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111.发明授权Medium earth orbit satellite surveillance system and antenna configuration therefore 有权因此，中等地球轨道卫星监控系统和天线配置公开(公告)号：US06859169B2
公开(公告)日：2005-02-22
申请号：US10458866
申请日：2003-06-11
IPC分类号： G01S3/02 , G01S7/00 , G01S13/44 , G01S13/52 , G01S13/68 , H01Q1/28 , H01Q19/19 , H01Q25/00 , H04B7/185
CPC分类号： H01Q25/00 , G01S3/023 , G01S7/003 , G01S13/449 , G01S13/52 , G01S13/68 , H01Q1/288 , H01Q19/19 , H01Q19/192
摘要： A radar surveillance system includes a plurality of satellites a plurality of medium earth orbit satellites to provide continuous, long dwell coverage of a region of interest. Each satellite has an antenna having a main reflector and a subreflector electromagnetically coupled to the main reflector. A phased array generates multiple electromagnetic beams positioned so the electromagnetic beams reflect from the subreflector onto said main reflector. The system may be used in determining slow moving targets using a combination of monopulse anomaly and target spectral width measurements. The system also performs synthetic aperture radar imagery and focussed area fast moving target detection using alternating slope linear frequency modulated pulses. The plurality of medium Earth orbit satellites include a self-contained communications system consisting of high bandwidth self-relay crosslinks, high bandwidth downlink, and direct broadcast downlinks for processed data.
摘要翻译： 雷达监视系统包括多个卫星，多个中等的地球轨道卫星，以提供感兴趣的区域的连续，长的停留覆盖。 每个卫星具有天线，其具有主反射器和与主反射器电磁耦合的副反射器。 相控阵列产生多个电磁束，使得电子束从副反射器反射到所述主反射器上。 该系统可用于使用单脉冲异常和目标光谱宽度测量的组合来确定慢移目标。 该系统还使用交替斜率线性调频脉冲执行合成孔径雷达图像和聚焦区域快速移动目标检测。 多个中等地球轨道卫星包括由高带宽自中继交叉，高带宽下行链路和用于处理数据的直接广播下行链路组成的独立通信系统。
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112.发明授权Method and device for determining an azimuth angle and/or an elevation angle in a multibeam radar system 有权用于确定多波束雷达系统中的方位角和/或仰角的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06130638A
公开(公告)日：2000-10-10
申请号：US182449
申请日：1998-10-29
申请人： Klaus Winter , Klaus-Peter Wagner
发明人： Klaus Winter , Klaus-Peter Wagner
IPC分类号： G01S7/32 , G01S7/292 , G01S7/295 , G01S13/42 , G01S13/44 , G01S13/48 , G01S13/00 , G01S13/68
摘要： Method and device for determining an azimuth angle and/or an elevation angle, based on a multibeam radar system, in which the echo signals of each radar target are recorded over at least two beams. The amplitude of an echo signal recorded in each receiving beam is normalized. For each receiving beam, the normalized amplitude is compared to the pattern values of an antenna pattern stored and normalized for this beam in order to determine the angle of a radar target. The comparison results from at least two receiving beams are combined to form an angle-dependent analysis quantity, and the angle whose angle-dependent analysis quantity meets a minimum and maximum criterion is determined to be the angle of the radar target. Included in the angle-dependent analysis quantity is a phase angle of at least two recorded echo signals. This operation can also be performed on the basis of a complex normalization operation.
