Abstract:
The present disclosure is directed to an optical filter that advantageously approximates sunlight that is both durable and stable for long periods of time when subject to harsh light intensity, thermal and moisture loads of accelerating weathering devices. The optical filter includes a glass having a lead content of between 0.5% and 50% by weight. In some examples, the filter can be constructed to have a thickness of 0.7 mm to 10 mm. In another aspect of the disclosure, the optical filter is part of an optical filter assembly suitable for manipulating spectral power distribution. The optical filter assembly includes a lead glass optical filter having a lead content of between 0.5% and 50% by weight and an ultraviolet transmissive optical filter. In one example, the ultraviolet transmissive optical filter is constructed from quartz glass. The ultraviolet transmissive optical filter can further include an infrared absorbing coating. In still another aspect of the present disclosure, an optical filter constructed from a lead glass has a thickness selected such that illumination passed through the lead glass has a first ratio and a second ratio. The first ratio is a first total irradiance for wavelengths shorter than 290 nm to a second total irradiance for wavelengths between 300 nm to 400 nm, such that the first ratio is less than 2.0null10null6. The second ratio is an irradiance at 310 nm to the second total irradiance, wherein the second ratio is at least 1.2null10null3.
Abstract:
A method for determining an angle of incidence of periodic optical signals is provided. The method includes detecting whether the periodic optical signals are present; generating a pulsed output when the periodic optical signals are present, the pulsed output corresponding to peaks in the periodic optical signals; predicting a timing of the periodic optical signals from the pulsed output; controlling a gated detector array to take a first reading and a second reading of the periodic optical signals based upon the timing, the first reading being out of phase with the timing and the second reading being in phase with the timing; and generating the angle of incidence by filtering the first reading from the second reading.
Abstract:
There is provided an illumination system for light having wavelengths null193 nm. The system includes (a) a first raster element for receiving a first diverging portion of the light and directing a first beam of the light, (b) a second raster element for receiving a second diverging portion of the light and directing a second beam of the light, where the first raster element is oriented at an angle with respect to the second raster element to cause a center ray of the first beam to intersect with a center ray of the second beam at an image plane, and (c) an optical element for imaging secondary sources of the light in an exit pupil, where the optical element is situated in a path of the light after the first and second raster elements and before the image plane.
Abstract:
A modular hyperspectral thermal camera that combines a wide field-of-view with a low erroneous recognition rate is described. The modular hyperspectral thermal camera provides such low erroneous recognition rates without any requirement for cryogenically cooling the associated optical components. The modular nature of the hyperspectral thermal camera permits easy exchange of the optical components and so provides a device that is easily calibrated and varied in resolution. In addition the modular nature allows the hyperspectral thermal camera to be readily converted to a broad band thermal camera, a full field spectrograph or a thermal bandpass filter camera, as required.
Abstract:
An optical sheet optimization method includes the steps of: extracting a statistic sample using transmissivity, haze data and luminance data of an optical diffusion sheet corresponding to the transmissivity and the haze data; making a regression model for the extracted statistic sample; calculating a regression coefficient to minimize an error term (residual) of the regression model and deriving a regression expression using the calculated regression coefficient; and predicting a luminance of the optical diffusion sheet due to changes of the transmissivity and the haze data using the derived regression expression.
Abstract:
The present invention provides a reliable, high-repetition rate, production line compatible high energy photon source. A very hot plasma containing an active material is produced in vacuum chamber. The active material is an atomic element having an emission line within a desired extreme ultraviolet (EUV) range. A pulse power source comprising a charging capacitor and a magnetic compression circuit comprising a pulse transformer, provides electrical pulses having sufficient energy and electrical potential sufficient to produce the EUV light at an intermediate focus at rates in excess of 5 Watts. In preferred embodiments designed by Applicants in-band, EUV light energy at the intermediate focus is 45 Watts extendable to 105.8 Watts.
Abstract:
In a gamma camera, a plurality of radiation detector elements having a rod-shaped first electrode, a semiconductor device surrounds the first electrode to contact with it for entering a radiation, and a second electrode provided for the side surface of the semiconductor device are detachably attached to a holding member. The holding member has a first electrode contact portion contacted with the first electrode and a second electrode contact portion contacted with the second electrode. A collimator in which a plurality of radiation paths provided corresponding to the plurality of radiation detector elements are formed is arranged on the radiation entering side of the plurality of radiation detector elements. A null-ray detection signal outputted from the first electrode contact portion is sent to a signal processing integrated circuit. A high voltage is applied to the second electrode via the second electrode contact portion.
Abstract:
A UV spot curing lamp assembly comprises an integral filter support and shutter stop mechanism. The assembly includes a UV lamp and a light guide spaced therefrom for receiving filtered light from the lamp and for directing light through the light guide to a selected target or work site for curing materials thereat. A filter plate in the form of a borosilicate glass, having a selected thickness for the particular application, is disposed in relatively close proximity to the entrance surface of the light guide. A movable shutter plate, having an opening therethrough, is disposed between the filter and the light guide entrance surface. The shutter is movable from a first position wherein the opening is in registry with the light guide entrance surface to receive light from the lamp to a second position wherein a solid portion of the shutter plate blocks light from being received by the light guide entrance surface. Effective cooling of the lamp assembly is provided by a fan by which forced air is drawn over the lamp and the integral filter support and shutter stop, and by an internal mounting system configured to direct the drawn air for effective convective heat dissipation.
Abstract:
An apparatus, system, and method for solid state spark detection are disclosed. A semiconducting photodetector has a pair of electrical conductors for carrying an electrical current generated when the semiconducting photodetector receives light energy generated by sparks. An electrical current detector is operably coupled with the electrical conductors for sensing the electrical current generated to signal receipt of the light energy generated by sparks. The present invention can be coupled to a monitoring device, such as an oscilloscope, for monitoring intensity and/or timing of spark phenomena. A plurality of semiconducting photodetectors and associated electrical current detectors may be used in concert if desired. The semiconducting photodetectors are suitably adapted to respond to light energy of different magnitudes or wavelengths to more particularly study sparks of different natures.
Abstract:
Apparatus and method for treating a product with ultraviolet light. The apparatus includes a chamber having an inlet and an outlet, and an interior space between the inlet and the outlet. An ultraviolet light permeable conveyor is configured to move the product through the interior space from the inlet to the outlet. The conveyor has a top surface which receives the product and an opposite bottom surface. A source of ultraviolet light is coupled to the chamber and is configured to direct ultraviolet light in at least first and second portions within the interior space toward the conveyor. A first reflector is positioned in the interior space and above the top surface of the conveyor such that the first portion of the ultraviolet light is redirected toward the product on the top surface. A second reflector is positioned in the interior space and below the bottom surface of the conveyor such that the second portion of the ultraviolet light is redirected upwardly through the conveyor toward the product on the top surface.