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公开(公告)号：US06711903B1
公开(公告)日：2004-03-30
申请号：US10369024
申请日：2003-02-19
申请人： John W. Rich, Jr.
发明人： John W. Rich, Jr.
IPC分类号： F02B4308
CPC分类号： C10G2/32 , C10J3/06 , C10J3/46 , C10J2300/093 , C10J2300/0959 , C10J2300/1215 , C10J2300/1659 , C10J2300/1675 , C10J2300/1687 , Y02E20/16 , Y02E20/18
摘要： A power plant generates electricity from carbonaceous material and fuel provided by a syngas plant such that clean electric power is generated and flue gas emissions are minimized. The syngas plant produces liquid fuel and unreacted syngas in a Fischer-Tropsch reactor, and the unreacted syngas is conducted to a combustion chamber of the power plant for use as a clean fuel moiety of the carbonaceous material burned in the combustion chamber. The unreacted syngas enables the electric power plant to operate below acceptable environmental limits in producing steam to generate electricity.
摘要翻译： 发电厂由碳质材料和由合成气工厂提供的燃料发电，从而产生清洁的电力并使烟道气排放最小化。 合成气装置在费 - 托反应器中产生液体燃料和未反应的合成气，未反应的合成气被传导到发电厂的燃烧室，用作在燃烧室中燃烧的含碳材料的清洁燃料部分。 未反应的合成气使得发电厂在产生蒸汽以发电的情况下运行低于可接受的环境极限。
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公开(公告)号：US5441547A
公开(公告)日：1995-08-15
申请号：US201364
申请日：1994-02-24
申请人： Rainer Durrfeld , Johannes Kowoll , Eberhard Kuske , Hans Niermann , Gerhard Wilmer , Joachim Wolff
发明人： Rainer Durrfeld , Johannes Kowoll , Eberhard Kuske , Hans Niermann , Gerhard Wilmer , Joachim Wolff
摘要： The gasification process includes providing a gasification reactor for gasifying a finely divided combustible material under pressure to form a crude gas with cinder and ash components, a quenching pipe positioned concentrically above the gasification reactor, a convection-heated boiler concentrically surrounding the quenching pipe and a gas flow guide device above the quenching pipe, the gas flow guide device being rotationally symmetric with respect to a longitudinal axis of the quenching pipe; conducting the crude gas with the cinder and ash components from the gasification reactor into the quenching pipe; feeding a quenching gas into the quenching pipe during the gasifying to form a mixed flow including the crude gas, the cinder and ash components and the quenching gas; guiding the mixed flow about a 180.degree. turn with the gas flow guide device above the quenching pipe; conducting the mixed flow into the convection-heated boiler; feeding the mixed flow from the convection-heated boiler with the help of a gas outlet device; and adjusting a gas flow speed of the mixed flow so that the cinder and ash components travelling in the mixed flow experience a cooling in the convection-heated boiler so that they loose adherence ability and are conducted through the gas outlet device from the convection-heated boiler.
