可以与其他子堆叠并联,串联或两者电耦合以产生具有特定电压和电流容量的ESD。 整个堆叠可以由一对端盖包含。

    POWER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM AND ELECTRICAL SWITCHING APPARATUS EMPLOYING A FILTER TRAP CIRCUIT TO PROVIDE ARC FAULT TRIP COORDINATION
    93.
    发明申请
    POWER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM AND ELECTRICAL SWITCHING APPARATUS EMPLOYING A FILTER TRAP CIRCUIT TO PROVIDE ARC FAULT TRIP COORDINATION 有权
    电源分配系统和电气开关设备使用过滤器捕获电路提供ARC故障跳闸协调

    公开(公告)号:US20100149700A1

    公开(公告)日:2010-06-17

    申请号:US12337093

    申请日:2008-12-17

    CPC classification number: H02H1/0015 H02H7/30

    Abstract: An electrical switching apparatus comprises: a first terminal; a second terminal; separable contacts electrically connected between the first terminal and the second terminal; an operating mechanism structured to open and close the separable contacts; and an arc fault trip circuit cooperating with the operating mechanism and structured to trip open the separable contacts responsive to an arc fault condition. An inductor is electrically connected in series between the first terminal and the second terminal. A capacitor includes a first lead electrically connected between the inductor and the second terminal, and a second lead electrically connected to a ground or neutral conductor. The inductor and the capacitor are structured to cooperate with a power circuit impedance downstream of the second terminal to form a filter trap circuit.

    Abstract translation: 一种电气开关装置,包括:第一端子; 第二个终端 电连接在第一端子和第二端子之间的可分离触头; 构造成打开和关闭可分离触点的操作机构; 以及电弧故障跳闸电路,其与所述操作机构协作并被构造为响应于电弧故障状况而跳开所述可分离触点。 电感器串联地电连接在第一端子和第二端子之间。 电容器包括电连接在电感器和第二端子之间的第一引线和电连接到接地或中性导体的第二引线。 电感器和电容器被构造成与第二端子下游的电源电路阻抗配合以形成滤波器陷波电路。

    Detection of moisture in refrigerants
    94.
    发明授权
    Detection of moisture in refrigerants 失效
    检测制冷剂中的水分

    公开(公告)号:US07728978B2

    公开(公告)日:2010-06-01

    申请号:US11873723

    申请日:2007-10-17

    CPC classification number: G01N21/3504 G01N21/031 G01N21/3554 G01N21/39

    Abstract: Moisture can be detected in a refrigerant background such as HFC (Hydrofluorocarbon) HFC-134A and HFC-152A and exampled by HFC-23, HFC-32, HFC-143A, HFC-125, HFC-245FA, HFC-227EA, and the like. The system can include a light source operating at any one of several wavelengths within the water absorption bands at wavelengths such as 1.4, 1.9 and 2.7 μm and a detector that measures the transmitted light intensity through the HFC samples. In one variation, the light source is a tunable diode laser and the moisture level is determined by direct absorption and harmonic spectroscopy. Related techniques, apparatus, systems, and articles are also described.

    Abstract translation: 可以在制冷剂背景下检测水分,例如HFC(HFC),HFC-134A和HFC-152A,并由HFC-23,HFC-32,HFC-143A,HFC-125,HFC-245FA,HFC-227EA和 喜欢。 该系统可以包括在诸如1.4,1.9和2.7μm的波长的范围内在吸水带内的几个波长中的任何一个处操作的光源和测量通过HFC样品的透射光强度的检测器。 在一个变型中,光源是可调谐二极管激光器,并且通过直接吸收和谐波光谱确定水分含量。 还描述了相关技术,装置,系统和制品。

    Background compensation by multiple-peak measurements for absorption spectroscopy-based gas sensing
    95.
    发明授权
    Background compensation by multiple-peak measurements for absorption spectroscopy-based gas sensing 有权
    基于吸收光谱法的气体感测的多峰测量的背景补偿

    公开(公告)号:US07586094B2

    公开(公告)日:2009-09-08

    申请号:US11929525

    申请日:2007-10-30

    Abstract: Concentrations of a target analyte in a gas mixture containing one or more background analytes having potentially interfering spectral absorption features can be calculated by compensating for background analyte absorption at a target wavelength used to quantify the target analyte. Absorption can be measured at a reference wavelength chosen to quantify the concentration of the background analyte. Using a background gas adjustment factor or function, the absorption measured at the reference wavelength can be used to calculate absorption due to the background analyte at the target wavelength and thereby compensate for this background absorption to more accurately calculate the target analyte concentration in real or near real time. Additional background analytes can optionally be compensated for by using one or more additional reference wavelengths.

    Abstract translation: 含有具有潜在干扰光谱吸收特征的一种或多种背景分析物的气体混合物中的目标分析物的浓度可以通过补偿用于量化目标分析物的目标波长的背景分析物吸收来计算。 可以在选择的参考波长处测量吸光度,以量化背景分析物的浓度。 使用背景气体调节因子或功能,可以使用在参考波长处测量的吸收来计算由于目标波长的背景分析物引起的吸收,从而补偿该背景吸收,以更精确地计算实际或近似的目标分析物浓度 即时的。 可以通过使用一个或多个另外的参考波长来可选地补偿附加的背景分析物。

    Arc fault circuit interrupter and method of parallel and series arc fault detection
    96.
    发明授权
    Arc fault circuit interrupter and method of parallel and series arc fault detection 有权
    电弧故障电路断路器及并联和串联故障检测方法

    公开(公告)号:US07558033B2

    公开(公告)日:2009-07-07

    申请号:US11679281

    申请日:2007-02-27

    CPC classification number: H02H1/0015

    Abstract: An arc fault circuit interrupter includes separable contacts, a neutral conductor, an operating mechanism structured to open and close the separable contacts, at least one current sensor structured to sense current flowing through the separable contacts and output a sensed current value; and a processor. The processor includes a first routine structured to provide parallel arc fault detection, a second routine structured to provide series arc fault detection, and a third routine structured to enable the first routine and disable the second routine for a predetermined time when the sensed current value is greater than a predetermined value and to enable the second routine and disable the first routine for the predetermined time when the sensed current value is less than the predetermined value.