摘要翻译： 基于多波束雷达系统确定方位角和/或仰角的方法和装置，其中每个雷达目标的回波信号被记录在至少两个波束上。 记录在每个接收波束中的回波信号的振幅被归一化。 对于每个接收波束，将归一化幅度与为该波束存储和归一化的天线方向图的模式值进行比较，以便确定雷达目标的角度。 来自至少两个接收光束的比较结果被组合以形成角度依赖性分析量，角度依赖分析量满足最小和最大准则的角度被确定为雷达目标的角度。 角度相关分析数量中包括至少两个记录的回波信号的相位角。 该操作也可以在复杂的归一化操作的基础上进行。
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公开(公告)号：US5748140A
公开(公告)日：1998-05-05
申请号：US627813
申请日：1996-03-28
申请人： Michael B. Schober
发明人： Michael B. Schober
CPC分类号： G01S13/726 , G01S13/52
摘要： A radar tracking system 100 adapted for use with existing radar tracking systems. The inventive system includes a radar target detection system 106, 108 for detecting radar targets in clutter using magnitude and angular position information obtained from return signals. A tracking algorithm 104 is used to track and update the positions of said targets with respect to the position of the radar system. The tracking algorithm includes a true target angle estimator 110 for maintaining accurate target angle information when the target is clutter and when the target is out of clutter. The tracking algorithm maintains accurate target distance information when the target is in clutter and when the target is out of clutter. In a specific embodiment, accurate distance information is maintained in a track file 122 where the amplitudes of return signals are stored once a target is detected by the detection system 100.
摘要翻译： 适用于现有雷达跟踪系统的雷达跟踪系统100。 本发明的系统包括雷达目标检测系统106,108，用于使用从返回信号获得的幅度和角位置信息来检测杂波中的雷达目标。 跟踪算法104用于跟踪和更新相对于雷达系统的位置的所述目标的位置。 跟踪算法包括一个真实的目标角度估计器110，用于当目标杂乱时以及当目标超出杂波时保持准确的目标角度信息。 跟踪算法保持准确的目标距离信息，当目标是混乱的时候和目标是超出杂波。 在具体实施例中，在轨迹文件122中保持准确的距离信息，其中一旦检测系统100检测到目标，则返回信号的幅度被存储。
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114.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5680514A
公开(公告)日：1997-10-21
申请号：US311373
申请日：1994-09-23
申请人： Soheil Shams
发明人： Soheil Shams
CPC分类号： G01S5/04 , G01S13/723 , G01S7/417 , G01S13/68 , G01S7/36
摘要： A multiple elastic feature network having N independent sets of M feature specific neurons that respond to the temporal properties of a number of targets. The targets are represented by sets of M feature specific coordinates. Each of the neurons and its coordinates are labeled with a different one of the feature types, and have an associated receptive field and distortion, locking and expectation parameters. A sequence of candidate coordinates, which include the targets' coordinates as well as false or ghost coordinates, is input to the MEFN. Each successive candidate coordinate selects the closest neuron that has the same feature type and whose receptive field includes the candidate coordinates. The coordinates of the selected neuron and the other neurons in its set are adjusted towards the candidate coordinates. The distortion, expectation and locking parameters measure the distortion in the neurons' coordinates, the elapsed time since each neuron was last selected and the changes in the neurons' coordinates, respectively. As the sets of neurons converge towards respective targets, the expectation, distortion and locking parameters are reduced, and hence the receptive fields are reduced, causing the neurons to lock onto and track the targets.
摘要翻译： 具有N个独立的M组的多重弹性特征网络具有对多个目标的时间特性作出响应的特定特征神经元。 目标由一组M特征特定坐标表示。 每个神经元及其坐标都用不同的特征类型进行标记，并具有相关的接收场和失真，锁定和期望参数。 包括目标坐标以及虚假或重心坐标的候选坐标序列被输入到MEFN。 每个连续的候选坐标选择具有相同特征类型的最接近的神经元，其接收场包括候选坐标。 所选神经元和其集合中的其他神经元的坐标被调整为候选坐标。 失真，期望和锁定参数测量神经元坐标中的失真，分别是每个神经元最后一次被选择的经过时间和神经元坐标的变化。 随着神经元集合到各个目标，预期，失真和锁定参数被减少，因此接收场减少，导致神经元锁定并跟踪目标。
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115.发明授权Method and device to detect the garbling of pulses received by a secondary radar 失效检测由二次雷达接收的脉冲乱码的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5341139A
公开(公告)日：1994-08-23
申请号：US37582
申请日：1993-03-26
CPC分类号： G01S13/784
摘要： In a method for the detection of the garbling of pulses received by a secondary radar, the secondary radar comprises a monopulse antenna that can be used to obtain a pulse power signal and a pulse difference measurement signal synchronous with the received pulses. The method consists in detecting, at the same time, ripples superimposed on the power signal and ripples superimposed on the difference measurement signal, the presence of at least two garbled pulses being detected by the presence of ripples on at least one of the two signals. Application to the reception circuits of secondary radars.