摘要翻译： 气化方法包括提供气化反应器，用于在压力下气化精细分解的可燃材料以形成具有煤渣和灰分的粗气体;同心地位于气化反应器上方的淬火管，同心地围绕淬火管的对流加热锅炉 气体导流装置在淬火管上方，气体导流装置相对于淬火管的纵向轴线旋转对称; 将来自气化反应器的煤渣和灰分组分的粗气体导入淬火管中; 在气化期间将淬火气体送入淬火管，形成包含粗气，煤渣，灰分和淬火气体的混合流; 将引导装置引导到淬火管上方180度左右的混合流; 将混合流进入对流加热锅炉; 在气体出口装置的帮助下从对流加热的锅炉供给混合流; 并且调节混合流的气体流速，使得在混合流中行进的煤渣和灰分组件在对流加热的锅炉中经历冷却，使得它们具有松散的粘附能力，并且通过气体出口装置从对流加热 锅炉。
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公开(公告)号：US5217625A
公开(公告)日：1993-06-08
申请号：US955806
申请日：1992-10-02
CPC分类号： C10L5/46 , C02F11/10 , C02F11/18 , C10J3/46 , C10J3/466 , C10K1/002 , C10K1/004 , C10K1/005 , C10L1/326 , C10L9/086 , C02F11/123 , C02F11/127 , C10J2300/0906 , C10J2300/0923 , C10J2300/0959 , C10J2300/1223 , C10J2300/169 , C10J2300/1846 , Y02E50/10 , Y02E50/30 , Y02W10/40
摘要： A process for disposing of sanitary sewage sludge by producing a pumpable slurry of sewage sludge with or without solid carbonaceous fuel and burning said slurry as fuel in a partial oxidation gas generator, furnace, or boiler. First, an aqueous slurry of sewage sludge is concentrated to produce sewage sludge cake. The sewage sludge cake is preheated and sheared while in contact with sulfuric or sulfurous acid to produce a pumpable acidified aqueous slurry of sewage sludge having a pH of about 1 to 5. After two-stage hydrothermal treatment with neutralization of the sewage sludge after the second hydrothermal stage, the solids content of the pumpable aqueous slurry of sewage sludge is increased. By means of the subject process, the viscosity of the slurry of sewage sludge with or without solid carbonaceous fuel is reduced and coagulation is suppressed. A pumpable aqueous slurry of sewage sludge with or without solid carbonaceous fuel is produced and burned with a free-oxygen containing gas in a partial oxidation gasifier, furnace, boiler, or incinerator to produce a hot raw effluent gas stream. In a preferred embodiment, the effluent gas stream is cleaned and purified and non-contaminating ash and slag are separated. By this process, noxious sewage sludge may be disposed of without contaminating the environment. By-product synthesis gas, reducing gas, or fuel gas may be produced.
摘要翻译： 通过生产具有或不具有固体碳质燃料的污水污泥的可泵送浆料并在所述部分氧化气体发生器，炉或锅炉中燃烧所述浆料作为燃料来处理生活污水污泥的方法。 首先，将污水污泥的含水浆液浓缩，生成污泥。 污水污泥饼在与硫酸或亚硫酸接触的同时进行预热和剪切，产生pH值约为1〜5的污水污泥的可泵送酸化含水浆料。经二级水热处理后第二次污水污泥中和 水热阶段，污水污泥的可泵送含水浆料的固体含量增加。 通过本发明方法，具有或不具有固体碳质燃料的污泥的淤浆的粘度降低并且凝结被抑制。 在部分氧化气化炉，炉，锅炉或焚化炉中，产生具有或不含固体碳质燃料的污水污泥的可泵送含水浆料并用含游离氧气气体燃烧，以产生热的原料流出气流。 在一个优选的实施方案中，将废气流清洁和净化，并且将非污染灰和渣分离。 通过这个过程，可以处理有害污水污泥而不污染环境。 可以生产副产物合成气，还原气体或燃料气体。
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公开(公告)号：US4809624A
公开(公告)日：1989-03-07
申请号：US165053
申请日：1988-03-07
CPC分类号： C10J3/46 , C10J3/726 , C10J2300/1223
摘要： A method for starting up a partial combustion process, using a burner, wherein finely divided carbon-containing fuel is supplied to a reactor or gasifier and an oxygen-containing gas is supplied separately from the said fuel to the reactor or gasifier and is mixed with the said fuel adjacent the outlet of the burner in the reactor or gasifier. During a predetermined period a low rank particulate carbon-containing fuel is supplied to the reactor prior to the start of the partial combustion process, said low rank fuel spontaneously reacting with oxygen when brought into contact with the said oxygen-containing gas and subsequently switching the burner to a less reactive finedly divided carbon-containing fuel.