    Abstract translation: 电弧故障电路断路器包括可分离触点,中性导体,构造成打开和闭合可分离触点的操作机构,至少一个电流传感器,其构造成感测流过可分离触点的电流并输出感测的电流值; 和处理器。 该处理器包括构造成提供并联电弧故障检测的第一例程,构造成提供串联电弧故障检测的第二例程,以及第三例程,其构造成使得第一程序能够在预定时间内启用第二例程,当检测到的电流值为 大于预定值,并且当感测到的当前值小于预定值时,启用第二程序并禁用第一例程达预定时间。

    METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MONITORING WELLNESS OF CONTACTORS AND STARTERS
    97.
    发明申请
    METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MONITORING WELLNESS OF CONTACTORS AND STARTERS 有权
    用于监测接触器和起动器的耐久性的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号:US20080074215A1

    公开(公告)日:2008-03-27

    申请号:US11533881

    申请日:2006-09-21

    Inventor: Xin Zhou Jan Walker

    CPC classification number: H01H1/0015 H01H50/045 H01H2001/506 H01H2047/008

    Abstract: A system and method for monitoring the remaining useable life, or “wellness,” of a contactor or motor starter, and for predicting impending faults of such a device, is disclosed. By monitoring actuating coil current, actuating coil voltage, line current, and/or line voltage, the present invention can calculate wellness metrics which, when compared to threshold values, may be used as indicators of remaining life and/or imminent failures. The invention also provides non-mechanical positive indications of proper closures and openings of contacts for safety interlocking.

    Abstract translation: 公开了一种用于监测接触器或电动机起动器的剩余可用寿命或“健康”并用于预测这种装置的即将发生的故障的系统和方法。 通过监测致动线圈电流,致动线圈电压,线路电流和/或线路电压,本发明可以计算健康度量,其与阈值相比可用作剩余寿命和/或迫在眉睫的故障的指示符。 本发明还提供用于安全联锁的适当的闭合和接触开口的非机械的正面指示。

    Electrical switching apparatus and method employing acoustic and current signals to distinguish between parallel and series arc faults
    99.
    发明申请
    Electrical switching apparatus and method employing acoustic and current signals to distinguish between parallel and series arc faults 有权
    电气开关装置和方法采用声流和电流信号来区分并联和串联电弧故障

    公开(公告)号:US20070263329A1

    公开(公告)日:2007-11-15

    申请号:US11431332

    申请日:2006-05-10

    CPC classification number: H01H83/20 G01R31/1272 H01H2083/201 H02H1/0023

    Abstract: A circuit breaker includes a first lug and second and third acoustic lugs electrically connected to a power circuit. Separable contacts are electrically connected in series between the first lug and the second acoustic lug. An operating mechanism opens and closes the separable contacts. A first acoustic sensor is coupled to the second acoustic lug and senses a first acoustic signal from the second acoustic lug. A second acoustic sensor is coupled to the third acoustic lug and senses a second acoustic signal from the third acoustic lug. The first and second acoustic signals are operatively associated with a power circuit fault. A current sensor senses a current flowing between the first and second lugs. A circuit inputs the sensed acoustic signals and the sensed current and detects and distinguishes a parallel arc fault or a series arc fault from the sensed acoustic signals and the sensed current.

    Abstract translation: 断路器包括电连接到电源电路的第一凸耳和第二和第三声学凸耳。 可分离的触点串联地电连接在第一凸耳和第二声学凸耳之间。 操作机构打开和关闭可分离触点。 第一声​​传感器耦合到第二声耳,并且感测来自第二声耳的第一声信号。 第二声传感器耦合到第三声耳片并感测来自第三声耳的第二声信号。 第一和第二声信号与电源电路故障可操作地相关联。 电流传感器感测在第一和第二凸耳之间流动的电流。 A电路输入感测到的声信号和检测到的电流,并检测并区分平行电弧故障或串联电弧故障与感测到的声信号和检测到的电流。

    Measuring low levels of methane in carbon dioxide
    100.
    发明申请
    Measuring low levels of methane in carbon dioxide 审中-公开
    测量二氧化碳中甲烷的低水平

    公开(公告)号:US20070259440A1

    公开(公告)日:2007-11-08

    申请号:US11788757

    申请日:2007-04-19

    Abstract: Low concentrations of methane in a gas mixture containing a substantial concentration of carbon dioxide can be detected and quantified using absorption spectroscopy in the infrared spectral region. Absorption spectra can recorded using tunable diode lasers as the light source. Modulation of the laser signal and demodulation of the resultant detector response yields dependable measurements that may be conducted with very little maintenance in demanding environments.

    Abstract translation: 含有大量二氧化碳的气体混合物中的低浓度甲烷可利用红外光谱区域的吸收光谱检测和定量。 使用可调谐二极管激光器作为光源记录吸收光谱。 激光信号的调制和所得到的检测器响应的解调产生可靠的测量,可以在苛刻环境中进行很少的维护。

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