摘要翻译： 在用于检测由二次雷达接收的脉冲的乱码的方法中，辅助雷达包括单脉冲天线，该单脉冲天线可用于获得与所接收的脉冲同步的脉冲功率信号和脉冲差测量信号。 该方法包括同时检测叠加在功率信号上的波纹和叠加在差分测量信号上的波纹，至少两个混乱脉冲的存在是由两个信号中的至少一个上的纹波的存在来检测的。 应用于二次雷达的接收电路。
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116.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5334984A
公开(公告)日：1994-08-02
申请号：US920513
申请日：1992-07-28
申请人： Noriyuki Akaba
发明人： Noriyuki Akaba
摘要： A direction finding method and system for locating the direction of a transmission source based on an electromagnetic wave which is transmitted from the transmission source and is received by an antenna means at a receiving end apparatus. The transmission source transmits an angle-modulated wave. Meanwhile, the receiving end apparatus receives the transmitted wave, converts into electrical signals a beat frequency signal which is caused by direct and reflected waves contained in the received wave, and time-averaging the electrical signals, thus minimizing a angle error due to a multipass interference.
摘要翻译： 一种用于基于从发送源发送并由天线装置在接收端装置接收的电磁波来定位发送源的方向的方向和方法。 发送源发送角度调制波。 同时，接收端装置接收发射波，将包含在接收波中的直接波和反射波引起的拍频信号转换为电信号，并且对电信号进行时间平均，从而最小化由于多径的角度误差 干扰。
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公开(公告)号：US4973964A
公开(公告)日：1990-11-27
申请号：US469289
申请日：1990-01-24
申请人： Manfred Schuster
发明人： Manfred Schuster
CPC分类号： G01S13/68 , G01S2007/4086 , G01S7/4026
摘要： A method for orienting a radar installation which possesses an at least approximatingly axial-symmetrical antenna radiation or beam characteristic towards a target. The radar beam which is emitted by the radar installation is reflected or scattered back at the target and the backscattered radar beam is evaluated or plotted in a measurement evaluating device of the radar installation for purposes of determining or identifying the target. Employed is a target with three target elements which are arranged in the corners of an at least approximately equilateral triangle, the centerpoint of which corresponds to the desired target point, in which there is effected a separating of the three radar signals which are reflected or scattered back by the three target elements, and that from the values of the amplitudes of the three backscattered radar signals, through the utilization of the measurement evaluating circuit, there is determined the position of the target point which is located between the target elements.
摘要翻译： 一种用于定向雷达装置的方法，其具有至少近似于轴对称的天线辐射或射束特性朝向目标。 由雷达装置发射的雷达波束被反射或散射回目标，并且背光散射的雷达波束被评估或绘制在雷达装置的测量评估装置中以便确定或识别目标。 使用的是具有三个目标元素的目标，其被布置在至少近似等边三角形的角落中，其中心点对应于期望的目标点，其中实现了被反射或分散的三个雷达信号的分离 通过三个目标元件返回，并且从三个背向散射雷达信号的振幅的值通过使用测量评估电路，确定位于目标元件之间的目标点的位置。
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公开(公告)号：US4868917A
公开(公告)日：1989-09-19
申请号：US129374
申请日：1980-03-07
申请人： Sydney C. Woolcock
发明人： Sydney C. Woolcock
摘要： A radar apparatus transmits right circular polarized signals and selects the right circular polarized components of the corresponding returns. It also transmits left circular polarized signals and selects the left circular polarized components of the corresponding returns. The selected left and right circular polarized compoments are processed by, for example, averaging them, producing a weighted average of them, or selecting the component of larger value.