摘要翻译： 一种使用燃烧器启动部分燃烧过程的方法，其中将细分的含碳燃料供应到反应器或气化器，并且将含氧气体与所述燃料分开供应至反应器或气化器，并与 所述燃料邻近反应器或气化器中的燃烧器的出口。 在预定时间段内，在部分燃烧过程开始之前向反应器供应低等级的含颗粒碳的燃料，当与所述含氧气体接触时，所述低级燃料与氧气自发反应，随后将 燃烧器到较少反应性的细分碳含燃料。
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95.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4588850A
公开(公告)日：1986-05-13
申请号：US644420
申请日：1984-08-27
CPC分类号： C10J3/46 , C07C1/00 , C10J2300/1238
摘要： For the manufacture of acetylene and synthesis or reduction gas from coal by means of an electric arc or plasma process, coal converted into powder form is pyrolyzed in an electric arc reactor with an energy density of 1 to 5 kWh/Nm.sup.3, a residence period of 0.5 to 10 msec and at a temperature of at least 1500.degree. C. such that the gaseous compounds derived from the coal do not exceed 1.8 times the so-called volatile content of the coal. The coke remaining after subsequent quenching is then fed to a second electric arc reactor in which the coke, by means of a gasifying medium in conjunction with heating by means of an electric arc or plasma process, is converted into synthesis or reduction gas furing a residence period of 1 to 15 sec and at a temperature of at least 800.degree. C. The gas flow from the pyrolysis zone is cleaned and acetylene is recovered therefrom by selective solvents. The gas from the cleaning stage is similarly cooled and cleaned.
摘要翻译： 对于通过电弧或等离子体工艺从煤制造乙炔和合成或还原气体，转化为粉末形式的煤在能量密度为1至5kWh / Nm 3的电弧反应器中热解，其停留时间为 0.5至10毫秒，并且在至少1500℃的温度下，使得衍生自煤的气态化合物不超过所谓的煤的挥发成分的1.8倍。 然后将随后淬火后残留的焦炭进料到第二电弧反应器中，其中通过气化介质结合通过电弧或等离子体方法的加热将焦炭转化成合成或还原气体， 时间为1至15秒，温度至少为800℃。来自热解区的气流被清洁，通过选择性溶剂从其中回收乙炔。 来自清洁阶段的气体被类似地冷却和清洁。
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公开(公告)号：US4372754A
公开(公告)日：1983-02-08
申请号：US97593
申请日：1979-11-26
申请人： Paul Gernhardt , Wilhelm Danguillier , Karl Peter , Wolfgang Grams , Siegfried Pohl , Peter Schnitzler
发明人： Paul Gernhardt , Wilhelm Danguillier , Karl Peter , Wolfgang Grams , Siegfried Pohl , Peter Schnitzler
CPC分类号： F23Q9/04 , C10J3/46 , C10J3/463 , C10J3/506 , C10J3/526 , C10J3/74 , C10J3/78 , C10J3/845 , C10J2300/093 , C10J2300/0956 , Y10S48/02
摘要： An ignition burner and a pilot burner form part of an ignition system for a fluidized stream of finely-divided coal particles in a pressurized gasifier housing having a slag overflow pipe coupled to a discharge vessel. A fuel supply pipe delivers fuel for combustion by the ignition burner and the pilot burner. A sparkplug or hot wire is used to ignite the fuel delivered to the ignition burner. The flame produced by the ignition burner is widened by a baffle so that ignition by the pilot burner occurs to produce a flame which is monitored through a thermocouple. The parts forming the ignition system are carried by a pair of levers with pivots on the inner wall of a slag overflow pipe for movement between an operative position wherein the ignition burner is situated near the slag-receiving opening of the overflow pipe and an inoperative position wherein the ignition burner is protected from contact by slag and radiation heating. The ignition burner moves within substantially only one plane extending through the centerline of said slag overflow pipe.
