Abstract:
A reflection electrode has an undulated shape and whose normal direction is distributed unevenly to a specific azimuth angle and whose reflection light intensity depends on said azimuth angle. Openings are formed in that area of the reflection electrode which has a tilt angle of 0 degree to 2 degrees and/or a tilt angle of 10 degrees or higher. The retardation of a liquid crystal layer is changed by making the liquid crystal molecular alignment mode different between the openings and the reflection electrode, so that the intensity of output light is increased in reflection mode as well as in transmission mode. The balance of colors displayed in transmission mode is determined by determining the area of the openings in pixels of each color, and the color temperature is set higher in transmission mode than in reflection mode. This provides a semi-transmission type liquid crystal display which has an excellent visibility in reflection mode as well as in transmission mode.
Abstract:
A backlight for a color liquid crystal display apparatus in which light of the three primary colors of red, blue, and green is directly incident on the corresponding pixels of a liquid crystal layer, the backlight comprising a first light-guide plate; a first incidence part for receiving light of a first primary color from among the light of the three primary colors in a first area on a first lateral surface of the first light-guide plate; a second incidence part for receiving light of a second primary color light from among the light of the three primary colors in a second area on a second lateral surface that is opposite to the first lateral surface of the first light-guide plate; and a third incidence part for receiving light of a third primary color from among the light of the three primary colors in a third area on a rear surface of the first light-guide plate. The number of superposition steps is thereby reduced, light-guide plates can easily be superposed onto an LCD panel with high accuracy, and a lightweight and inexpensive backlight for a color liquid crystal display apparatus can be obtained.
Abstract:
A process for forming a pattern contains steps of: forming a first mask pattern on a film to be etched on a substrate; forming a first pattern of the film to be etched by using the first mask pattern as a mask; forming a second mask pattern having a plane shape different from that of the first mask pattern by deforming the first mask pattern; and forming a second pattern of the film to be etched different from the first pattern by using the second mask pattern. By applying the process for forming a pattern, for example, to the formation of a semiconductor layer and source and drain electrodes of a TFT substrate of a liquid crystal display apparatus, the above-stated formation requiring two photoresist process steps in a conventional manufacturing method of a liquid crystal display apparatus can be carried out by only one process step, thereby reducing manufacturing cost thereof.
Abstract:
A flat lighting source is provided which is capable of applying illuminating light to an entire display region of a display panel. A current or voltage is supplied from each LED (Light Emitting Diode) driving/correcting circuit to each LED. Part of light emitted from each of the LEDs is converted into electrical signals and a resistance value of each photodiode decreases in proportion to luminance. If luminance of light emitted from each of the LEDs increases, a resistance value of each of the photodiodes decreases while the luminance of light emitted from each of the LEDs decreases. The resistance value is fed back to each of the LED driving/correcting circuits which changes a driving current or a driving voltage so that luminance of light emitted from each of the LEDs corresponds to a luminance setting voltage. The photodiode is mounted in a one-to-one relationship for every LED.
Abstract:
An optical element comprises a pair of substrates each having an electrode and bonded together with a gap therebetween and a light adjusting material including a liquid crystal and enclosed in the gap. Each of the pair of substrates has an electrode connecting portion to be connected to an external circuit. At least a part of the electrode connecting portion of each of the substrates is located on the same side as that of the optical element. The electrode connecting portion of one of the substrates and the electrode connecting portion of the other of the substrates have respective electrode portions at regions that are not opposed to each other. The electrode portion of each of the electrode connecting portions is connected to the external circuit.
Abstract:
An LCD device is obtained by joining a counter substrate and a TFT substrate with a sealing member having at least a UV-curable characteristic. The sealing member includes a UV-curable resin and high-refractive layers formed respectively on the surfaces of spacers which are dispersed in the UV-curable resin, each of the surfaces of the spacers having a refractive index higher than that of the UV-curable resin.
Abstract:
A housing member accommodates a liquid crystal display panel and a lighting unit. The housing member is provided with a penetrated space for receiving a light-source unit in the lighting unit therein. A pair of fastening members are attached to a pair of openings of the space, respectively, for supporting the light-source unit within the space such that each of the fastening members allows to insert the light-source unit into the space from either one of the pair of the openings.
Abstract:
A circuit for driving a load with a constant current, includes a first transistor electrically connected in series to a load to be driven, a second transistor electrically connected in series to the load, and electrically connected in parallel with the first transistor, and a resistor electrically connected in series to the second transistor.
Abstract:
A memory circuit includes a first resistor composed of chalcogenide, a second resistor composed of chalcogenide, and electrically connected in series to the first resistor, and an inverter having an input terminal electrically connected to a node through which the first and second resistors are electrically connected to each other.
Abstract:
A reflection type liquid crystal display device having excellent display capability even if the number of the photolithography process is reduced and a process for producing the device. A process includes the steps of (a) forming a source/drain wiring by using a first mask; (b) forming a thin film transistor region and gate wiring by using a second mask; (c) forming an opening for a transistor, in a passivation film by using a third mask; (d) forming a rough surface of the interlayer insulating film and to form an opening for the transistor by using a fourth mask by halftone exposure, and (e) forming a reflective metal which extend through the respective openings for the transistor in the passivation film and the interlayer insulating film so that it is electrically connected to the source wiring by using a fifth mask.