摘要翻译： 雷达装置发射右圆偏振信号并选择相应回波的右圆极化分量。 它还传输左圆极化信号并选择相应返回的左圆极化分量。 所选择的左右圆极化组件通过例如对它们进行平均处理，产生它们的加权平均值或选择较大值的分量。
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公开(公告)号：US4743907A
公开(公告)日：1988-05-10
申请号：US860945
申请日：1986-05-05
申请人： Bernard Gellekink
发明人： Bernard Gellekink
CPC分类号： G01S13/87 , G01S13/685
摘要： A radar system for low-level target tracking comprises a first and a second radar apparatus, both apparatus operating at their own frequency, but employing one and the same tracking antenna. A target being tracked in range and angle coordinates by the first radar apparatus can be tracked in angle coordinates by the second apparatus and in range by the first radar apparatus when the target arrives within the range of the second radar apparatus. A preferred digital embodiment of this system is obtained by utilizing a common signal processing unit including a matched filter.
摘要翻译： 用于低级目标跟踪的雷达系统包括第一和第二雷达装置，两个装置以它们自己的频率工作，但采用同一个跟踪天线。 当目标在第二雷达装置的范围内到达时，第一雷达装置在范围和角度坐标上跟踪的目标可以由第二装置以角度坐标跟踪，并且在目标到达第一雷达装置的范围内。 该系统的优选数字实施例通过利用包括匹配滤波器的公共信号处理单元来获得。
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公开(公告)号：US4665401A
公开(公告)日：1987-05-12
申请号：US195809
申请日：1980-10-10
申请人： John T. Garrard , Jack E. Gregg , Robert S. Roeder
发明人： John T. Garrard , Jack E. Gregg , Robert S. Roeder
CPC分类号： F41G7/2246 , F41G7/2286 , G01S13/68 , G01S13/72
摘要： A high frequency target seeking device, using a stabilized reflector antenna, performs range search and tracking functions and target angle search and tracking functions. A technique is provided for target range discrimination using several narrow band i.f. filters, also thereby improving signal-to-clutter ratio and signal-to-receiver noise ratio. Target search is accomplished with simultaneous range and antenna azimuth scanning, with the range bins and the antenna beam swept across the target. A multiplexer selects the range bin having signals indicative of the target. Target range tracking is accomplished by the multiplexer additionally automatically selecting range bins adjacent to the target's range bin and comparing their output signals. Antenna stabilization is accomplished utilizing signals from vehicle pitch, roll, and yaw rate sensors, and antenna elevation and azimuth rate and angle sensors. These signals are processed in the antenna control circuit according to predetermined relationships to provide the desired antenna stabilization.
摘要翻译： 使用稳定的反射器天线的高频目标寻找装置执行范围搜索和跟踪功能以及目标角度搜索和跟踪功能。 提供了一种用于使用几个窄带i.f的目标范围鉴别的技术。 滤波器，从而提高信噪比和信号与接收机的噪声比。 目标搜索通过同时范围和天线方位扫描完成，范围仓和天线波束扫过目标。 复用器选择具有指示目标的信号的范围bin。 目标范围跟踪通过多路复用器实现，另外自动选择与目标范围仓相邻的范围仓并比较其输出信号。 使用来自车辆俯仰，侧倾和横摆率传感器的信号以及天线仰角和方位速率和角度传感器来实现天线稳定。 这些信号根据预定的关系在天线控制电路中进行处理以提供期望的天线稳定性。
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