摘要翻译： 点火燃烧器和引燃燃烧器形成了一个点火系统的一部分，用于在加压气化器壳体中的细碎煤颗粒的流化物流，其具有联接到放电容器的炉渣溢流管。 燃料供应管通过点火燃烧器和引燃燃烧器输送用于燃烧的燃料。 火花塞或热丝用于点燃输送到点火燃烧器的燃料。 由点火燃烧器产生的火焰被挡板加宽，使得引燃燃烧器发生点火，产生通过热电偶监测的火焰。 形成点火系统的部件由在炉渣溢流管的内壁上具有枢轴的一对杆承载，用于在点火式燃烧器位于溢流管的炉渣接收开口附近的操作位置和不工作位置之间移动 其中点火燃烧器被防止熔渣和辐射加热接触。 点火燃烧器基本上仅在延伸穿过炉渣溢流管的中心线的一个平面内移动。
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公开(公告)号：US4309197A
公开(公告)日：1982-01-05
申请号：US75335
申请日：1979-09-13
申请人： Zinovy F. Chukhanov , Zinovy Z. Chukhanov , Sergei A. Tsuprov , Vladimir I. Samsonov , Vadim A. Karasev
发明人： Zinovy F. Chukhanov , Zinovy Z. Chukhanov , Sergei A. Tsuprov , Vladimir I. Samsonov , Vadim A. Karasev
CPC分类号： C10J3/46 , C10J3/485 , C10J3/62 , C10J3/66 , C10J3/74 , C10J3/84 , C10J2300/0906 , C10J2300/0909 , C10J2300/0943 , C10J2300/0956 , C10J2300/1846
摘要： There is provided a method for processing a pulverized solid fuel by heat, which comprises the steps of drying said fuel and subjecting the latter to two-stage pyrolysis with the resulting formation of vapor, gaseous products and small coke. According to the invention, at least a part of the small coke is additionally heated to a temperature of 800.degree. to 1500.degree. C. by combustion gas and/or by partial burning of the small coke, whereafter the heated small coke is separated from the combustion gas, fed to the first stage of pyrolysis and for drying the fuel. The heated small coke is gasified by steam. The resultant gasification products are separated from the small coke which is then fed as the heat carrier to the first stage of pyrolysis.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种通过加热处理粉碎的固体燃料的方法，其包括以下步骤：干燥所述燃料并使其进行两阶段热解，从而形成蒸气，气态产物和小焦炭。 根据本发明，通过燃烧气体和/或通过部分燃烧小焦炭将少焦炭的至少一部分另外加热至800〜1500℃，此后将加热的小焦炭与 燃烧气体，进料到第一阶段的热解和干燥燃料。 加热的小焦炭通过蒸汽气化。 将所得气化产物与小焦炭分离，然后将其作为热载体进料至热解的第一阶段。
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公开(公告)号：US4202672A
公开(公告)日：1980-05-13
申请号：US854650
申请日：1977-11-25
申请人： Pieter J. Schuurman
发明人： Pieter J. Schuurman
CPC分类号： C10J3/78 , C10J3/46 , C10J3/48 , C10J3/86 , C10J2300/093 , C10J2300/0956 , C10J2300/0959 , Y02P20/129
摘要： A coal gasification reactor is disclosed which includes a gasification chamber surrounded by a pressure shell, a tubular quench section above the gasification chamber and a superposed waste heat boiler. Heat expansive members are provided in the form of bellow type expansion members between the waste heat boiler and the quench section as well as between the quench section and the gasification chamber to absorb or compensate for relative thermal expansion differences due to the temperature ranges involved in gasification.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种煤气化反应器，其包括由压力壳体围绕的气化室，气化室上方的管状骤冷段和叠置的废热锅炉。 在废热锅炉和骤冷段之间以及骤冷段和气化室之间以波纹型膨胀构件的形式提供热膨胀构件，以吸收或补偿由于气化所涉及的温度范围的相对热膨胀差异 。
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公开(公告)号：US3094479A
公开(公告)日：1963-06-18
申请号：US71386358
申请日：1958-02-07
CPC分类号： C07C2/78 , C07C2/76 , C10G9/00 , C10G9/28 , C10J3/24 , C10J3/46 , C10J2200/36 , C10J2300/0933 , Y10S585/925 , Y10S585/926
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公开(公告)号：US2669509A
公开(公告)日：1954-02-16
申请号：US4958248
申请日：1948-09-16
发明人： FREDERICK BURTON
IPC分类号： C10J3/46
CPC分类号： C10J3/46 , C10J2300/0933 , Y10S48/04
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